What do clinicians treat: diagnoses or symptoms? The incremental validity of a symptom-based, dimensional characterization of emotional disorders in predicting medication prescription patterns
Although practice guidelines are based on disorders specified in diagnostic manuals, such as the DSM, practitioners appear to follow symptoms when making treatment decisions. Psychiatric medication is generally prescribed in a transdiagnostic manner, further highlighting how symptoms, not diagnoses, often guide clinical practice. A quantitative approach to nosology promises to provide better guidance as it describes psychopathology dimensionally and its organization reflects patterns of covariation among symptoms. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 18, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Monika A. Waszczuk, Mark Zimmerman, Camilo Ruggero, Kaiqiao Li, Annmarie MacNamara, Anna Weinberg, Greg Hajcak, David Watson, Roman Kotov Source Type: research
Nightmares and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: The Mediating Role of Emotional Dysregulation
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a transdiagnostic behavior associated with significant psychopathology. Research has shown a positive association between sleep disturbances, (e.g., nightmares and insomnia), and suicidal behavior, however, the relation between NSSI and sleep disturbances has yet to be examined. Sleep disturbances have been found to have a causal role in problems with emotional dysfunction. Specifically, sleep disturbances inhibit the emotion processing function of sleep. Importantly, a majority of individuals engage in NSSI to regulate intense emotions, and it is possible that sleep disturbances increase ...
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 17, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Chelsea R. Ennis, Nicole A. Short, Allison J. Moltisanti, Caitlin E. Smith, Thomas E. Joiner, Jeanette Taylor Source Type: research
Is there a link between biological parents' insight into their offspring's schizophrenia and their cognitive functioning, expressed emotion and knowledge about disorder?
Recent studies suggest that parents' awareness of their offspring's schizophrenia could influence their offspring's insight. Low patient insight is linked to impairment of specific cognitive abilities, and biological parents of schizophrenia patients have impaired capacities in these same domains. However, little is known about what specific socio-demographic, affective or cognitive factors may influence biological parents' awareness of their offspring's disease. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Alexandra Macgregor, Joanna Norton, St éphane Raffard, Delphine Capdevielle Source Type: research
Comorbidity, Age of Onset and Suicidality in Obsessive –Compulsive Disorder (OCD): An International Collaboration
To collate data from multiple obsessive –compulsive disorder (OCD) treatment centres across seven countries and five continents, and to report findings in relation to OCD comorbidity, age of onset of OCD and comorbid disorders, and suicidality, in a large clinical and ethnically diverse sample, with the aim of investigating cultural var iation and the utility of the psychiatric diagnostic classification of obsessive–compulsive and related disorders. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 13, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: V Brakoulias, V Starcevic, A Belloch, C Brown, YA Ferrao, LF Fontenelle, C Lochner, D Marazziti, H Matsunaga, EC Miguel, YCJ Reddy, MC do Rosario, RG Shavitt, A Shyam Sundar, DJ Stein, AR Torres, K Viswasam Source Type: research
The development and validation of Huaxi Emotional-distress Index (HEI): a Chinese questionnaire for screening depression and anxiety in non-psychiatric clinical settings
This study aimed towards developing a short questionnaire for screening depression and anxiety in non-psychiatric clinical settings, and to test its reliability and validity. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 6, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jian Wang, Wan-jun Guo, Lan Zhang, Wei Deng, Hui-yao Wang, Jian-ying Yu, Shan-xia Luo, Ming-jin Huang, Zai-quan Dong, Da-Jiang Li, Jin-ping Song, Yu Jiang, Nan-sheng Cheng, Xie-he Liu, Tao Li Source Type: research
Clinicians' conflicting emotional responses to high suicide-risk patients —association with short-term suicide behaviors: A prospective pilot study
Clinician's emotional responses to patients have been recognized as potentially relating to treatment outcome, however they have received little attention in the literature on suicide risk. We examine the relationship between a novel targeted measure of clinicians' emotional responses to high-risk psychiatric inpatients and their short-term post-discharge suicide behavior. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 6, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Zimri S. Yaseen, Igor I Galynker, Lisa J Cohen, Jessica Briggs Source Type: research
A decline in self-defining memories following a diagnosis of schizophrenia
Purpose: Receiving a diagnosis of schizophrenia can be a profound life transition that often has a negative influence on the patient's sense of self. The present study is the first to examine how self-defining memories are temporally distributed around age at diagnosis of schizophrenia. Method: 25 patients and 25 matched control participants identified 3 self-defining memories from their lives. In addition, participants were assessed with standardized interviews and questionnaires on negative and positive symptoms as well as tests of cognitive function. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 2, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tine Holm, David B. Pillemer, Vibeke Bliksted, Dorthe Kirkegaard Thomsen Source Type: research
Examination of the Interpersonal Model of Loss of Control Eating in the Laboratory
The interpersonal model of loss of control (LOC) eating proposes that interpersonal problems lead to negative affect, which in turn contributes to the onset and/or persistence of LOC eating. Despite preliminary support, there are no data examining the construct validity of the interpersonal model of LOC eating using temporally sensitive reports of social stress, distinct negative affective states, and laboratory energy intake. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - April 2, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lisa M. Shank, Ross D. Crosby, Anne Claire Grammer, Lauren B. Shomaker, Anna Vannucci, Natasha L. Burke, Monika Stojek, Sheila M. Brady, Merel Kozlosky, James C. Reynolds, Jack A. Yanovski, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff Source Type: research
Psychopathology and traffic violations in subjects who have lost their driving license
The persistence of risky behaviors while driving and traffic accidents despite campaigns to increase awareness suggest that there may be underlying causes that maintain proneness to traffic violations. The aim of the current study was to assess: a) the prevalence of psychopathology in a sample of people who have lost their driving license due to former traffic violations and b) the discriminatory capacity of each psychopathological disorder to differentiate among people with high and low proneness to perform risky behaviors while driving. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 28, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: S Valero, R Bosch, M Corominas, A Giannoni, V Barrau, JA Ramos-Quiroga, M Casas Source Type: research
Psychopathology and traffic violations in subjects who have lost their driving licence
The persistence of risky behaviors while driving and traffic accidents despite campaigns to increase awareness suggest there may by underlying causes that maintain proneness to traffic violations. The aim of the current study was to assess: a) the prevalence of psychopathology in a sample of people who have lost their driving license due to former traffic violations and b) the discriminatory capacity of each psychopathological disorder to differentiate among people with high and low proneness to perform risky behaviors while driving. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 28, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: S Valero, R Bosch, M Corominas, A Giannoni, V Barrau, M Casas Source Type: research
Oxytocin in the postnatal period: associations with attachment and maternal caregiving
This study investigated the associations of maternal oxytocin, self-reported attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms with maternal caregiving sensitivity at 3 –4months postpartum, observed during the ‘free play’ and ‘reunion’ episodes of the Still Face Procedure. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 26, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jane Kohlhoff, Valsa Eapen, Mark Dadds, Feroza Khan, Derrick Silove, Bryanne Barnett Source Type: research
Association among serum cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate levels and psychiatric symptoms in men with chronic schizophrenia
The purpose of this study was to examine possible associations of serum levels of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) with psychiatric symptoms in men with chronic schizophrenia. This retrospective study involved 162 men with schizophrenia and 138 age-matched healthy controls, for whom data were collected on demographic characteristics, age at disease onset, disease duration, positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) scores, and history of atypical antipsychotic treatment. Serum levels of cortisol and DHEA-S were calculated, as well as the ratios of the two levels. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 25, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Rui Peng, Yan Li Source Type: research
Phenomenology of hoarding in children with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): The perceptions of parents
Individuals with ADHD and comorbid hoarding disorder are vulnerable to severe consequences from hoarding symptoms. Despite this, and the early onset of hoarding disorder, the nature of hoarding symptoms in children with comorbid ADHD is unknown. We therefore explored the phenomenology of hoarding symptoms among ten 8 –12year olds with ADHD and clinically significant hoarding symptoms through parental perceptions. Parents completed in-depth semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 17, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Fiona A. Lynch, Richard Moulding, Jane A. McGillivray Source Type: research
Empirically based assessment and taxonomy of psychopathology for ages 1 ½–90+ years: Developmental, multi-informant, and multicultural findings
Originating in the 1960s, the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) comprises a family of instruments for assessing problems and strengths for ages 1 ½–90+ years. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 16, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Thomas M. Achenbach, Masha Y. Ivanova, Leslie A. Rescorla Source Type: research
Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Criminal Justice System Involvement: The Roles of Emotion-Driven Difficulties Controlling Impulsive Behaviors and Physical Aggression
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with elevated risk for a variety of risky behaviors, including criminal behaviors. Yet, limited research has examined the relation of BPD to criminal justice (CJ) involvement, or the mechanisms underlying this relation. (Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry)
Source: Comprehensive Psychiatry - March 15, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kelly E. Moore, Matthew T. Tull, Kim L. Gratz Source Type: research
