(-)-Stepholidine reduces cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking and cocaine self-administration in rats
Drug use is a prevalent problem in the United States; in 2016 roughly 1.9 million people aged 12 or older were current users of cocaine (Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, 2017). Cocaine addiction is classified as a maladaptive cycle of use (often binge-like), abstinence and relapse. A major obstacle in the treatment of cocaine addiction is the prevention of relapse, itself caused by craving often induced by cocaine-associated cues (Childress et al., 1988; Tiffany, 1990; O ’Brien et al., 1998). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 31, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: M. Manuszak, W. Harding, S. Gadhiya, R. Ranaldi Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Marijuana use among adolescent multiple tobacco product users and unique risks of dual tobacco and marijuana use
There is growing recognition of the high co-occurrence between tobacco and marijuana use (Agrawal et al., 2012; Berg et al., 2015; Enofe et al., 2014; Pinsker et al., 2013; Schauer et al., 2016; Sutfin et al., 2012; White et al., 2015; Yates et al., 2014). Tobacco use typically precedes marijuana use (Beenstock and Rahav, 2002; Kandel and Kandel, 2015), implicating tobacco use as a risk factor for marijuana use. Nearly half of high school students report having tried a tobacco product (Arrazola et al., 2014), and adolescents with even infrequent tobacco use demonstrate symptoms of nicotine dependence (Apelberg et al., 2014...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 31, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Kim Pulvers, Cliff Ridenour, Anna Woodcock, Micah J. Savin, Gabriel Holguin, Sharon Hamill, Devan R. Romero Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Impact of e-liquid flavors on e-cigarette vaping behavior
The public health effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), like other tobacco products, are strongly influenced by their dependency potential and abuse liability (Carter et al., 2009). A recent comprehensive review of the public health effects of e-cigarettes by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) found substantial evidence that e-cigarette use results in symptoms of dependence on e-cigarettes (National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine, 2018). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 31, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Gideon St.Helen, Marian Shahid, Sherman Chu, Neal L. Benowitz Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Pregabalin misuse in methadone maintenance treatment patients in Israel: Prevalence and risk factors
Pregabalin is a GABA analog that binds to the alpha 2-delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels. It belongs to the gabapentinoid family together with gabapentin. Pregabalin is recognized as efficacious in pathologies, such as epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and anxiety disorders (Ianni et al., 2017), and it is commonly used as an adjunct for the treatment of chronic pain (Bockbrader et al., 2010). The usage of gabapentinoids has increased internationally, from 0.5% in 2007 to 5.5% in 2015 in Ireland (Daly et al., 2018), from 1.2% in 2002 to 3.9% in 2015 in the USA (Johansen, 2018), and by 350% over 5 years in the UK ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Anat Sason, Miriam Adelson, Shaul Schreiber, Einat Peles Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Trends in engagement in the cascade of care for opioid use disorder, Vancouver, Canada, 2006 –2016
North America is facing a public health crisis from opioid-related morbidity and mortality. More than 42,000 people in the United States (U.S.) died from an opioid overdose in 2016, and it is estimated that over 2.5 million Americans have an opioid use disorder (OUD) (Seth et al., 2018). In Canada, some jurisdictions are facing similar overdose epidemics, largely as a result of illicitly manufactured fentanyl and related analogues (BC Coroners Service, 2018; Gomes et al., 2017). For example, in British Columbia (BC) there were over 1400 illicit drug overdose deaths in 2017 (30.1 deaths per 100,000 individuals), an almost t...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: M. Eugenia Soc ías, Evan Wood, Thomas Kerr, Seonaid Nolan, Kanna Hayashi, Ekaterina Nosova, Julio Montaner, M.-J. Milloy Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Increased expression of CRF and CRF-receptors in dorsal striatum, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex after the development of nicotine sensitization in rats
Nicotine dependence drives the habit of smoking, which causes a heavy load of disease and death, as smoking is one of the largest contributors to preventable morbidity and mortality (GBD 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators, 2016; World Health Organization(WHO), 2017). Inhaled nicotine reaches the brain, where it binds and activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (Hurst et al., 2013; Zoli et al., 2015) in several brain regions, including the mesocorticolimbic regions involved in the reward system (Picciotto and Kenny, 2013). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Lucia Carboni, Benedetto Romoli, Simon T. Bate, Patrizia Romualdi, Michele Zoli Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Cognitive impairment associated with cocaine use: the role of co-existent alcohol abuse/dependence
Cocaine is one of the most used recreational drugs in the western world: 4.1% of the population between 15 and 64 in Europe have tried it at least once (EMCDDA, 2010), with the rates in Spain (where the present study was carried out) being higher at 8.9% (OEDT, 2017). Rates of problematic use are more difficult to estimate, but referrals for treatment for cocaine use in England were slightly over 10,000 in 2014 (ACMD, 2015) and over 900,000 individuals in the USA met criteria for abuse or dependence in the same year (SAMHSA, 2014). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Laura Blanco-Presas, Ana Moreno-Alc ázar, Silvia Alonso-Lana, Raymond Salvador, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Peter McKenna Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
State naloxone access laws are associated with an increase in the number of naloxone prescriptions dispensed in retail pharmacies
The opioid epidemic was recently declared a national public health emergency (The White House, 2017). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the number of overdose deaths involving opioids quadrupled between 1999 and 2015, and drug overdose death is now the leading cause of death among Americans under 50 years of age (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). While prescription opioids have driven much of this increase in opioid overdoses, overdose deaths from illicit opioids such as heroin and illicitly produced fentanyl analogs have risen sharply in recent years (Centers for Disease C...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Jing Xu, Corey S. Davis, Marisa Cruz, Peter Lurie Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Crude estimates of prescription opioid-related misuse and use disorder populations towards informing intervention system need in Canada
Opioid-related harms – popularly dubbed the ‘opioid crisis’ – continue to negatively impact public health in Canada on an unprecedented scale, primarily as a consequence of years of excessive opioid prescribing (Fischer et al., 2016b; Fischer et al., 2017; Gladstone et al., 2015; Gomes et al., 2017). Concrete na tional population-level data on key parameters of opioid use and harms are available mainly for two major indicators: 1) ‘upstream’ (e.g., volume of prescription opioids (POs) dispensed medically, and 2) ‘downstream’ (e.g., opioid-related mortality and morbidity). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Benedikt Fischer, Thepikaa Varatharajan, Kevin Shield, J ürgen Rehm, Wayne Jones Source Type: research
Trends in engagement in the cascade of care for opioid use disorder, Vancouver, Canada, 2006-2016
North America is facing a public health crisis from opioid-related morbidity and mortality. More than 42,000 people in the United States (U.S.) died from an opioid overdose in 2016, and it is estimated that over 2.5 million Americans have an opioid use disorder (OUD) (Seth et al., 2018). In Canada, some jurisdictions are facing similar overdose epidemics, largely as a result of illicitly manufactured fentanyl and related analogues (BC Coroners Service, 2018; Gomes et al., 2017). For example, in British Columbia (BC) there were over 1,400 illicit drug overdose deaths in 2017 (30.1 deaths per 100,000 individuals), an almost ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 29, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: M. Eugenia Soc ías, Evan Wood, Thomas Kerr, Seonaid Nolan, Kanna Hayashi, Ekaterina Nosova, Julio Montaner, M-J Milloy Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Hypocretin/orexin antagonists decrease cocaine self-administration by female rhesus monkeys
The neuropeptides hypocretin-1 and -2 or orexin-1 and orexin-2 (de Lecea et al., 1998; Sakurai et al., 1998) derive from the lateral hypothalamus and project throughout the brain (Koob, 2008). Hypocretins interact with the noradrenergic, cholinergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic systems as well as with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In concert, these actions have been shown to modulate sleep-wake regulation, energy homeostasis, motivational activation, and stress responsivity (Carter et al., 2009; Giardino and de Lecea, 2014; Sutcliffe and de Lecea, 2002). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Richard W. Foltin, Suzette M. Evans Source Type: research
Varenicline treatment for methamphetamine dependence: A randomized, double-blind Phase II clinical trial
Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is a significant source of deleterious consequences to individual and public health (Cruickshank and Dyer, 2009). Approximately 469,000 people aged 12 and older in the U.S. meet the DSM-IV criteria for MA dependence, and the economic burden of MA use in the U.S. is approximately $23.4 billion per year (Nicosia et al., 2009; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2014). Available behavioral treatments, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and contingency management (CM), are only modestly effective (Lee and Rawson, 2008; Roll, 2007). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Marisa Briones, Steven Shoptaw, Ryan Cook, Matthew Worley, Aimee-Noelle Swanson, David E. Moody, Wenfang B. Fang, John Tsuang, Benjamin Furst, Keith Heinzerling Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Predictors of transitions across stages of heroin use and dependence prior to treatment-seeking among people in treatment for opioid dependence
Despite heroin dependence being documented as a major clinical and public health concern, little is known about the specific risk factors associated with the transitions from heroin use to dependence to treatment-seeking. These important transitions, and their demographic and clinical predictors, have been well-documented for nicotine (Agrawal et al., 2006, 2008; Behrendt et al., 2009; Lopez-Quintero et al., 2011), alcohol (Wagner and Anthony, 2002; Agrawal et al., 2006; Sartor et al., 2007; Behrendt et al., 2009; Kalaydjian et al., 2009; Kalaydjian et al., 2009; Lee et al., 2009; Suliman et al., 2010; Lopez-Quintero et al...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Briony Larance, Natasa Gisev, Elena Cama, Elliot C. Nelson, Shane Darke, Sarah Larney, Louisa Degenhardt Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Implants and depot injections for treating opioid dependence: Qualitative study of people who use or have used heroin
‘Opioid pharmacotherapy’ (OPT), ‘opioid substitution treatment’ (OST) and ‘opioid agonist treatment’ (OAT) are all terms that describe the administration of medications to people dependent on opioids in order to achieve ‘defined treatment aims’ (WHO/UNODC/UNAIDS, 2004). Pharmacothera pies for opioid dependence include opioid agonists (e.g., methadone), partial agonists (e.g., buprenorphine), opioid antagonists (e.g., naltrexone), and alaph-2-adrenergic agonists (e.g., lofexidine; Stotts et al., 2010). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Joanne Neale, Charlotte N.E. Tompkins, Rebecca McDonald, John Strang Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Changes in alcohol use associated with changes in HIV disease severity over time: A national longitudinal study in the Veterans Aging Cohort
Over half of people living with HIV (PLWH) in the U.S. report past-year alcohol use (Williams et al., 2016b), and ~25% report unhealthy use (Saitz, 2005; Williams et al., 2016b). Alcohol use is a health concern for PLWH because it is associated with increased risk of HIV transmission (Scott-Sheldon et al., 2016), poorer HIV disease management (Braithwaite et al., 2005; Hendershot et al., 2009; Vagenas et al., 2015), and HIV disease progression (Hahn and Samet, 2010; Justice et al., 2016; Williams et al., 2016a). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - May 24, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Emily C. Williams, Kathleen A. McGinnis, Jennifer F. Bobb, Anna D. Rubinsky, Gwen T. Lapham, Melissa Skanderson, Sheryl L. Catz, Kara M. Bensley, Julie E. Richards, Kendall J. Bryant, E. Jennifer Edelman, Derek D. Satre, Brandon D.L. Marshall, Kevin L. Kr Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
