Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Abstract B27: Interaction of mammographic breast density with menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone use in relation to the risk of aggressive breast cancer subtypes
Conclusion: Mammographic density phenotypes were more strongly associated with aggressive cancer (having two or more of the following: size ≥2cm, grade 2 or 3, or positive nodes) vs. non-aggressive types of breast cancer across categories of menopause and hormone therapy types.Citation Format: Lusine Yaghjyan, Rulla Tamimi, Kimberly Bertrand, Christopher G. Scott, Matthew R. Jensen, Shane Pankratz, Kathleen Brandt, Daniel Visscher, Aaron Norman, Fergus Cough, John Shepherd, Bo Fan, Yunn-Yi Chen, Lin Ma, Andrew H. Beck, Steven R. Cummings, Karla Kerlikowske, Celine Vachon. Interaction of mammographic breast density with ...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yaghjyan, L., Tamimi, R., Bertrand, K., Scott, C. G., Jensen, M. R., Pankratz, S., Brandt, K., Visscher, D., Norman, A., Cough, F., Shepherd, J., Fan, B., Chen, Y.-Y., Ma, L., Beck, A. H., Cummings, S. R., Kerlikowske, K., Vachon, C. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A27: Timing of pregnancies and oral contraceptive use and risk of ovarian cancer
Conclusions: In summary, older age at last pregnancy was significantly associated with reduced risk of ovarian cancer. There was a suggestion that older age at last used of OCs was associated with lower risk of ovarian cancer. These findings suggest that use of OCs to later ages in life can reduce ovarian cancer risk. A joint evaluation of life periods with pregnancies and OC use and ovarian cancer risk is under way.Citation Format: Clara Bodelon, Harvey Risch, Francesmary Modugno, Penelope Webb, Celeste Leigh Pearce, Malcolm Pike, Nicolas Wentzensen. Timing of pregnancies and oral contraceptive use and risk of ovarian can...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bodelon, C., Risch, H., Modugno, F., Webb, P., Pearce, C. L., Pike, M., Wentzensen, N. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B26: Pre- and post-diagnostic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostate cancer mortality among men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the NIH-AARP and PLCO cohorts
Conclusions: This analysis suggests a modest delayed survival benefit of aspirin use before prostate cancer diagnosis and highlights the importance of comorbidity prevention among prostate cancer survivors.Citation Format: Cindy Ke Zhou, Sarah E. Daugherty, Amanda Black, Linda M. Liao, Neal D. Freedman, Christian C. Abnet, Ruth Pfeiffer, Michael B. Cook. Pre- and post-diagnostic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostate cancer mortality among men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the NIH-AARP and PLCO cohorts. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Pr...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhou, C. K., Daugherty, S. E., Black, A., Liao, L. M., Freedman, N. D., Abnet, C. C., Pfeiffer, R., Cook, M. B. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A26: Body fatness and adipose tissue subtypes are associated with circulating biomarkers of inflammation and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer patients: The ColoCare Study
Conclusions: We demonstrated a link between specifically visceral adiposity and biomarkers of inflammation in colorectal cancer patients. In addition, we showed that visceral adiposity also affects circulating VEGF-A levels. This protein has various effects, including the induction of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, as well as the promotion of cell migration, and the inhibition of apoptosis. Our findings support a mechanistic role of visceral adipose tissue in colorectal cancer risk and potentially prognosis.Citation Format: Cornelia M. Ulrich, Jürgen Böhm, Christy Warby, Tengda Li...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ulrich, C. M., Böhm, J., Warby, C., Lin, T., Salou, M., Gigic, B., Scherer, D., Nattenmueller, J., Ose, J., Zielske, L., Schrotz-King, P., Kölsch, T., Siegel, E., Li, C., Ulrich, A., Glimm, H., Samadder, J., Hursting, S., Kauczor, H.-U. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA25: Implementation of risk prediction to improve health: The promises and challenges of precision
Advances in the understanding of risk factors have transformed oncology, providing leads for prevention and, in particular, screening. Part of this transformation has been fueled by studies of molecular changes and genetic mutations that are inherited or that precede cancer by years, potentially leading the way to a new era of precision screening and prevention. However, these new leads bring important challenges that demand caution. As Sean Carroll has pointed out, it turns out that life from the molecular scale all the way up to the ecological scale is usually governed by longer chains of interactions than we first imagi...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kramer, B. S. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B25: Association of variations in HLA-class II and other loci with susceptibility to EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) driven by somatic EGFR mutations is more prevalent in East Asians (30-50%) than in European/Americans (10-20%). Understanding the genetic factors underlying such LADC is required to elucidate disease etiology and to identify effective methods of prevention.Methods: We investigate genetic factors underlying the risk of this disease by conducting a genome-wide association study, followed by two validation studies, in 3,173 Japanese patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma and 15,158 controls.Results: Four loci, 5p15.33 (TERT), 6p21.3 (BTNL2, HLA-class II), 3q28 (TP63) an...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shiraishi, K., Okada, Y., Takahashi, A., Kamatani, Y., Ashikawa, K., Momozawa, Y., Kunitoh, H., Matsumoto, S., Takano, A., Shimizu, K., Goto, A., Tsuta, K., Watanabe, S.-i., Ohe, Y., Watanabe, Y., Goto, Y., Nokihara, H., Furuta, K., Yoshida, A., Goto, K., Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A25: Benign breast disease and subsequent breast cancer risk: The Detroit cohort
Conclusions: Columnar alterations confer increased risk of breast cancer beyond the risks associated with atypical hyperplasia, as does the presence of multiple types of BBD lesions in a single biopsy. These estimates may help improve the current risk assessment models for African American women and highlight the need for additional research regarding the utility of closer surveillance and potentially chemoprevention for reduction of breast cancer in these women.Citation Format: Michele L. Cote, Wei Chen, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Visakha Pardeshi, Asra N. Shaik, Marcel T. Ghanim, MHD Fayez Daaboul, Daniel W. V...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Cote, M. L., Chen, W., Ruterbusch, J. J., Abdulfatah, E., Pardeshi, V., Shaik, A. N., Ghanim, M. T., Daaboul, M. F., Visscher, D. W., Bandyopadhyay, S., Ali-Fehmi, R. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA24: Developing and evaluating cancer risk assessment tools for primary care
Numerous risk assessment tools have been developed which predict either current or future risk of a cancer diagnosis yet very few are used in routine clinical practice. These tools could be used for tailored disease prevention, more efficient use of cancer screening tests and to promote behavioural change to reduce cancer risk. We have a growing number of cancer risk-prediction models which incorporate phenotypic, behavioural and, increasingly, genomic variables; these models require simple-to-use risk assessment tools for their implementation into clinical practice, and in particular ones which can be incorporated into pr...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Emery, J. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A24: BRM polymorphisms, part of a novel epigenetic mechanism, are predictive of cancer risk and clinic outcome in multiple cancer types
BRM polymorphisms lie with the promoter region of the anticancer gene and SWI/SNF catalytic subunit, Brahma (SMARCA2). These polymorphisms statistically correlate with loss of BRM expression in both cell lines and primary lung tumors and function as part of an epigenetic mechanism which underlies BRM reversible silencing. Specifically, these polymorphisms function as the binding site of at least two transcription factors (MEF2D and GATA3) and two HDACs (HDAC3 and HDAC9). These proteins form a complex which drives the reversible silencing of the BRM protein. As BRM can serve as an anticancer protein, in part because BRM and...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rai, S., Wang, J., Wong, K. M., Qiu, X., Liu, G., Reisman, D. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA23: Reducing cancer risk by enabling women to breastfeed
In reproductive physiology, lactation follows pregnancy. In traditional populations, children continue to breastfeed for 3 to 4 years, suggesting that sustained lactation is the biological norm. However, cultural norms are markedly different; while breastfeeding rates in the US have risen dramatically over the past 40 years, just 22.3% of US mothers are able meet consensus medical recommendations for 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding, and only 30.7% continue to breastfeeding through one year. Evidence continues to accrue that this disruption of normal physiology is associated with adverse health outcomes for mothers and ...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Stuebe, A. M. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract B23: Detection of susceptibility to childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Currently, there are no known methods to predict of susceptibility to, and means for prevent Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). We have evaluated and patented a group of proteins dubbed Protein X from a certain strain of Aspergillus Flavus (AF) and developed methods for screening and identifying totally asymptomatic patients in remission of ALL, including long term survivors of this disease, distinguishing them from normal controls. Subject to institutional approved consents/assents, 15-20 ml of blood was obtained from 40 cases of ALL in children and young adults, including long term survivors of ALL. Controls were normal...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tebbi, C. K. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A23: Plasma osteoprotegerin and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
Conclusions: Our preliminary data suggest that low OPG concentrations are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. These data support the potential for targeting of the RANKL pathway as a plausible cancer prevention strategy among women with germline BRCA mutations. Additional analyses with a larger sample size are underway and may help inform strategies of personalized prevention. These findings will not only further our understanding of the progesterone/OPG/RANKL pathway in breast cancer development, but will improve our identification of high-risk populations that can be t...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Salmena, L., Oden, L., Kim, S., Akbari, M., Sun, P., Narod, S., Kotsopoulos, J. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA22: Using risk assessment tools to motivate behavior change
Epidemiology identifies risk factors for cancer and other diseases based on the idea that conveying such information to healthcare providers, the general public, and policy makers will result in population-wide improvements in healthy behaviors and, consequently, population-wide improvements in health outcomes. These actions assume that the audience understands and uses the information to make health-related decisions. However, the language of epidemiology, which is steeped in probabilistic thinking, is not necessarily the language of the general public. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that the language of epidemiol...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Waters, E. A. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract A22: Association of breast cancer risk and concentrations of tissue estrogens to single strand breaks in DNA
Conclusions: The most likely mechanism by which 4-OHE2 or 2-OHE1 could protect against formation of SSBs in the breast is by their antioxidative properties. 4-OHE2 and other catechol estrogens are capable of undergoing redox reactions, cycling between the catechol structure, semiquinone radical, and o-quinone. They are also capable of forming metal complexes, sequestering metals, preventing them from undergoing redox reactions. In addition, 4-OHE2 has a binding affinity relative to that of estradiol of 1.51; that of 2-OHE1 is 1.02 Therefore, the catechol estrogens have activity similar to or greater than that of estradiol ...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sahadevan, M., Lee, O., Muzzio, M., Phan, B., Jacobs, L., Khouri, N., Wang, J., Hu, H., Stearns, V., Chatterton, R. T. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Abstract IA21: Translating evidence to action: Yourdiseaserisk.wustl.edu
Not very long ago scientific publication was viewed as the primary dissemination goal of scientific discovery. This viewpoint, however, has evolved substantially over the past 10 - 20 years. While scientific discovery and publication remain key to dissemination of findings, it is now often viewed as a single stage in the spectrum from discovery to the application of research results. The view of effective dissemination must now also include the practical world of policy makers, clinicians, health care organizations, and the public – groups that need good data and good tools to make informed decisions that drive indiv...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Colditz, G. A. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research