Real-time predictors of smoking among sexual minority and heterosexual young adults: An ecological momentary assessment study
Disparities in cigarette use and associated disease burden among sexual minorities are a growing public health concern. Worldwide, the smoking rates among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other sexual minorities are approximately double those observed among heterosexuals (Baskerville et al., 2017; Blosnich et al., 2013; Burkhalter, 2015; McCabe et al., 2018). Data from the 2012 –2013 National Adult Tobacco Survey found that 27.7% of American sexual minority adults reported current cigarette use, corresponding to 2.3 million smokers (Johnson et al., 2016). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 30, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Nhung Nguyen, Julia McQuoid, Danielle Ramo, Louisa M. Holmes, Pamela M. Ling, Johannes Thrul Source Type: research
Methadone maintenance treatment among patients exposed to illicit fentanyl in Rhode Island: Safety, dose, retention, and relapse at 6 months
Illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) is a potent synthetic opioid that has been contributing to overdose deaths in the United States in recent years (O ’Donnell et al., 2017; Rudd et al., 2016; Somerville et al., 2017). In many areas of the U.S., it has recently become the most commonly found illicit opioid (DEA, 2018). In parts of the northeast U.S., many users are uncertain of the extent of heroin adulterated with fentanyl (Ciccarone et al., 20 17). Yet, fentanyl was seen in over 85% of urine toxicology for those seeking opioid withdrawal management in Massachusetts many users remain unaware (Kenney et al., 2018). (So...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrew C. Stone, Jennifer J. Carroll, Josiah D. Rich, Traci C. Green Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Environmental enrichment reverses increased addiction risk caused by prenatal ethanol exposure
Prenatal ethanol exposure (PE) leads to a variety of physical, cognitive, and behavioral deficits, collectively referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). One of the deficits is increased risk of addiction to drugs of abuse (Alati et al., 2006; Barbier et al., 2009). Indeed, our previous work shows that PE leads to enhanced amphetamine conditioned place preference and self-administration in adult rats reared in the standard laboratory environment (Hausknecht et al., 2015; Hausknecht et al., 2017; Wang et al., under review). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Ruixiang Wang, Kathryn A. Hausknecht, Ying-Ling Shen, Samir Haj-Dahmane, Paul Vezina, Roh-Yu Shen Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
The association between physical pain and cannabis use in daily life: an experience sampling method
Cannabis is the third most widely used drug after alcohol and cigarettes (UNODC, 2017). In addition to being the recreational drug of choice for many, mounting research shows that cannabis is used for various medical purposes (Lin et al., 2016; Pacula et al., 2015; Schauer et al., 2016; Sznitman, 2017). Medically-motivated cannabis use has been shown to differ from recreational use in that the former is associated with more heavy use (Lin et al., 2016; Pacula et al., 2015; Richmond et al., 2015; Roy-Byrne et al., 2015; Sznitman, 2017). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Sharon Sznitman, Yifat Ben Baruch, Talya Greene, Marc Gelkopf Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Investigating possible causal effects of externalizing behaviors on tobacco initiation: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Externalizing disorders such as conduct disorder (CD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by behaviors including aggressiveness, impulsivity, sensation seeking, and often criminal behavior at older ages (Brazil et al., 2016, Goldstein et al., 2017, Holmes et al., 2001). Externalizing disorders are strongly associated with substance use, including tobacco use (Brook et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2009, Brook et al., 2010), and externalizing behaviors or symptoms below a clinical threshold are similarly associated with increased risk of smoking (Kollins et al., 2005). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Meg E. Fluharty, Hannah Sallis, Marcus R. Munaf ò Source Type: research
The interplay between externalizing disorders polygenic risk scores and contextual factors on the development of marijuana use disorders
Marijuana abuse and dependence have been associated with a number of negative sequelae, including psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depression), reduced educational attainment, and unemployment (Kosty et al., 2017; Pacek et al., 2012). As of 2013, marijuana use disorders have disproportionately affected African-American adults, with 4.6% meeting diagnostic criteria for a marijuana use disorder compared to 2.7% and 2.8% of Caucasian and Hispanic adults, respectively (Hasin et al., 2015). Substantial changes in policy and public opinion surrounding marijuana use have prompted several states to legalize marijuana, resulting ...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Jill A. Rabinowitz, Rashelle J. Musci, Adam J. Milam, Kelly Benke, George R. Uhl, Danielle Y. Sisto, Nicholas S. Ialongo, Brion S. Maher Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Tobacco use during cannabis cessation: Use patterns and impact on abstinence in a National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network study
The co-use of tobacco and cannabis is a common practice (Agrawal et al., 2012; Agrawal and Lynskey, 2009; Agrawal et al., 2008; Leatherdale et al., 2006; Richter et al., 2004; Tullis et al., 2003) and rates of co-use were shown to have increased from 2003 through 2012 in the United States (US) (Schauer et al., 2015). Of additional concern, tobacco use rates (mostly in the form of cigarette smoking) tend to be elevated among cannabis users. Among a national sample in the US of past-month cannabis users, tobacco use was highly prevalent (60.1% for cigarette smoking co-use; 68.6% overall tobacco co-use prevalence excluding bl...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Erin A. McClure, Nathaniel Baker, Susan C. Sonne, Udi E. Ghitza, Rachel L. Tomko, LaTrice Montgomery, Shanna Babalonis, Garth E. Terry, Kevin M. Gray Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Methadone maintenance treatment among patients exposed to illicit fentanyl in Rhode Island; safety, dose, retention, and relapse at 6 Months
Illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) is a potent synthetic opioid that has been contributing to the overdose deaths in the United States in recent years (O ’Donnell et al., 2017; Rudd et al., 2016; Somerville et al., 2017). In many areas of the U.S., it has recently become the most commonly found illicit opioid (DEA, 2018). In parts of the northeast U.S., many users are uncertain of the extent of heroin adulterated with fentanyl (Ciccarone et al., 20 17). Yet, fentanyl was seen in over 85% of urine toxicology for those seeking opioid withdrawal management in Massachusetts many users remain unaware (Kenney et al., 2018)....
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Andrew C. Stone, Jennifer J. Carroll, Josiah D. Rich, Traci C. Green Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Prospective predictors of flavored e-cigarette use: A one-year longitudinal study of young adults in the U.S
In recent years, electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, have increased in popularity among young adults in the U.S. In 2013, 21.6% of 12 –24 year-olds had experimented with e-cigarettes and 5.1% were current users (Schoenborn and Gindi, 2015). Flavored e-cigarettes, enhanced to taste like fruit, candy, chocolate, and other sweet flavors, are particularly appealing to young adults (Bonhomme et al., 2016; Choi et al., 2012) and might be a primary reason for this age group to initiate e-cigarette use (Shiplo et al., 2015). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 25, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Julia Cen Chen, Kerry M. Green, Amelia M. Arria, Dina L.G. Borzekowski Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Assessing reciprocal association between drunkenness, drug use, and delinquency during adolescence: Separating within- and between-person effects
The strength of longitudinal reciprocal associations between substance use and delinquency during adolescence is unclear, despite a number of studies (e.g., D ’Amico et al., 2008; Mason and Windle, 2002). While contemporaneous or within-time relations between substance use and delinquency have been found to be consistent, with correlations ranging between .3 to .4 (e.g., Farrell et al., 1992), cross-lagged or reciprocal relationships are more ambiguous. Studies using cross-lagged panel (CLP) designs (see Finkel, 1995) have found substance use and delinquency to be reciprocally associated over time (e.g., Bui et al., 2000...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 23, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Russell Turner, Kristian Daneback, Anette Sk årner Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Analysis of time of drug use according to needle and syringe program operating hours in Melbourne, Australia: effects on individual-level needle and syringe coverage
According to the 2017 Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS) – a national system of surveillance of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Australian capital cities – heroin remains the most prominent drug of choice amongst sampled PWID in Australia, with 46% nominating heroin and 32% methamphetamine. Overall, nearly half of the sampled PWID report injecting d aily (Karlsson and Burns, 2018). Ninety-four percent of Australian PWID also reports acquiring sterile needles and syringes via fixed-site needle and syringe programs (NSPs) (Karlsson and Burns, 2018). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: O ’Keefe Daniel, Aitken Campbell, Scott Nick, Dietze Paul Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Duration of opioid prescriptions predicts incident nonmedical use of prescription opioids among U.S. veterans receiving medical care
Considerable debate surrounds the prescribing of opioid analgesics internationally for non-cancer chronic pain (H äuser et al., 2017; Katz, 2016; Novak et al., 2016; Okie, 2010). There is limited evidence supporting the efficacy of prescription opioids in managing chronic pain (Chou et al., 2015a). Concerns have also emerged about the safety of long-term opioid therapy (i.e., greater than 90 days) because it m ay increase the risk of overdose death (Dunn et al., 2010), all-cause mortality (Ray et al., 2016), and nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NMUPO)(Becker et al., 2008). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Declan T. Barry, Brandon D.L. Marshall, William C. Becker, Adam J. Gordon, Stephen Crystal, Robert D. Kerns, Julie R. Gaither, Kirsha S. Gordon, Amy C. Justice, David A. Fiellin, E. Jennifer Edelman Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Psychiatric comorbidities associated with a positive screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test in subjects with severe alcohol use disorder
Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) has been associated with widespread cognitive deficits (Stavro et al., 2013), which may affect at least half of SAUD patients (Alarcon et al., 2015; Fein et al., 1990; Martin et al., 1986), impair the efficacy of therapeutic interventions (Bernardin et al., 2014; Copersino et al., 2012) and contribute to dropout and relapse (Czapla et al., 2016; Durazzo et al., 2008; No ël et al., 2002; Parsons, 1994; Rupp et al., 2016). Several screening tools have been proposed to identify these alterations in SAUD populations, particularly the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test (Nasreddine et a...
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Fabien D ’Hondt, Charles Lescut, Pierre Maurage, Olivier Menard, Bernard Gibour, Olivier Cottencin, Solène Montègue, Renaud Jardri, Benjamin Rolland Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Inter-trial variability in brain activity as an indicator of synergistic effects of HIV-1 and drug abuse
People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWH) are more likely than the general population to use and abuse illicit drugs. Approximately 40% (Bing et al., 2001; Mimiaga et al., 2013) of them report the use of an illicit drug other than marijuana during the preceding year. The corresponding rate in the general population is 4.1% (SAMHSA, 2010). (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Lance O. Bauer Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Prevalence of comorbid substance use in schizophrenia spectrum disorders in community and clinical settings, 1990-2017: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Schizophrenia and related psychoses account for high levels of morbidity and are among the most misunderstood, neglected and stigmatized of all medical illnesses. One person in every hundred is likely to develop a schizophrenic disorder, and about half of these will have a substance use disorder (SUD) (Degenhardt and Hall, 2001; Green and Khokhar, 2018; McMillan et al., 2009; Regier et al., 1990). Persistent use of alcohol or illicit drugs has been reported to have adverse consequences for patients with schizophrenia that worsen the overall course and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. (Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence)
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - August 22, 2018 Category: Addiction Authors: Glenn E. Hunt, Matthew M. Large, Michelle Cleary, Harry Man Xiong Lai, John B. Saunders Source Type: research
