Dual-energy CT imaging of nasopharyngeal cancer cells using multifunctional gold nanoparticles
In this study, nanoparticles with a size of ∼15 nm were synthesized and characterised using UV-Vis, TEM, FTIR and ICP-OES analyses. The non-toxicity of nanoparticles was confirmed by MTT assay under various concentrations (40–100 µg/ml) and incubation times (6, 12 and 24 h). To develop an algorithm for revealing different concentrations of AuNPs in cells, a corresponding physical phantom filled with 0.5 ml vials containing FA-Cys-AuNPs was used. The CT scan was performed at two energy levels (80 and 140 kVp). One feature of DECT is material decomposition, which allows s...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Influence of surfactants on structural, morphological, optical and antibacterial properties of SnO2 nanoparticles
Tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesised using various surfactants of different charges (n-cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulphate and TRITON X-100) by the co-precipitation method. The synthesised nanomaterials were characterised using different techniques to study their structural, surface morphological, optical and anti-bacterial activities. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of a tetragonal rutile structure in pure and surfactants-aided SnO2 nanoparticles and the results show good agreement with JCPDS data [41-1445]. The crystallite size of SnO2 nanoparticles was found to decrease...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Small-sized probe for local measuring electrical properties of the tissues inside of human body: design, modelling and simulation
In this study, a new idea is suggested for designing an appropriate bio-impedance probe in the form of a biopsy forceps to measure the electrical properties of the tissues inside the body. First, by analytically solving the Laplace equation for wedge-shaped tissue in the mouth of the probe, the relationship between electric potential (results from excitation current) in a different point on the tissue and the electrical properties of the tissue is obtained. Then, to evaluate the designed bio-impedance probe using the finite element method and the experimental data obtained for different tissues by Gabriel et al., modelling...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Human blood test based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technology using different excitation light for nasopharyngeal cancer detection
In this study, a novel blood test (SERS) was carried out for 30 NPC patients and 30 normal ones. Using multi-variate statistical analysis for spectral data, the diagnostic sensitivities of 89.3% (50/56) and 85.7% (48/56) can be achieved for 633 and 785 nm exciting wavelength, respectively. Also corresponding specificities are 71.4% (41/56) and 78.6% (44/56), respectively. These results demonstrated that the two kinds of excitation wavelength all have the feasibility of obtaining high-quality SERS spectra to differentiate cancer from normal samples. Furthermore, the performance of the SERS test with 785 nm wav...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Atorvastatin lipid nanocapsules and gold nanoparticles embedded in injectable thermo-gelling hydrogel scaffold containing adipose tissue extracellular matrix for myocardial tissue regeneration
This study aimed to prepare, optimise, and characterise the novel hybrid hydrogel scaffold containing atorvastatin lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) and gold nanoparticles (NPs) to improve cardiomyoblasts proliferation and regeneration of myocardium. A thermo-responsive aminated guaran (AGG) hydrogel was prepared to encompass extracellular matrix (ECM) fetched from human adipose tissue. Emulsion phase-inversion technique was used to obtain LNCs. Biocompatibility, tensile strength, conductivity, and proliferation of human myocardial cells of the optimised formulation were studied. The LNCs have a spherical shape, and the optimised ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Nucleic acid detection strategy using gold nanoprobe of two diverse origin
This study focused to work on the dengue virus detection in a simplest method using gold nanoparticles probe (AuNPs) with thiol tagged single strand DNA (ss-DNA). A sensitive, fluorescence-based detection strategy was designed to examine and quantified the hybridisation process and also elucidated the behaviour of AuNPs before and after interaction of biomolecule. The detection process was focused on aggregation of gold nanoprobe in the presence of complementary strand (target region). Hence the percentage of aggregation was measured and as a result, the limit of detection was found to be 10−6 dilutions. Current det...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Micro RNA-30b (inhibitor) nanoparticles suppressed the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury
The main aim of present study is to evaluate the effect of miR-30b on the function of human proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 cells. For this purpose, miRNA was loaded in an ionically cross-linked polysaccharide nanoparticle. The authors have demonstrated the influence of miR-30b mimic and inhibitor in HK-2 cell killing effect. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly increased the level of inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α, IL-1β and level was further increased with the treatment of PAg-miR mimic consistent with the cell viability assay. Interestingly, PAg-miR inhibitor significantly downregulated the exp...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Estimation of magnetohydrodynamic radiative nanofluid flow over a porous non-linear stretching surface: application in biomedical research
The present study investigates the effects of thermal radiation and chemical reaction on magnetohydrodynamic flow, heat, and mass transfer characteristics of nanofluids such as Cu–water and Ag–water over a non-linear porous stretching surface in the presence of viscous dissipation and heat generation. Using similarity transformation, the governing boundary layer equations of the problem are transformed into non-linear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically by the shooting method along with the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth–fifth-order integration scheme. The influences of va...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Surface stress-induced membrane biosensor based on double-layer stable gold nanostructures for E. coli detection
This study provides a new preparation method of stable sensitive element for the E. coli detection. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Silver nanoparticles and silver salt (AgNO3) elicits morphogenic and biochemical variations in callus cultures of sugarcane
The research work was arranged to check the role of AgNPs and silver ions on callus cells of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. cv CP-77,400). AgNPs were synthesized chemically and characterized by UV-Vis spectra, XRD and SEM. AgNPs and silver ions were applied in various concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60 ppm) to sugarcane calli and the induced stress was characterized by studying various morphological and biochemical parameters. AgNPs and silver ions treatments produced high levels of malondialdehyde, proline, proteins, TP and TF contents. Similarly, CAT, SOD and POX activity was also significant in both treatments. The lower c...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Self-repair behaviour of the neuronal cell membrane by conductive atomic force indentation
Conductive atomic force indentation (CAFI) was proposed to study the self-repair behaviour of the neuronal cell membrane here. CAFI was used to detect the changes of membrane potentials by performing the mechanical indentation on neurons with a conductive atomic force microscope. In the experiment, a special insulation treatment was made on the conductive probe, which turned out to be a conductive nanoelectrode, to implement the CAFI function. The mechanical properties of the neuronal cell membrane surface were tested and the membrane potential changes of neurons cultured in vitro were detected. The self-repair behaviour o...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Effect of green GO/Au nanocomposite on in-vitro amplification of human DNA
In conclusion, it can be suggested that green GO/Au nanocomposite is a biocompatible and eco-friendly candidate as enhancer of in-vitro molecular amplification strategies. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - December 3, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Pectin-decorated selenium nanoparticles as a nanocarrier of curcumin to achieve enhanced physicochemical and biological properties
In this study, the authors developed pectin-stabilised selenium nanoparticles (pectin-SeNPs) for curcumin (Cur) encapsulation and evaluated their physicochemical properties and biological activities. Results showed that pectin-SeNPs and Cur-loaded pectin-SeNPs (pectin-SeNPs@Cur) exhibited monodisperse and homogeneous spherical structures in aqueous solutions with mean particle sizes of ~61 and ~119 nm, respectively. Cur was successfully encapsulated into pectin-SeNPs through hydrogen bonding interactions with an encapsulation efficiency of ~60.6%, a loading content of ~7.4%, and a pH-dependent and controlled drug release i...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - October 23, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Photo-inactivation of bacteria in hospital effluent via thiolated iron-doped nanoceria
In this study, thiolated iron-doped nanoceria was synthesised and tested for killing of microbes from hospital effluent. These particles were designed to inhibit the efflux pumps of the bacteria found in hospital effluent with further ability to activate in visible light via iron doping thus generating tunable amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The quantum yield of the ROS generated by the nanoceria was 0.67 while the ROS types produced were singlet oxygen (36%), hydroxyl radical (31%) and hydroxyl ions (32%), respectively. The particles were initially synthesised through green route using Foeniculum vulgare seeds ex...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - October 23, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Design and development of artemisinin and dexamethasone loaded topical nanodispersion for the effective treatment of age-related macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease affecting the macula by the new blood vessels formation. AMD is widely treated with a combination of anti-angiogenic and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. The topical administration of nanodispersions showed enhanced ocular residence time with controlled and prolonged drug delivery to the disease site at the back of the eye. In the present study we developed and characterized nanodispersion containing anti-angiogenic (artemisinin) and anti-VEGF agent (dexamethasone) for the topical ocular administration in order to obtain a required drug concentration...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - October 23, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
