Fabrication of antibacterial sponge cleaner using gold nanoclusters
From the dinner table to the office, many surfaces contain bacteria and the threat to human health. In this work, cost-effective antimicrobial foams were developed by the adsorption of lysozyme protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) in sponges. Antibacterial activities of the prepared antibacterial AuNCs were evaluated using typical Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). The antibacterial foams were further fabricated by the absorption of the positively charged AuNCs in the negatively charged sponges. The inhibitions of bacteria on random surfaces, such as mobile phones, ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Hepatic histopathological and ultrastructural alterations induced by 10 nm silver nanoparticles
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are invested in various sectors and are becoming more persistent in our ambient environment with potential risk on our health and the ecosystems. The current study aims to investigate the histological, histochemical and ultrastructural hepatic changes that might be induced by 10 nm silver nanomaterials. Male mice (BALB/C) were exposed for 35 injections of daily dose of 10 nm Ag NPs (2 mg/kg). Liver tissues were subjected to examination by light and electron microscopy for histological, histochemical and ultrastructural alterations. Exposure to Ag NPs induced Kupffer cells ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Superparamagnetic cobalt ferrite nanoparticles as T2 contrast agent in MRI: in vitro study
Conclusion: CoFe2O4 synthesized in this study could be considered as a suitable T2 weighted contrast agent because of its high r2/r1 value. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Relative larvicidal property of common oxide nanostructures against Culex quinquefasciatus
Common oxide nanostructures such as silicon-di-oxide, magnesium-oxide, zinc-oxide, and copper-oxide (CuO) having useful functional and bioactive properties have been synthesised and characterised. All these nanostructures have been found to be larvicidal towards Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito especially against lower instars in comparison with higher instars in 48 h. Only, CuO is larvicidal against late instar stages after 48 h. Moreover, CuO is larvicidal against first instar stages after 24 h (LC50 157 mg/l). However, none of these nanostructures are pupicidal. Post mortality larval morpholog...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Tomato response to metal nanoparticles introduction into the nutrient medium
This study is aimed to explore the capacity of metal nanoparticles (NPs) iron, zinc, copper and their combinations introduced in the Murashige–Skoog (MS) nutrient medium (NM) to affect the growth and development of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.). NPs were prepared by a flow-levitation method. Metal NPs were characterised by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis. Average NPs diameters were: iron – 27.0 nm, zinc – 54.0 nm, copper – 79.0 nm. MS NM was modified by substitution of common metal sulphates by neutral metal NPs instead of salts....
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Inhibitory effect of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles on the pattern of expression of lanosterol 14α-demethylase (ERG11) in fluconazole-resistant colonising isolate of Candida albicans
Fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans is a big scary reality. The authors assessed the antifungal effects of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles on fluconazole-resistant colonising isolate of C. albicans and determined the expression of ERG11 gene, protein sequence similarity and ergosterol content. C. albicans isolates were characterised and fluconazole resistance is recognised using World Health Organization's WHONET software. Susceptibility testing of magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles against fluconazole-resistant colonising isolate of C. albicans was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute gui...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
In vivo study of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody-based iron oxide nanoparticles (anti-EGFR-SPIONs) as a novel MR imaging contrast agent for lung cancer (LLC1) cells detection
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody (anti-EGFR-SPIONs) were characterised, and its cytotoxicity effects, ex vivo and in vivo studies on Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) cells in C57BL/6 mice were investigated. The broadband at 679.96 cm−1 relates to Fe–O, which verified the formation of the anti-EGFR-Mab with SPIONs was obtained by the FTIR. The TEM images showed spherical shape 20 and 80 nm-sized for nanoparticles and the anti-EGFR-SPIONs, respectively. Results of cell viability at 24 h after incubation ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Fabrication, calibration, and preliminary testing of microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor for BioMEMS applications
In this study, the authors demonstrate the fabrication, calibration, and testing of a piezoresistive microcantilever-based sensor for biomedical microelectromechanical system (BioMEMS) application. To use any sensor in BioMEMS application requires surface modification to capture the targeted biomolecules. The surface alteration comprises self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formation on gold (Au)/chromium (Cr) thin films. So, the Au/Cr coating is essential for most of the BioMEMS applications. The fabricated sensor uses the piezoresistive technique to capture the targeted biomolecules with the SAM/Au/Cr layer on top of the silic...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Upconversion nanotubes with tunable fluorescence properties based on Gd2O2S:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Yb3+, Er3+) and derivatives for photodynamic therapy
In this study, Gd2O2S:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Yb3+, Er3+) upconversion nanotubes (UCNTs) were synthesised by using Gd(OH)3:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Yb3+, Er3+) nanotubes as the template. The luminescent and biological properties of Gd2O2S:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Yb3+, Er3+) UCNTs, along with photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications of the Gd2O2S:8%Yb3+,2%Er3+ UCNT–Ce6 (chlorin e6) nanocomposites, were systematically studied. The resultant UCNTs showed excellent biocompatibility with human retinal pigment cells (ARPE-19) even after a prolonged incubation time of 72 h, and could be used as luminescent pr...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - July 24, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Sialic acid-conjugated PLGA nanoparticles enhance the protective effect of lycopene in chemotherapeutic drug-induced kidney injury
Lycopene (LYC) is known to protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals in human tissues. In the present study, the authors designed a LYC-loaded sialic acid (SA)-conjugated poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticle (LYC-NP) to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of LYC in acute kidney injury. The characteristics of the LYC-NPs were defined according to particle size, morphology, and in vitro drug release. The LYC-NPs exhibited a controlled release of LYC over 48 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy clearly highlighted the targeting potential of SA. Enhanced green fluorescence was observed for ...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 29, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Analytical study of biosynthesised silver nanoparticles against multi-drug resistant biofilm-forming pathogens
The emergence of the huge number of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria requires an alternative to the drugs. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a strong candidate for this due to their bactericidal properties, which can be better concluded by understanding their morphology and chemistry. The study hypothesised that AgNPs synthesised using leaves of Syzygium cumini can be used to treat locally emerging MDRs forming biofilms on indwelling medical devices. Synthesised particles were characterised by methods like UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron micros...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 29, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles and two-dimensional element distribution in Arabidopsis
In conclusion, this is the first report of the AgNP synthesis in Arabidopsis living plants and its 2D distribution of important elements, which provide a new clue for further research. (Source: IET Nanobiotechnology)
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 29, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Assessment of in-vivo biocompatibility evaluation of phytogenic gold nanoparticles on Wistar albino male rats
This study is to prepare phytosynthesis AuNPs from ten different Cassia sp. Among them, the aqueous leaf extract of C. roxburghii produced greater efficient and stable AuNPs. The AuNPs were optimised for different physicochemical conditions. Highly stable AuNPs were synthesised at pH 7.0, 37°C, 1.0 ml of C. roxburghii leaf extract and 1.0 mM concentration of HAuCl4 with the particle size of ∼50 nm and these AuNPs were stable up to 12 months. To determine the safety profile of AuNPs in-vivo, the nanoparticles were injected intravenously into male Wistar albino rats in varying dosages. The au...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 29, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Studies on binding of single-stranded DNA with reduced graphene oxide–silver nanocomposites
The binding reaction of reduced graphene oxide–silver nanocomposites (rGO–AgNCs) with calf thymus single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was studied by ultraviolet–visible absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD), using berberine hemisulphate (BR) dye as a fluorescence probe. The absorbance of ssDNA increases, but the fluorescence intensity is quenched with the addition of rGO–AgNCs. The binding of rGO–AgNCs with ssDNA was able to increase the quenching effects of BR and ssDNA, and induce the changes in CD spectra. All of the evidence indicated that there was a relatively st...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 29, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
Synthesis and characterisation of LiB3O5 nanophosphor as a TL dosimeter
In this work, lithium triborate (LiB3O5) nanophosphor was synthesised by precipitation assisted high-temperature solid-state method followed by heating at different sintering temperatures. Then, its crystal structure and morphology were fully characterised. LiB3O5 was doped with different concentrations of different dopants. To determine the thermoluminescence (TL) properties and structural specifications of doped lithium triborate, the sample was irradiated by photons and then, its TL glow curve was obtained using a TL dosimeter-reader system. To study the effect of heating rate (HR) on TL characterisation of this nanopho...
Source: IET Nanobiotechnology - May 29, 2020 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research
