Chest X-ray and chest CT findings in patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis following solid organ transplantation: a systematic review
The objective of this systematic review was to select articles including chest X-ray or chest CT findings in patients who developed pulmonary tuberculosis following solid organ transplantation (lung, kidney, or liver). The following search terms were used: “ tuberculosis ” ; “ transplants ” ; “ transplantation ” ; “ mycobacterium ” ; and “ lung ” . The databases used in this review were PubMed and the Brazilian Biblioteca Virtual em Sa úde (Virtual Health Library). We selected articles in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, regardless of the year of publication, that met the selection criteria in their ti...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
New and repurposed drugs to treat multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
The objective of this review was to summarize what has been achieved to date, as far as new and repurposed drugs are concerned, with a special focus on delamanid, bedaquiline, pretomanid, clofazimine, carbapenems, and linezolid. After more than 40 years of neglect, greater attention has recently been paid to the need for new drugs to fight the “ white plague ” , and promising results are being reported.RESUMO A tuberculose multirresistente (TB-MDR, do ingl ês multidrug-resistant) e a extensivamente resistente (TB-XDR, do inglês extensively drug-resistant) continuam representando um desafio para os clínicos e as auto...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Risk factors for tuberculosis: diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and the use of other drugs
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem. Although efforts to control the epidemic have reduced mortality and incidence, there are several predisposing factors that should be modified in order to reduce the burden of the disease. This review article will address some of the risk factors associated with tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis, including diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and the use of other drugs, all of which can also contribute to poor tuberculosis treatment results. Tuberculosis can also lead to complications in the course and management of other diseases, such as diabetes...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations, and prevention of pediatric tuberculosis from the perspective of the End TB Strategy
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority in many countries. In 2015, tuberculosis killed 1.4 million people, including 210,000 children. Despite the recent progress made in the control of tuberculosis in Brazil, it is still one of the countries with the highest tuberculosis burdens. In 2015, there were 69,000 reported cases of tuberculosis in Brazil and tuberculosis was the cause of 4,500 deaths in the country. In 2014, the World Health Organization approved the End TB Strategy, which set a target date of 2035 for meeting its goals of reducing the tuberculosis incidence by 90% and reducing the number ...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Who are the patients with tuberculosis who are diagnosed in emergency facilities? An analysis of treatment outcomes in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Conclusions: In the state of São Paulo, one in every four tuberculosis patients is diagnosed in EFs, a diagnosis of tuberculosis in EFs being associated with poor treatment outcomes. At the municipal level, an EF diagnosis of tuberculosis is associated with structural and socioeconomic indicators, indicating areas for improvement.RESUMO Objetivo: O diagn óstico e tratamento precoce da tuberculose são determinantes de melhores desfechos e controle eficaz da doença. Embora a tuberculose deva ser diagnosticada e tratada idealmente na atenção primária à saúde, uma porcentagem dos pacientes recebe o diagnóstico no pr...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Predictors of mortality among intensive care unit patients coinfected with tuberculosis and HIV
Conclusions: A high early mortality rate was observed among TB/HIV coinfected ICU patients. The factors predictive of mortality in this population were IMV, hypoalbuminemia, and severe immunosuppression.RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar fatores preditores de mortalidade em pacientes da UTI coinfectados por tuberculose (TB)/HIV em Manaus (AM). M étodos: Estudo retrospectivo de coorte com pacientes coinfectados por TB/HIV, com mais de 18 anos de idade e admitidos na UTI entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2014. Foram avaliadas variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais. Para identificar fatores preditores de mort...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Rapid molecular test for tuberculosis: impact of its routine use at a referral hospital
Conclusions: The use of the Xpert MTB/RIF test, under routine conditions, significantly increased the detection of cases of tuberculosis among sputum smear-negative patients.RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do teste r ápido molecular automatizado Xpert MTB/RIF, utilizado para a detecção de Mycobacterium tuberculosis e sua resistência à rifampicina, em condições de rotina, em um hospital de referência no estado da Bahia. Métodos: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo utilizando o banco de dados do Laboratório de Micobacteriologia do Hospital Especializado Octávio Mangabeira, localizado na cidade de Salvador, e um ...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in a high tuberculosis incidence setting in Brazil
Conclusions: MAC and M. kansasii were the most prevalent species involved in NTMLD in the state, similarly to what occurs in other regions of Brazil. Data on regional epidemiology of NTMLD, its specific etiology, and associated conditions are essential to establish appropriate treatment, since each species requires specific regimens. Most patients with NTMLD had received previous tuberculosis treatment, which might lead to development of resistance and late diagnosis.RESUMO Objetivo: A incid ência de doença pulmonar causada por micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT) tem aumentado em todo o mundo. No Brasil, há poucos e...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Impact of smoking on sputum culture conversion and pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Brazil: a retrospective cohort study
Conclusions: In our sample, the probability of a delay in sputum culture conversion was higher in current smokers than in never-smokers, as was the probability of a poor treatment outcome.RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do tabagismo no desfecho do tratamento da tuberculose pulmonar (TBP) e na taxa de convers ão da cultura de Mycobacterium tuberculosis no escarro ao final do segundo mês de tratamento em pacientes com TBP confirmada por cultura em um local com incidência de tuberculose moderada no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo envolvendo pacientes com TBP diagnosticados e tratados n o Instituto de ...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Clinical aspects in patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, in the Brazilian Amazon
Conclusions: In the study sample, treatment response of pulmonary disease caused by MABSC was less favorable than that of pulmonary disease caused by other NTM.RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as manifesta ções clínicas de pacientes com infecção pulmonar por micobactérias do complexo Mycobacterium abscessus (CMA) e compará-las com as daqueles infectados com outras micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT). Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo envolvendo 43 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: grupo CMA, com pacientes com infecção pulmonar por CMA (n = 17); e grupo MNT, com pacientes com infecção pulmonar por MNT que...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Sequential analysis as a tool for detection of amikacin ototoxicity in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
Conclusions: The statistical method used in this study makes it possible to conclude that, over the six-month period, amikacin-associated hearing threshold shifts were detected by HFA and PTA, and that DPOAE testing was not efficient in detecting such shifts.RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a detec ção precoce de ototoxicidade causada pelo uso de amicacina numa população tratada para tuberculose multirresistente (TBMR) por meio da realização de três testes distintos: audiometria tonal liminar (ATL), audiometria de altas frequências (AAF) e pesquisa de emissões otoacústicas por produt o de distorção (EOAPD). Método...
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Inclusion and exclusion criteria in research studies: definitions and why they matter
(Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Lymph node calcifications
(Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Tuberculosis: where are we?
(Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
The role of the Brazilian Tuberculosis Research Network in national and international efforts to eliminate tuberculosis
(Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - May 21, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
