Modeling Superimposed Preeclampsia Using Ang II (Angiotensin II) Infusion in Pregnant Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive RatsNovelty and Significance [Preeclampsia]
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the second leading cause of maternal deaths worldwide. Superimposed preeclampsia is an increasingly common problem and often associated with impaired placental perfusion. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing treatment options are crucial. The pregnant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat has impaired uteroplacental blood flow and abnormal uterine artery remodeling. We used Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion in pregnant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats to mimic the increased cardiovascular stress associated with superimposed preeclampsia and examine ...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hannah L. Morgan, Elaine Butler, Shona Ritchie, Florian Herse, Ralf Dechend, Elisabeth Beattie, Martin W. McBride, Delyth Graham Tags: ACE/Angiotensin Receptors/Renin Angiotensin System, Animal Models of Human Disease, Hypertension, Preeclampsia Original Articles Source Type: research
Aspirin Effect on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Associated With Stage 1 Hypertension in a High-Risk CohortNovelty and Significance [Pregnancy and Hypertension]
Recently, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines revised the recommendations for diagnosis of chronic hypertension. The new classification system includes a diagnosis of stage 1 hypertension in adults with blood pressures 130 to 139/80 to 89 mm Hg. We sought to compare outcomes among women at high risk for preeclampsia with stage 1 hypertension and assessed whether women with stage 1 hypertension had benefit from aspirin treatment compared with high-risk normotensive women. We performed a secondary analysis of the high-risk aspirin trial and included women...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alisse Hauspurg, Elizabeth F. Sutton, Janet M. Catov, Steve N. Caritis Tags: Hypertension, Preeclampsia Original Articles Source Type: research
Maternal Exposure to Ambient Particulate Matter
Exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with greater risk of elevated blood pressure (BP) in adults and children. Recent evidence suggests that air pollution exposure in pregnancy may also portend increased risk for the next generation; however, few studies have examined this relationship. We conducted a prospective study of 1293 mothers in the Boston Birth Cohort (enrolled 1998–2012) and their children who had follow-up visits between 3 and 9 years of age and complete exposure and outcome data. Our primary exposure, ambient particulate matter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentration during pregnancy, was estimated...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mingyu Zhang, Noel T. Mueller, Hongjian Wang, Xiumei Hong, Lawrence J. Appel, Xiaobin Wang Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Pediatrics, Pregnancy, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research
Activin A and Late Postpartum Cardiac Dysfunction Among Women With Hypertensive Disorders of PregnancyNovelty and Significance [Pregnancy and Hypertension]
Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have an increased risk of subsequent heart failure and cardiovascular disease when compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. Although the mechanisms underlying these findings are unclear, elevated levels of the biomarker activin A are associated with myocardial dysfunction and may have predictive value. We hypothesized that elevated levels of antepartum activin A levels would correlate with postpartum cardiac dysfunction in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We prospectively studied 85 women to determine whether increased antepartum activin A levels were ...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sajid Shahul, Hadi Ramadan, Junaid Nizamuddin, Ariel Mueller, Vijal Patel, John Dreixler, Avery Tung, Roberto M. Lang, Lynn Weinert, Rabab Nasim, Sireesha Chinthala, Sarosh Rana Tags: Biomarkers Original Articles Source Type: research
Reduction in Regulatory T Cells in Early Pregnancy Causes Uterine Artery Dysfunction in MiceNovelty and Significance [Pregnancy and Hypertension]
Preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and miscarriage remain important causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. These complications are associated with reduced numbers of a specialized T lymphocyte subset called regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the maternal circulation, decidua, and placenta. Treg cells suppress inflammation and prevent maternal immunity toward the fetus, which expresses foreign paternal alloantigens. Treg cells are demonstrated to contribute to vascular homeostasis, but whether Treg cells influence the vascular adaptations essential for a healthy pregnancy is unknown. Thus, using a mo...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alison S. Care, Stephane L. Bourque, Jude S. Morton, Emma P. Hjartarson, Sarah A. Robertson, Sandra T. Davidge Tags: Basic Science Research, Vascular Biology, Pregnancy Original Articles Source Type: research
Evaluation of Sildenafil and Tadalafil for Reversing Constriction of Fetal Arteries in a Human Placenta Perfusion ModelNovelty and Significance [Pregnancy and Hypertension]
This study supports human clinical trials exploring sildenafil as a potential treatment for improving fetal blood flow in fetal growth restriction associated with vasoconstriction. (Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Robert B. Walton, Luckey C. Reed, Sarah M. Estrada, Stacey S. Schmiedecke, Diana L. Villazana-Kretzer, Peter G. Napolitano, Nicholas Ieronimakis Tags: Vascular Biology Original Articles Source Type: research
Blood Pressure Patterns and Subsequent Coronary Artery Calcification in Women Who Delivered Preterm BirthsNovelty and Significance [Pregnancy and Hypertension]
Women who delivered preterm infants have excess cardiovascular disease, but vascular pathways linking these conditions are not understood. We considered that higher blood pressure over 25 years among women with preterm delivery may be associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC). The CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) enrolled 1049 black and white women with births between 1985 and 2010 (n=272 ever preterm [ (Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Janet M. Catov, Gabrielle G. Snyder, Abigail Fraser, Cora E. Lewis, Kiang Liu, Andrew D. Althouse, Marnie Bertolet, Erica P. Gunderson Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Pregnancy, Women Original Articles Source Type: research
Impact of Pituitary-Gonadal Axis Hormones on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in MenNovelty and Significance [Pulmonary Hypertension]
The association of sex hormone (estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone) with cardiopulmonary disease has already attracted great attention, especially in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the impact of sex hormones and their pituitary stimulators (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) on PAH in men remains unclear. We conducted a prospective cohort study recruiting 95 patients with idiopathic PAH from 2008 to 2014 and following up for a median of 65 months for death. Compared with control, abnormal plasma levels of sex hormones were more common in patients with PAH. Higher estradiol and est...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wen-Hui Wu, Ping Yuan, Si-Jin Zhang, Xin Jiang, Cheng Wu, Yuan Li, Shao-Fei Liu, Qian-Qian Liu, Jing-Hui Li, Bigyan Pudasaini, Qing-Hua Hu, Jocelyn Dupuis, Zhi-Cheng Jing Tags: Risk Factors, Pulmonary Hypertension, Prognosis Original Articles Source Type: research
Dynamic Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients With Alzheimer DiseaseNovelty and Significance [Brain]
In conclusion, the key mechanisms to control blood pressure and cerebral blood flow are not reduced in 2 stages of Alzheimer disease compared with controls, both in rest and during orthostatic changes that reflect daily life challenges. (Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rianne A.A. de Heus, Daan L.K. de Jong, Marit L. Sanders, Gerrita J. van Spijker, Madelijn H. Oudegeest-Sander, Maria T. Hopman, Brian A. Lawlor, Marcel G.M. Olde Rikkert, Jurgen A.H.R. Claassen Tags: Hemodynamics, Aging, Blood Pressure, Cognitive Impairment Original Articles Source Type: research
Endothelial Cell Tetrahydrobiopterin Modulates Sensitivity to Ang (Angiotensin) II-Induced Vascular Remodeling, Blood Pressure, and Abdominal Aortic AneurysmNovelty and Significance [Vascular Remodeling]
GTPCH (GTP cyclohydrolase 1, encoded by Gch1) is required for the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin; a critical regulator of endothelial NO synthase function. We have previously shown that mice with selective loss of Gch1 in endothelial cells have mild vascular dysfunction, but the consequences of endothelial cell tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in vascular disease pathogenesis are unknown. We investigated the pathological consequence of Ang (angiotensin) II infusion in endothelial cell Gch1 deficient (Gch1fl/flTie2cre) mice. Ang II (0.4 mg/kg per day, delivered by osmotic minipump) caused a significant decrease in circulati...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Surawee Chuaiphichai, Victoria S. Rashbrook, Ashley B. Hale, Lucy Trelfa, Jyoti Patel, Eileen McNeill, Craig A. Lygate, Keith M. Channon, Gillian Douglas Tags: Pathophysiology, Vascular Biology, Hypertension, Vascular Disease Original Articles Source Type: research
Potential Protective Mechanism in the Cardiac Microvascular InjuryNovelty and Significance [Heart]
This study was performed to determine the detailed role of TRPV1 in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in T2DM. T2DM mice were established by multiple injections of low-dose streptozotocin and high-fat feeding. CMECs were cultured separately in mediums of normal glucose, high glucose (HG), high fatty acid (HF), and HG plus HF (HG-HF). HG-HF inhibited TRPV1 expression in CMECs, reducing cellular Ca2+ content ([Ca2+]i). T2DM impaired cardiac function, disturbed glucose uptake, and damaged microvascular barrier, which were further aggravated by TRPV1−/−. Exposure to HG-HF, particularly in TRPV1−/− CMECs, ...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xiuchuan Li, Juanni Hou, Jin Du, Jian Feng, Yi Yang, Yang Shen, Sha Chen, Juan Feng, Dachun Yang, De Li, Haifeng Pei, Yongjian Yang Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Cell Signaling/Signal Transduction Original Articles Source Type: research
Atrial Fibrillation Detection During 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure MonitoringNovelty and Significance [Heart]
This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of a novel 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitor (Microlife WatchBP O3 Afib) with implemented algorithm for automated atrial fibrillation (AF) detection during each ABP measurement. One hundred subjects (mean age 70.6±8.2 [SD] years; men 53%; hypertensives 85%; 17 with permanent AF; 4 paroxysmal AF; and 79 non-AF) had simultaneous 24-hour ABP monitoring and 24-hour Holter monitoring. Among a total of 6410 valid ABP readings, 1091 (17%) were taken in ECG AF rhythm. In reading-to-reading ABP analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ABP monitoring in detect...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anastasios Kollias, Antonios Destounis, Petros Kalogeropoulos, Konstantinos G. Kyriakoulis, Angeliki Ntineri, George S. Stergiou Tags: Atrial Fibrillation, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research
Antihypertensive Treatment Fails to Control Blood Pressure During ExerciseNovelty and Significance [Exercise Blood Pressure]
An exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response to maximal exercise is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality. It is unclear whether treating BP to guideline recommended levels could normalize the rise in BP during exercise, which is mediated by the metaboreflex. We aimed to assess the BP response to incremental exercise testing and metaboreflex activation in treated–controlled hypertension (n=16), treated–uncontrolled hypertension (n=16), and untreated hypertension (n=11) and 16 control participants with normal BP (n=16). All groups were matched for age and body mass index. BP was measured duri...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Benjamin Chant, Majda Bakali, Thomas Hinton, Amy E. Burchell, Angus K. Nightingale, Julian F.R. Paton, Emma C. Hart Tags: High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research
Trajectories of Childhood Blood Pressure and Adult Left Ventricular HypertrophyNovelty and Significance [Childhood Blood Pressure]
This longitudinal study aims to characterize longitudinal blood pressure (BP) trajectories from childhood and examine the impact of level-independent childhood BP trajectories on adult left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and remodeling patterns. The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1154 adults (787 whites and 367 blacks) who had repeated measurements of BP 4 to 15 times from childhood (4–19 years) to adulthood (20–51 years) and assessment of echocardiographic LV dimensions in adulthood. Model-estimated levels and linear slopes of BP at childhood age points were calculated in 1-year intervals using the growth curve param...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tao Zhang, Shengxu Li, Lydia Bazzano, Jiang He, Paul Whelton, Wei Chen Tags: Epidemiology, Hypertrophy, High Blood Pressure Original Articles Source Type: research
Common Carotid Artery Diameter and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and MortalityNovelty and Significance [Epidemiology/Population]
Carotid arterial diameter enlargement is a manifestation of arterial remodeling and may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the association between carotid artery diameter and risk of stroke, coronary heart disease, CVD, and all-cause mortality and explored whether the associations could be explained by processes involved in arterial remodeling, that is, blood pressure–related media thickening, arterial stiffness, arterial wall stress, and atherosclerosis. We included 4887 participants (mean age 67±9 years; 54% women) from 4 cohort studies: Rotterdam Study, NEPHROTEST, Hoorn Study, and a stud...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sanaz Sedaghat, Thomas T. van Sloten, Stephane Laurent, Gerard M. London, Bruno Pannier, Maryam Kavousi, Francesco Mattace–Raso, Oscar H. Franco, Pierre Boutouyrie, M. Arfan Ikram, Coen D.A. Stehouwer Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Ultrasound, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Articles Source Type: research
