International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Comparative Efficacy of Antibiotics in Treating Experimental Clostridium septicum Infection
Clostridium septicum is a Gram-positive, anaerobic spore-forming pathogen that produces fatal infections in both healthy humans and animals [1]. In humans, C. septicum causes gas gangrene in normal hosts following deep penetrating or crushing injuries after trauma. C. septicum is also recognized as the principal cause of ‘spontaneous’ or ‘atraumatic’ gas gangrene in patients suffering from gastrointestinal maladies, including adenocarcinoma of the colon [2]. Due to the clinical challenges posed by spontaneous C. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 15, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Michael John Aldape, Clifford Roland Bayer, Savannah Nicole Rice, Amy Evelyn Bryant, Dennis Leroy Stevens Source Type: research

β-Carboline derivatives as novel antivirals for herpes simplex virus
Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are double-stranded DNA human herpes viruses belonging to the Alphaherpesvirinae. They are transmitted across epithelial mucosal cells as well as through skin lesions. These viruses migrate along axons towards neuronal ganglia, where they persist in a latent state and may reactivate several times during an individual's lifespan. HSV-1 predominantly causes orofacial lesions, whereas HSV-2 mainly infects the genital mucosa [1]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M. Micaela Gonzalez, Franco M. Cabrerizo, Armin Baiker, Rosa Erra-Balsells, Andreas Osterman, Hans Nitschko, Mar ía G. Vizoso-Pinto Source Type: research

β-Carboline Derivatives as Novel Antivirals for Herpes Simplex Viruses
Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are dsDNA human herpes viruses that belong to Alphaherpesvirinae. They are transmitted across epithelial mucosal cells as well as through skin lesions. These viruses migrate along axons towards neuronal ganglia, where they persist in a latent state and may reactivate several times during an individual's lifespan. HSV-1 predominantly causes orofacial lesions, whereas HSV-2 mainly infects the genital mucosa [1]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gonzalez M. Micaela, Cabrerizo Franco M, Baiker Armin, Erra-Balsells Rosa, Osterman Andreas, Nitschko Hans, Vizoso-Pinto Mar ía G. Source Type: research

Emergence of multiple carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative species, colistin-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11, IMP-7-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST357 and OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter baumannii ST1050, in a single patient
Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria are often multidrug-resistant (MDR) and pose serious problems in terms of clinical treatment and infection control. Here, we report isolation of three distinct carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria, as well as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Citrobacter freundii, from a patient recently transferred from a hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia to Teikyo University Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Satoshi Nishida, Shinobu Ishigaki, Miwa Asahara, Taiji Furukawa, Yasuo Ono Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Tricyclic antidepressants inhibit Candida albicans growth and biofilm formation
Candida albicans is a commensal yeast of the human gastrointestinal and gastrourinary tracts. In immune compromised individuals, C. albicans can cross the host's protective membranes and colonize internal organs, producing life-threatening infections. In addition, C. albicans may become an opportunistic pathogen even for healthy individuals because of its ability to form biofilms on solid surfaces, such as implanted medical devices, where they contribute to nosocomial infections [1]. The biofilm formation is a systematic, highly controlled process involving different stages. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Marina Caldara, Nelson Marmiroli Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Response to ‘On the antiviral activity and developmental toxicity of 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside (6MMPr)’ and ‘Acceleration with the brakes on?’
In response to the recent letters [1,2] that questioned the findings published by Carvalho et  al. [3], we are thankful for the concerns raised by the authors. However, we respectfully disagree with their overall point of view. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ot ávio Valério de Carvalho, Daniele Mendes Félix, Ronaldo Nascimento de Oliveira, Gustavo Seabra, Abelardo Silva Júnior, Lindomar José Pena Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Central Nervous System Laboratory-confirmed Influenza Meningo-Encephalitis Treated with Peramivir
We report a case of CNS laboratory-confirmed IAE treated with peramivir with complete resolution of neurologic symptoms, contrasting with other case reports in the literature. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jarod Fox, Shauna Jacobson Junco, Sarah Barbour Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Response to “On the antiviral activity and developmental toxicity of 6-methylmercaptopurine (6-MMPr)” and “Acceleration with the brakes on?”
In response to the recent letters [1,2] that questioned the findings published by Carvalho et al., 2017 [3], we are thankful to the concerns raised by the authors. However, we respectfully disagree with their overall point of view. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ot ávio Valério de Carvalho, Daniele Mendes Félix, Ronaldo Nascimento de Oliveira, Gustavo Seabra, Abelardo Silva Júnior, Lindomar José Pena Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST58 causing urosepsis
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) are a phylogenetically diverse group of E. coli that have acquired the ability to colonise anatomical sites distinct from the gastrointestinal tract, including the urinary tract, brain and spinal cord, soft tissue sites and bone. ExPEC are classified into three subtypes, including uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), neonatal meningitis-associated E. coli and avian pathogenic E. coli [1]. ExPEC also cause nosocomial bloodstream infections in hospitals and nursing homes and are often responsible for respiratory infections and bacteraemia in long-term hospitalised patients. (Sourc...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 2, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jessica McKinnon, Piklu Roy Chowdhury, Steven P. Djordjevic Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Potentiation of the leishmanicidal activity of nelfinavir in combination with miltefosine or amphotericin B
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of disease caused by the protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania [1]. Endemic in 62 countries, the World Health Organization estimates there to be about 500,000 new cases of VL every year, and that it annually causes some 70,000 deaths [1,2]. The vast majority of cases occur in the Indian subcontinent, East Africa, the regions bordering the Mediterranean, and northeastern Brazil, with Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum the main causal agents [2]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 2, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Elizabeth Valdivieso, Fabiola Mej ías, Eugenia Carrillo, Carmen Sánchez, Javier Moreno Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Genomic analysis of multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli ST58 causing urosepsis
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) are a phylogenetically diverse group of E. coli that have acquired the ability to colonise anatomical sites distinct from the gastrointestinal tract including the urinary tract, brain and spinal cord, soft tissue sites and bone. ExPEC are classified into three subtypes that include uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), neonatal meningitis associated E. coli (NMEC) and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) [1]. ExPEC also cause nosocomial bloodstream infections in hospitals and nursing homes and are often responsible for respiratory infections and bacteraemia in long-term hospitalized p...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 2, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jessica McKinnon, Piklu Roy Chowdhury, Steven P. Djordjevic Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Predictors of outcome in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (E) are associated with high rates of treatment failure and increased mortality, especially when appropriate antimicrobial therapy is delayed [1-5]. On this basis, the choice of an early effective empirical antibiotic therapy in critically ill patien ts with sepsis and/or septic shock is crucial to reduce the high rates of complications and unfavourable outcome [5]. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - July 2, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: A. Russo, M. Falcone, B. Guti érrez-Gutiérrez, E. Calbo, B. Almirante, P.L. Viale, A. Oliver, P. Ruiz-Garbajosa, O. Gasch, M. Gozalo, J. Pitout, M. Akova, C. Peña, J.M. Cisneros, A. Hernández-Torres, A. Farcomeni, N. Prim, J. Origüen, G. Bou, E. Tacc Source Type: research

Title Page & Editorial Board
(Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - June 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Colistin resistance in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream isolates: evolution over 15 years and temporal association with colistin use by time series analysis
Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) has been established as an important nosocomial pathogen in many geographic areas, causing serious infections associated with increased morbidity and mortality [1-4]. The carbapenemases commonly encountered among CP-Kp isolates are the KPC variants, the zinc-dependent metallo- β-lactamases (VIM, IMP, and NDM types) and the OXA-48 enzymes that inactivate almost all clinically available β-lactams.[4] Virtually all CP-Kp isolates exhibit extensive drug resistance phenotypes and frequently polymyxins (colistin, polymyxin B), tigecycline, and fosfomycin are the only agents...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - June 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Giannoula S. Tansarli, Joseph Papaparaskevas, Mina Balaska, Michael Samarkos, Angeliki Pantazatou, Antonios Markogiannakis, Marina Mantzourani, Katerina Polonyfi, George L. Daikos Source Type: research

Integrons and insertion sequence common region 1 (ISCR1) of carbapenem-non-susceptible Gram-negative bacilli in fecal specimens from 5,000 patients in southern China
Integrons are bacterial genetic elements composed of two conserved regions, a 3 ′-conserved segment (3′-CS) and a 5′-conserved segment (5′-CS) [1]. They capture and express genes within an internal variable region containing mobile gene cassettes that encode antimicrobial resistance determinants. Their mechanisms and mobility, such as the excision and integration of gen e cassettes, are well established [2]. To date, five general classes of integrons have been identified and distinguished. Classes 1–3 are known multidrug-resistant integrons, and may ultimately contribute to the unleashing of ‘superbugs [2, 3]. ...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - June 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yongyu Rui, Wenting Lu, Si Li, Cancan Cheng, Jingjing Sun, Qiu Yang Source Type: research