Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Multidrug-resistant infections in long-term care facilities: extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae and hypervirulent antibiotic resistant Clostridium difficile
Infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) residents constitute a public health concern. This multicenter study investigated the frequency of ESBL-producing pathogens and MDR Clostridium difficile in clinical specimens from LTCF residents in Italy. During October 2014 –March 2015, all urine and diarrheic fecal samples from LTCF residents (≥65 years) with suspected urinary tract infection or C. difficile infection, respectively, received for diagnosis by 4 hospital laboratories located in different cities were analyzed. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 26, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maria Giufr è, Marisa Accogli, Enrico Ricchizzi, Fabrizio Barbanti, Claudio Farina, Paolo Fazii, Romano Mattei, Mario Sarti, Agostino Barozzi, Rossella Buttazzi, Marina Cosentino, Maria Nardone, Vincenzo Savini, Patrizia Spigaglia, Maria Luisa Moro, Mari Source Type: research
Lack of Effect of Antibiotics on Biopsy Culture Results in Vertebral Osteomyelitis
The prevalence of vertebral osteomyelitis has increased over the last several decades. The Mayo Clinic reported almost a tenfold increase in Olmsted County from 1969 to 2009 (Kremers et al., 2015). This Is a challenging infectious disease for the clinician both in terms of diagnosis and management. If left untreated, symptoms of back pain, motor weakness or even paralysis may develop. In a patient who is suspected of having vertebral osteomyelitis, imaging utilizing computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be useful in confirming the diagnosis (Berbari et al., 2015). (Source: Diagnostic Microbio...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 26, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Louis D. Saravolatz, Vladimir Labalo, Joel Fishbain, Susan Szpunar, Leonard B. Johnson Tags: Note Source Type: research
Multidrug resistant infections in long-term care facilities: extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and hypervirulent antibiotic resistant Clostridium difficile
Infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) residents constitute a public health concern. This multi-center study investigated the frequency of ESBL-producing pathogens and MDR C. difficile in clinical specimens from LTCF residents, in Italy. During October 2014 –March 2015, all urine and diarrheic fecal samples from LTCF residents (≥ 65 years) with suspected urinary tract infection or Clostridium difficile infection, respectively, received for diagnosis by four hospital laboratories located in different cities were analyzed. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 26, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Maria Giufr è, Marisa Accogli, Enrico Ricchizzi, Fabrizio Barbanti, Claudio Farina, Paolo Fazii, Romano Mattei, Mario Sarti, Agostino Barozzi, Rossella Buttazzi, Marina Cosentino, Maria Nardone, Vincenzo Savini, Patrizia Spigaglia, Maria Luisa Moro, Mari Source Type: research
Scrub typhus diagnosis on acute specimens using serological and molecular assays — a 3-year prospective study
Scrub typhus (ST) is an underdiagnosed acute febrile illness in the Asia Pacific region with recent reemergence. Clinical diagnosis is difficult, and laboratory confirmation is largely based on serological and molecular tests. However, Weil –Felix test still remains the only test available in much of the rural tropics where a disproportionate number of cases occur. Sensitive and affordable assays are important for broader use and accurate diagnosis. We evaluated the diagnostic capabilities of serological and molecular assays on singl e acute clinical samples. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Munegowda Koralur, Rahul Singh, Muralidhar Varma, Shalini Shenoy, Vasudeva Acharya, Asha Kamath, John Stenos, Eugen Athan, Indira Bairy Source Type: research
Activity of omadacycline tested against Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections from a global surveillance program (2014)
Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline with in vitro activity against many gram-negative pathogens. Omadacycline and comparators were tested against Enterobacteriaceae from urinary tract infections (UTIs) selected from a 2014 global surveillance program and compared to results of isolates from 2010 surveillance. The omadacycline MIC50/90 for Enterobacteriaceae collected during 2014 was 2/ ≥8 μg/mL (1/4 μg/mL minus Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella spp.). The MIC50/90 for E. coli was 1/2 μg/mL, similar to that in 2010 (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/mL). (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: M.A. Pfaller, P.R. Rhomberg, M.D. Huband, R.K. Flamm Source Type: research
Meropenem time above the MIC exposure is predictive of response in cystic fibrosis children with acute pulmonary exacerbations
Meropenem exposures from 15 children (8 –17 years old) with cystic fibrosis (CF) acute pulmonary exacerbation were analyzed to define the pharmacodynamic threshold required for a positive response. The primary endpoint was the relative increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (↑FEV1) between pre- and posttreatment. Meropenem pharma codynamic indices (fT> MIC, fAUC/MIC, fCmin/MIC) over the first 24 h were estimated for each participant based on their individual parameter estimates and the isolated pathogen with the highest meropenem MIC. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Joseph L. Kuti, Rebecca S. Pettit, Natalie Neu, Jeffrey J. Cies, Craig Lapin, Marianne S. Muhlebach, Kimberly J. Novak, Sean T. Nguyen, Lisa Saiman, David P. Nicolau Source Type: research
Distribution of streptococcal groups causing infective endocarditis: a descriptive study
The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of streptococci causing infective endocarditis (IE). A total of 296 patients with definite IE admitted from July 2007 to December 2014 were identified, with microbial identification done by a combination of blood culture, valve culture, and valve polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The overall distribution of streptococci was 76% viridans (n = 224), 17% pyogenic (50), 6% nutritionally variant (17), and 2% anaerobic (5). Sixty-three (21%) viridans group streptococci were not identified further. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: So Lim Kim, Steven M. Gordon, Nabin K. Shrestha Source Type: research
Poor yield of Clostridium difficile testing algorithms using glutamate dehydrogenase antigen and C. difficile toxin enzyme immunoassays in a pediatric population with declining prevalence of clostridium difficile strain BI/NAP1/027
We compared the performance of algorithmic Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) diagnosis with four molecular tests in children. Stool samples in patients 1-18 years old were tested with an algorithm (C. Diff Quik Chek Complete (QCC) reflexed to illumigene C. difficile); AmpliVue C. difficile (ACD); Lyra Direct C. difficile (Lyra); BD MAX C diff (BDM); and Xpert C. difficile (XCD). The gold standard was positivity by two tests. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 85%, 99%, 93%, 97% for the algorithm; 21%, 99%, 78%, 87% for QCC ’s toxin component; 94%, 99%, 94%, 99% for...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Emily J. Gomez, Sandra Montgomery, Kevin Alby, Diana P. Robinson, Sylvester S. Roundtree, Deborah Blecker-Shelly, Kaede V. Sullivan Source Type: research
Scrub typhus diagnosis on acute specimens using serological and molecular assays – a three-year prospective study
Scrub typhus (ST) is an underdiagnosed acute febrile illness in the Asia pacific region with recent reemergence. Clinical diagnosis is difficult and laboratory confirmation is largely based on serological and molecular tests. However, WFT still remains the only test available in much of the rural tropics where disproportionate number of cases occur. Sensitive and affordable assays are important for broader use and accurate diagnosis. We evaluated the diagnostic capabilities of serological and molecular assays on single acute clinical samples. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Munegowda Koralur, Rahul Singh, Muralidhar Varma, Shalini Shenoy, Vasudeva Acharya, Asha Kamath, John Stenos, Eugen Athan, Indira Bairy Source Type: research
Activity of Omadacycline Tested against Enterobacteriaceae Causing Urinary Tract Infections from a Global Surveillance Program (2014)
Omadacycline is an aminomethylcycline with in vitro activity against many gram-negative pathogens. Omadacycline and comparators were tested against Enterobacteriaceae from urinary tract infections (UTI) selected from a 2014 global surveillance program and compared to results of isolates from 2010 surveillance. The omadacycline MIC50/90 for Enterobacteriaceae collected during 2014 was 2/ ≥8 μg/mL (1/4 μg/mL minus Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella spp.). The MIC50/90 for E. coli was 1/2 μg/mL, similar to that in 2010 (MIC50/90, 0.5/2 μg/mL). (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: M.A. Pfaller, P.R. Rhomberg, M.D. Huband, R.K. Flamm Source Type: research
Meropenem Time Above the MIC Exposure is Predictive of Response in Cystic Fibrosis Children with Acute Pulmonary Exacerbations
Meropenem exposures from 15 children (8-17 years old) with cystic fibrosis (CF) acute pulmonary exacerbation were analyzed to define the pharmacodynamic threshold required for a positive response. The primary endpoint was the relative increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 second ( ↑FEV1) between pre- and post-treatment. Meropenem pharmacodynamic indices (fT>MIC, fAUC/MIC, fCmin/MIC) over the first 24 hours were estimated for each participant based on their individual parameter estimates and the isolated pathogen with the highest meropenem MIC. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Joseph L. Kuti, Rebecca S. Pettit, Natalie Neu, Jeffrey J. Cies, Craig Lapin, Marianne S. Muhlebach, Kimberly J. Novak, Sean T. Nguyen, Lisa Saiman, David P. Nicolau Source Type: research
Distribution of streptococcal groups causing infective endocarditis: A descriptive study
The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution of streptococci causing infective endocarditis (IE). A total of 296 patients with definite IE admitted from July 2007 to December 2014 were identified, with microbial identification done by a combination of blood culture, valve culture, and valve PCR. The overall distribution of streptococci was 76% viridans (n = 224), 17% pyogenic (50), 6% nutritionally variant (17), and 2% anaerobic (5). Sixty-three (21%) viridans group streptococci were not identified further. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: So Lim Kim, Steven M. Gordon, Nabin K. Shrestha Source Type: research
Poor Yield of Clostridium difficile Testing Algorithms Using Glutamate Dehydrogenase Antigen and C. difficile Toxin Enzyme Immunoassays in a Pediatric Population with Declining Prevalence of Clostridium difficile Strain BI/NAP1/027
We compared the performance of algorithmic Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) diagnosis with four molecular tests in children. Stool samples in patients 1-18 years old were tested with an algorithm (C. Diff Quik Chek Complete (QCC) reflexed to illumigene C. difficile); AmpliVue C. difficile (ACD); Lyra Direct C. difficile (Lyra); BD MAX C diff (BDM); and Xpert C. difficile (XCD). The gold standard was positivity by two tests. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 85%, 99%, 93%, 97% for the algorithm; 21%, 99%, 78%, 87% for QCC ’s toxin component; 94%, 99%, 94%, 99% for...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 24, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Emily J. Gomez, Sandra Montgomery, Kevin Alby, Diana P. Robinson, Sylvester S. Roundtree, Deborah Blecker-Shelly, Kaede V. Sullivan Source Type: research
Point-of-care testing for CXCL13 in Lyme neuroborreliosis
Cerebrospinal fluid chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) is a marker for Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). CXCL13 lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) was compared with CXCL13 ELISA. CXCL13 LFA results correlated strongly with CXCL13 ELISA results. CXCL13 LFA is a rapid and easy-to-perform test, which is suitable for routine point-of-care diagnostics of suspected LNB patients. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - February 23, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Annukka Pietik äinen, Jarmo Oksi, Jukka Hytönen Tags: Note Source Type: research
