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Investigation of the in vitro antifungal and antibiofilm activities of ceragenins CSA-8, CSA-13, CSA-44, CSA-131, and CSA-138 against Candida species
Cationic steroid antimicrobials (CSA-ceragenin) are a new class of antimicrobial agent. In vitro activities of CSA-8, CSA-13, CSA-44, CSA-131, and CSA-138 and amphotericin B (AMP-B) were assessed against 50 nonrepeat Candida spp. isolates MICs, MFCs and combination studies were determined. Antibiofilm activities of CSAs, AMP-B, 2 azoles, and 2 echinocandins against Candida albicans were performed. Also, effects of coating the wells of plate with selected CSAs and antifungals were measured. The MIC50 ( μg/mL) values of CSA-8, CSA-13, CSA-44, CSA-131, CSA-138, and AMP-B were 16, 1, 2, 1, 1, and 1, respectively. (Source: Dia...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cagla Bozkurt-Guzel, Mayram Hacioglu, Paul B. Savage Source Type: research

Comparison of 4 commercially available group B Streptococcus molecular assays using remnant rectal –vaginal enrichment broths
The incidence of neonatal Group B streptococcal (GBS) disease has significantly declined since the widespread implementation of prenatal screening of expectant mothers for urogenital and gastrointestinal tract GBS colonization. Screening methods have evolved from exclusively culture-based approaches to more rapid and highly sensitive molecular methods. We chose to evaluate the performance of 4 commercially available GBS molecular tests for detection of GBS colonization using 299 antepartum rectal –vaginal specimens submitted to our laboratory for routine GBS screening. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ryan F. Relich, Rebecca J. Buckner, Christopher L. Emery, Thomas E. Davis Source Type: research

Comparison of Four Commercially Available Group B Streptococcus Molecular Assays Using Remnant Rectal-Vaginal Enrichment Broths
The incidence of neonatal Group B streptococcal (GBS) disease has significantly declined since the widespread implementation of prenatal screening of expectant mothers for urogenital and gastrointestinal tract GBS colonization. Screening methods have evolved from exclusively culture-based approaches to more rapid and highly sensitive molecular methods. We chose to evaluate the performance of four commercially available GBS molecular tests for detection of GBS colonization using 299 antepartum rectal-vaginal specimens submitted to our laboratory for routine GBS screening. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ryan F. Relich, Rebecca J. Buckner, Christopher L. Emery, Thomas E. Davis Source Type: research

Investigation of the in vitro antifungal and antibiofilm activities of ceragenins CSA-8, CSA-13, CSA-44, CSA-131 and CSA-138 against Candida species
Cationic steroid antimicrobials (CSA-ceragenin) are a new class of antimicrobial agent. In vitro activities of CSA-8, CSA-13, CSA-44, CSA-131 and CSA-138 and amphotericin B (AMP-B) were assessed against fifty non-repeat Candida spp. isolates MICs, MFCs and combination studies were determined. Antibiofilm activities of CSAs, AMP-B, two azoles and two echinocandins against Candida albicans were performed. Also, effects of coating the wells of plate with selected CSAs and antifungals were measured. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 28, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Cagla Bozkurt-Guzel, Mayram Hacioglu, Paul B. Savage Source Type: research

Comparison of tigecycline susceptibility testing methods for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Automated systems Vitek 2, BD Phoenix, MicroScan WalkAway and gradient diffusion assays Etest and MIC Test Strip were compared against broth microdilution for susceptibility testing of tigecycline against Acinetobacter baumannii. BD Phoenix and MIC Test Strip seemed to provide the most accurate determination of tigecycline susceptibility. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 26, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Evgeny A. Idelevich, Dinah A. Freeborn, Harald Seifert, Karsten Becker Tags: Note Source Type: research

Molecular epidemiology of Klebsiella pneumoniae K1 and K2 isolates in Japan
Although severe infections caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, such as K1 isolates belonging to sequence type (ST) 23, have been a significant problem in Asian countries, epidemiology of these isolates in Japan remains unclear. We performed a nationwide molecular epidemiological study of K. pneumoniae K1 and K2 isolates in Japan. Of the 259K. pneumoniae isolates collected, 14 and 16 isolates were identified as capsular genotypes K1 and K2, respectively. All K1 isolates were ST23 or its closely related clones and showed high genetic similarity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and the DiversiLab...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 19, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sohei Harada, Yoshikazu Ishii, Tomoo Saga, Kotaro Aoki, Kazuhiro Tateda Source Type: research

In vitro activity of tedizolid and comparator agents against clinical Gram-positive isolates recovered from patients with cancer
A total of 248 Gram-positive isolates from cancer patients were tested for in-vitro susceptibility to tedizolid and 3 comparator agents using CLSI broth microdilution methodology. Tedizolid inhibited 97% of isolates at ≤0.5μg/ml. It was active against all Gram-positive species and consistently had 8 fold lower MICs than linezolid, although based on % susceptibility using CLSI breakpoints, most isolates were also susceptible to the comparators. Tedizolid was active against MRSA isolates with vancomycin MICs of ≥ 1.0μg/ml. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 16, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kenneth V. IRolston, Ruth Reitzel, Nylev Vargas-Cruz, Samuel A. Shelburne, Issam I. Raad, Randall A. Prince Tags: Note Source Type: research

In-vitro Activity of Tedizolid and Comparator Agents Against Clinical Gram-positive Isolates Recovered From Patients With Cancer
A total of 248 Gram-positive isolates from cancer patients were tested for in-vitro susceptibility to tedizolid and 3 comparator agents using CLSI broth microdilution methodology. Tedizolid inhibited 97% of isolates at ≤0.5μg/ml. It was active against all Gram-positive species and consistently had 8 fold lower MICs than linezolid, although based on % susceptibility using CLSI breakpoints, most isolates were also susceptible to the comparators. Tedizolid was active against MRSA isolates with vancomycin MICs of ≥ 1.0μg/ml. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 16, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kenneth V. IRolston, Ruth Reitzel, Nylev Vargas-Cruz, Samuel A. Shelburne, Issam I. Raad, Randall A. Prince Tags: Note Source Type: research

Can anti –PGL-1 and anti–NDO-LID-1 antibody titers be used to predict the risk of reactions in leprosy patients?
This study aimed at evaluating anti –Mycobacterium leprae antibody levels in reactional and nonreactional leprosy patients at the time of diagnosis. Clinical data and serum samples of 224 patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2010 were collected in the municipality of Rondonópolis-MTBR. Quantification of anti–phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) IgM antibodies of M. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Amanda Carreira Devides, Patricia Sammarco Rosa, Andr éa de Faria Fernandes Belone, Neusa Maria Broch Coelho, Somei Ura, Eliane Aparecida Silva Source Type: research

In vitro activity of oritavancin against planktonic and biofilm states of vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant enterococci
We tested the in vitro activity of oritavancin against 60 vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (VSE) and 27 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). The oritavancin MIC ranged from ≤0.002 to 0.5μg/mL; the minimum biofilm bactericidal concentration ranged from ≤0.002 to 2μg/mL. Oritavancin has promising in vitro activity against VSE and VRE in both planktonic and biofilm states. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Qun Yan, Melissa J. Karau, Robin Patel Source Type: research

Can anti-PGL-1 and anti-NDO-LID-1 antibody titers be used to predict the risk of reactions in leprosy patients?
This study aimed at evaluating anti-Mycobacterium leprae antibody levels in reactional and non-reactional leprosy patients at the time of diagnosis. Clinical data and serum samples of 224 patients diagnosed between 2009/2010, were collected in the municipality of Rondon ópolis-MTBR. Quantification of anti-phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) IgM antibodies of M. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 15, 2018 Category: Microbiology Authors: Amanda Carreira Devides, Patricia Sammarco Rosa, Andr éa de Faria Fernandes Belone, Neusa Maria Broch Coelho, Somei Ura, Eliane Aparecida Silva Source Type: research