Historical trends in the grade of onset and sequence of cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use among adolescents from 1976-2016: implications for “Gateway” patterns in adolescence
Psychoactive substance use tends to begin in adolescence and early adulthood in a predictable sequence. Adolescents who use substances most often begin with those that are licit for adults and more readily available, such as alcohol and tobacco, and then a proportion of those will experiment with marijuana and other drugs (Kandel and Kandel, 2015; Ramo et al., 2012; Wall et al., 2018). Indeed, historically, few adolescents who use marijuana have not experimented with alcohol and cigarettes beforehand. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 24, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Katherine M. Keyes, Caroline Rutherford, Richard Miech Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Approaches for Creating Comparable Measures of Alcohol Use Symptoms: Harmonization with Eight Studies of Criminal Justice Populations
The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and other National Institutes of Health partners initiated the STTR (Seek-Test-Treat-Retain, referencing the HIV treatment cascade) Research Harmonization Initiative to create the largest prospective data collection and harmonization effort (Chandler et al., 2015). The initiative serves as an example for creating partnerships between government agencies and study investigators at the point of project inception with the goal of eventual data harmonization (i.e., creating comparable measures in different data sets for pooled analyses across studies). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrea M. Hussong, Nisha C. Gottfredson, Dan J. Bauer, Patrick J. Curran, Maleeha Haroon, Redonna Chandler, Shoshana Y. Kahana, Joseph A.C. Delaney, Frederick L. Altice, Curt G. Beckwith, Daniel J. Feaster, Patrick M. Flynn, Michael S. Gordon, Kevin Knigh Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
PrEP awareness, eligibility, and interest among people who inject drugs in Baltimore, Maryland
People who inject drugs (PWID) have been central to the HIV/AIDS epidemic for over 30 years, with the World Health Organization estimating that about 19% are living with HIV globally (Mathers et al., 2008). In 2015, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) determined that 6% of HIV diagnoses in the U.S. were attributable to injection drug use (IDU) and another 3% to male-to-male sexual contact and IDU (CDC, 2016). The most successful, evidence-based HIV prevention effort targeting PWID is syringe service programs (SSPs), which have significantly reduced the incidence of HIV and HCV infections among PWID over th...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Susan G. Sherman, Kristin E. Schneider, Ju Nyeong Park, Sean T. Allen, Derrick Hunt, C. Patrick Chaulk, Brian W. Weir Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
DSM-5 cannabis withdrawal syndrome: Demographic and clinical correlates in U.S. adults
In U.S. adults, cannabis use and cannabis use disorders (CUD) are increasing (Carliner et al., 2017; Charilaou et al., 2017; Compton et al., 2004; Gubatan et al., 2016; Hasin et al., 2015b, 2017) as is cannabis potency (ElSohly et al., 2016). Cannabis use is associated with mental and physical health problems (Hall et al., 2001; Hasin et al., 2016). Abrupt reduction or termination of long-term, frequent cannabis use is associated with a withdrawal syndrome, which includes behavioral, emotional, and physical symptoms (Budney et al., 2004). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Ofir Livne, Dvora Shmulewitz, Shaul Lev-Ran, Deborah S. Hasin Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 20, 2018 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Propylene glycol, a major electronic cigarette constituent, attenuates the adverse effects of high-dose nicotine as measured by intracranial self-stimulation in rats
In response to the dramatic increase in the popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECs), the Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products (FDA CTP) recently extended its regulatory authority to these products (Backinger et al., 2016; Barraza et al., 2017; Chang et al., 2017; Cobb and Sonti, 2016; National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2018). Effective FDA regulation of ECs requires characterization of the pharmacological determinants of their abuse liability. While it is generally accepted that nicotine is the primary addictive constituent in tobacco products including ECs, other constituents (e...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrew C. Harris, Peter Muelken, Zach Haave, Yayi Swain, John R. Smethells, Mark G. LeSage Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Civil Commitment Experiences among Opioid Users
Roughly 11.8 million people in the United States (U.S.) misused heroin or prescription opioids in 2016 (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2017) while 626,000 met criteria for heroin use disorder and 1.8 million for prescription opioid use disorder (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2017). From 2001 to 2013, the U.S. prevalence of prescription opioid use doubled and that of heroin use disorder more than tripled (Martins et al., 2017; Saha et al., 2016). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Paul P. Christopher, Bradley Anderson, Michael D. Stein Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
A Hidden Aspect of the U.S. Opioid Crisis: Rise in First-time Treatment Admissions for Older Adults with Opioid Use Disorder
The opioid crisis has affected Americans from all walks of life. The rate of U.S. adults engaging in non-medical prescription opioid use has declined in recent years, yet the overall rate of illicit opioid use (including heroin and prescription opioids) and opioid use disorder (OUD) continues to rise (Jones, 2017). Older adults may have been overlooked as a potentially vulnerable population during this nation-wide tragedy. Although alcohol remains the most common substance use problem among older adults (Han et al., 2017a), illicit drug use is becoming more common in this population. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrew S. Huhn, Eric C. Strain, D. Andrew Tompkins, Kelly E. Dunn Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Propylene glycol, a major electronic cigarette constituent, attenuates the adverse effects of high dose nicotine as measured by intracranial self-stimulation in rats
In response to the dramatic increase in the popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECs), the Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products (FDA CTP) recently extended its regulatory authority to these products (Backinger et al., 2016; Barraza et al., 2017; Chang et al., 2017; Cobb and Sonti, 2016; National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2018). Effective FDA regulation of ECs requires characterization of the pharmacological determinants of their abuse liability. While it is generally accepted that nicotine is the primary addictive constituent in tobacco products including ECs, other constituents (e...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrew C. Harris, Peter Muelken, Zach Haave, Yayi Swain, John R. Smethells, Mark G. LeSage Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Substance misuse in patients who have comorbid chronic pain in a clinical population receiving methadone maintenance therapy for the treatment of opioid dependence
Chronic pain is highly prevalent in treatment-seeking, opioid-dependent populations with between 36% and 68% affected (Barry et al., 2013; Tsui et al., 2016). Thus, chronic pain is an important clinical condition to be considered by addiction specialists. Furthermore, patients in receipt of opioid agonist therapy (OAT) who have comorbid chronic pain are associated with relatively poor health and substance use treatment outcomes, further complicating the delivery of effective treatment in substance misuse services. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Cassie Higgins, Blair H Smith, Keith Matthews Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Stimulus effects of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin in electronic cigarette liquids
Electronic cigarette (EC) use has been continually increasing in the United States (Bao et al., 2018), and there is debate on the extent ECs reduce harms associated with conventional tobacco smoking relative to causing new public health problems. Most EC liquids comprise of propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG) (e.g., 80-97%, Han et al., 2016). Stimulus effects from conventional cigarettes (CCs), such as airway sensory effects (e.g., strength of the puffs in the chest, throat), are associated with subjective liking (Westman et al., 1996), and PG/VG may alter stimulus effects of ECs. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Arit Harvanko, Richard Kryscio, Catherine Martin, Thomas Kelly Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Associations of the Stoptober smoking cessation program with information seeking for smoking cessation: a Google trends study
Tobacco use kills around 6 million people worldwide every year and is the main cause of premature death (World Health Organization, WHO., 2008,2017). In 2016, the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the Netherlands was estimated at 24.1% (Volksgezondheidenzorg.info, 2017). In 2011, 80% of smokers wanted to quit and 26% attempted to quit in the previous year (STIVORO, 2012). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 18, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Alieke Tieks, Sigrid A Troelstra, Trynke Hoekstra, Anton E Kunst Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Past-month cannabis use among U.S. individuals from 2002 –2015: An age-period-cohort analysis
Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug among adolescents and adults in the United States (U.S.) (Haberstick et al., 2014; CBHSQ, 2015; Volkow et al., 2014). As of 2015, an estimated 1 in 5 young adults (aged 18 –25) were current users of cannabis (CBHSQ, 2016). However, less is known about how trends of cannabis use are changing in the context of changing social norms and state-level policies in the U.S. Understanding trends in cannabis use among U.S. individuals is an essential step toward developing he alth policy, health education, and targeted interventions to mitigate potential adverse health effects from c...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 17, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Devika Chawla, Yang C. Yang, Tania A. Desrosiers, Daniel J. Westreich, Andrew F. Olshan, Julie L. Daniels Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Trends and correlates of perceived access to heroin among young adults in the United States, 2002 –2016
We are at a unique moment in United States (US) history as heroin overdose rates are higher than at any time in recent memory (National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA], 2018a). Indeed, with nearly daily reports in the news and social media, the tremendous negative consequences related to the opioid epidemic have captured the nation ’s attention. These include increases in opioid-related social and health care spending, drug-related arrests, opioid use disorder, and opioid overdose mortality (Dart et al., 2015; Florence et al., 2016; Martins et al., 2017; Palamar et al., 2016; Rudd et al., 2016). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 17, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Sehun Oh, Michael G. Vaughn, Jordana Muroff, Maryann Amodeo, Jorge Delva Source Type: research
An improved model of ethanol and nicotine co-use in female P rats: Effects of naltrexone, varenicline, and the selective nicotinic α6β2* antagonist r-bPiDI
Approximately 14% of the U.S. population meets criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD) (Grant et al., 2015), and approximately 70% of these individuals meet criteria for tobacco use disorder (TUD) (Falk et al., 2006), making this combination (AUD-TUD polysubstance abuse) highly prevalent in the United States and worldwide (for review see Van Skike et al., 2016). Although pharmacotherapies are available for AUD or TUD individually, it may be possible to develop a single pharmacotherapeutic agent to treat heavy drinking tobacco smokers through targeting common mechanisms mediating AUDs and TUDs (Roche et al., 2016). (Source:...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - October 17, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Sarah E. Maggio, Meredith A. Saunders, Kimberly Nixon, Mark A. Prendergast, Guangrong Zheng, Peter A. Crooks, Linda P. Dwoskin, Richard L. Bell, Michael T. Bardo Source Type: research
