Apical periodontitis and endodontic treatment
Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory process related to the presence of infection caused by intraradicular microorganisms. Many factors have been postulated to increase the risk of developing AP, including systemic diseases, poor oral health, low socioeconomic status, inadequate root fillings or coronal restorations, and the presence of caries. Some studies suggest that endodontic infection can adversely affect periodontal health, but the effect of periodontal disease on the development of AP has not been well studied. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Revascularization after autotransplantation
Autotransplantation is a viable treatment option that restores the space immediately, maintains and preserves hard and soft tissues, offers good long-term survival, and has good success rates. Should the autotranspanted tooth have incomplete root formation, there is the potential for continued root growth. Currently, postoperative root canal therapy (RCT) is recommended for autotransplanted teeth with complete root formation, but the evidence guiding this choice is limited. Delaying the completion of RCT until a pathologic condition is apparent radiographically compromises the long-term prognosis for autotransplanted teeth...
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Cement residue on customized abutments and crowns
The clinical retention of restorations on implants can be achieved with either screws or cement on the abutments. Both options have their advantages and limitations. For example, the use of cement retention is often impaired because undetected cement residue accumulates below the soft tissue margin. As a result, the peri-implant tissues can become inflamed. New technologies have been developed to possibly improve this situation. The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) to fabricate custom implant abutments and frameworks is a new technology with the potential to fit so well that cement wi...
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Sealing ability of cements on zirconia restorations
The ability of a material to seal can be explained as its capacity to avoid the penetration of fluids, molecules, ions, and bacteria between a restoration and tooth material. The lifetime of a restoration can be affected by sealing ability. The evaluation of sealing ability in dental material is measured using micropercolation tests. Generally these are in vitro tests and use various standardized methods for dental preparations and thermocycling to age the obturation and assembling material between tooth and restoration. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Flossing as effective caries prevention
Meta-analyses/Cochrane Reviews have advanced the argument that flossing is not effective in reducing the risk of dental caries and periodontal disease. However, none of the studies used to come to this conclusion used dental caries as an outcome variable, few studies were included in the analysis, and the New York Times report of these reviews stated that the trials were of poor quality and conclusions were unreliable. Yet the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2015-2020 has removed the recommendation for flossing to promote oral health. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Implant survival in elderly patients
The use of dental implants is highly successful for partially or completely edentulous jaws, offering predictable and long-term success rates. A mandibular 2-implant overdenture is considered the standard of care in the rehabilitation of completely edentulous patients. Implant-supported prostheses improve mastication and offer a better oral health −related quality of life (OHRQoL). Although we are facing a worldwide increase in the number of older adults, scientific evidence is lacking about how well implant therapy works for elderly patients. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Bruxism and implant failure
Patients with bruxism are not considered good candidates for implant therapy because of the suggestion that bruxism may cause excessive load on the implant-supported rehabilitations, resulting in implant fracture or bone loss around the implants, leading to implant failure. Since the evidence has not clearly established that bruxism should be considered a contraindication to dental implant treatment, a retrospective clinical study was done to analyze the complications of dental implant treatment on a group of bruxers and a matched group of non-bruxers. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Molar emergence and increased adiposity
Caries risk and sealant placement timing are affected by the emergence of the first permanent molars (FPMs) and the second permanent molars (SPMs). Both sex and race/ethnicity have been shown to influence emergence of these teeth. Recently evidence indicates that increased adiposity, as determined by body mass index (BMI), is also associated with tooth emergence and dental acceleration. More and more children and adolescents in the United States are overweight and obese. Few studies have investigated the relationship between high BMI and accelerated t ooth emergence for this population. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Compliance among orthodontic patients
The efficiency and success or failure of orthodontic interventions depends on compliance with wearing recommendations for removable orthodontic components. These devices are popular because they are relatively easy to fabricate and adjust, have a low cost, and reduce chairside time required. However, they require optimal oral hygiene and adherence to the stipulated wearing times, which is the patient's responsibility. Research indicates that compliance with the use of removable appliances is likely to be suboptimal, and candid patient reports of their wear duration tend to be lacking. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
When periodontal disease begins
Severe periodontitis with marked loss of attachment and supporting bone is the sixth most prevalent disease worldwide. Its overall prevalence is 11.2%. Cases of severe periodontitis increase markedly between ages 30 and 40 years, with a peak incidence at age 38 years. Evidence for the time of onset of disease for an average group of individuals with severe periodontitis is as yet lacking. The detection of periodontitis onset is based on the time between the earliest documentation of attachment and bone loss and the latest examination where there is no attachment and bone loss. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Oral appliance therapy, nasal CPAP, and psychological distress
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) suffer from recurrent obstruction of the upper airway, which causes oxygen desaturation. As a result, they may awaken from sleep, resulting in daytime sleepiness, snoring, and reduced cognitive function. They may also develop symptoms of psychological distress, such as depression and anxiety. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most effective treatment for severe OSA, but mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are often selected for the treatment of mild to moderate OSA and for patients who do not tolerate CPAP therapy. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Inquiry Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - March 1, 2018 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Dentists are part of the team
When a dentist is asked to evaluate a pregnant patient's oral condition by her obstetrician, then sends a consultation report back to the referring obstetrician, it can be interpreted as a “request to treat” by the referring physician. In fact, dentists need to be a bit more proactive in these cases based on several facts. Specifically, dentists should be aware that nothing they do with the patient under local anesthesia hurts a fetus. Not only local anesthetics, but also penicill in antibiotics and narcotics are safe in pregnancy. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - February 2, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Choosing the ethical road for frail patients
Frailty is increasing among the world's aging population as a natural consequence of their increased age but also in relation to the multiple health and functional deficits that these individuals experience. One of the first signs of frailty is the inability to maintain good oral hygiene. This results from compromises in the individual's agility, strength, eyesight, and motivation. With this in mind, the dentist is in a unique position to address frailty in older patients. However, dentists must also respect the autonomy of frail patients while continuing to ensure they can maintain good oral health. (Source: Dental Abstracts)
Source: Dental Abstracts - February 2, 2018 Category: Dentistry Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
