Transcriptional profiling of murine osteoblast differentiation based on RNA-seq expression analyses
Osteoblastic differentiation is a multistep process characterized by osteogenic induction of mesenchymal stem cells, which then differentiate into proliferative pre-osteoblasts that produce copious amounts of extracellular matrix, followed by stiffening of the extracellular matrix, and matrix mineralization by hydroxylapatite deposition. Although these processes have been well characterized biologically, a detailed transcriptional analysis of murine primary calvaria osteoblast differentiation based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses has not previously been reported. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 10, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Layal Abo Khayal, Johannes Gr ünhagen, Ivo Provazník, Stefan Mundlos, Uwe Kornak, Peter N. Robinson, Claus-Eric Ott Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Sclerostin vaccination mitigates estrogen deficiency induction of bone mass loss and microstructure deterioration
In this study, we generated a SOST-Fc fusion protein which was composed of a SOST peptide Pro-Asn-Ala-Ile-Gly along with an IgG Fc fragment. SOST-Fc vaccination increased serum anti-SOST antibody levels and reduced serum SOST concentrations in mice. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 10, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Feng-Sheng Wang, Re-Wen Wu, Wei-Shiung Lain, Tsai-Chen Tsai, Yu-Shan Chen, Yi-Chih Sun, Huei-Jing Ke, Jui-Chen Li, Jau-Lang Hwang, Jih-Yang Ko Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Bone mineral density changes over time in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis of the thoracic spine
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is an increasingly prevalent ankylosing condition. Patients with DISH have an increased risk of spinal fractures, hypothetically the result of biomechanical changes in the spine. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of biomechanical stress shielding in patients with DISH. To do this, bone mineral density (BMD) was measured longitudinally in the vertebral bodies of subjects with and without DISH and in the newly formed bone of subjects with DISH. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 9, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jonneke S. Kuperus, Lima Samsour, Constantinus F. Buckens, F. Cumhur Oner, Pim A. de Jong, Jorrit-Jan Verlaan Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Prednisolone treatment reduces the osteogenic effects of loading in mice
Glucocorticoid treatment, a major cause of drug-induced osteoporosis and fractures, is widely used to treat inflammatory conditions and diseases. By contrast, mechanical loading increases bone mass and decreases fracture risk. With these relationships in mind, we investigated whether mechanical loading interacts with GC treatment in bone. Three-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were treated with high-dose prednisolone (15 mg/60 day pellets/mouse) or vehicle for two weeks. During the treatment, right tibiae were subjected to short periods of cyclic compressive loading three times weekly, while left tibiae were used as ph...
Source: Bone - April 7, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: I. Bergstr öm, H. Isaksson, A. Koskela, J. Tuukkanen, C. Ohlsson, G. Andersson, S.H. Windahl Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Polymorphisms in genes implicated in base excision repair (BER) pathway are associated with susceptibility to Paget's disease of bone
Paget's disease of bone (PDB) is a chronic bone metabolic disorder. Currently, PDB is the second most frequent bone disorder. PDB is a focal disorder affecting the skeleton segmentally but the cause of which is unknown. It has been hypothesised that somatic mutations could be responsible for the mosaicism described in PDB patients. Therefore, our hypothesis is that defective response to DNA damage may lead to somatic mutations favouring an increased risk of PDB. So that we have analysed polymorphisms in DNA repair genes involved in the BER, NER and DSBR pathways in order to evaluate the role of these variants in modulating...
Source: Bone - April 6, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Ricardo Usategui-Mart ín, Carlos Gutiérrez-Cerrajero, Sonia Jiménez-Vázquez, Ismael Calero-Paniagua, Judit García-Aparicio, Luis Corral-Gudino, Javier del Pino-Montes, Rogelio González-Sarmiento Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Hypoxia-selective allosteric destabilization of activin receptor-like kinases: A potential therapeutic avenue for prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification
Heterotopic ossification (HO), the pathological extraskeletal formation of bone, can arise from blast injuries, severe burns, orthopedic procedures and gain-of-function mutations in a component of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway, the ACVR1/ALK2 receptor serine-threonine (protein) kinase, causative of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). All three ALKs ( −2, −3, −6) that play roles in bone morphogenesis contribute to trauma-induced HO, hence are well-validated pharmacological targets. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 4, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Guorong Lu, Mary R. Tandang-Silvas, Alyssa C. Dawson, Trenton J. Dawson, Jay C. Groppe Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
The YAP/TAZ transcriptional co-activators have opposing effects at different stages of osteoblast differentiation
The related transcriptional co-factors YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) have been proposed to either promote or inhibit osteoblast differentiation. Here we investigated the skeletal consequences of deleting YAP and TAZ at different stages of the osteoblast lineage using Prx1-Cre, Osx1-Cre, and Dmp1-Cre transgenic mice. Prx1-Cre-mediated deletion resulted in embryonic lethality. Mice lacking both copies of TAZ and one copy of YAP in cells targeted by Prx1-Cre were viable and displayed elevated bone mass associated increased bone formation. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 4, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jinhu Xiong, Maria Almeida, Charles A. O'Brien Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Hypoxia-selective allosteric destabilization of activin receptor-like kinases: A potential therapeutic avenue for prophylaxis of heterotopic ossification
Heterotopic ossification (HO), the pathological extraskeletal formation of bone, can arise from blast injuries, severe burns, orthopedic procedures and gain-of-function mutations in a component of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway, the ACVR1/ALK2 receptor serine-threonine (protein) kinase, causative of Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). All three ALKs ( −2, −3, −6) that play roles in bone morphogenesis contribute to trauma-induced HO, hence are well-validated pharmacological targets. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 4, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Guorong Lu, Mary R. Tandang-Silvas, Alyssa C. Dawson, Trenton J. Dawson, Jay C. Groppe Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
The YAP/TAZ transcriptional co-activators have opposing effects at different stages of osteoblast differentiation
The related transcriptional co-factors YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) have been proposed to either promote or inhibit osteoblast differentiation. Here we investigated the skeletal consequences of deleting YAP and TAZ at different stages of the osteoblast lineage using Prx1-Cre, Osx1-Cre, and Dmp1-Cre transgenic mice. Prx1-Cre-mediated deletion resulted in embryonic lethality. Mice lacking both copies of TAZ and one copy of YAP in cells targeted by Prx1-Cre were viable and displayed elevated bone mass associated increased bone formation. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - April 4, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jinhu Xiong, Maria Almeida, Charles A. O'Brien Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Higher dietary carotenoid intake associated with lower risk of hip fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: A matched case-control study
Mechanism studies have suggested that carotenoids may benefit bone health due to their antioxidant properties, but epidemiological data on their effects on risk of hip fracture are sparse. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 29, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Wen-ting Cao, Fang-fang Zeng, Bao-lin Li, Jie-sheng Lin, Ya-yong Liang, Yu-ming Chen Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Inverse association between sympathetic nervous system activity and bone mass in middle aged overweight individuals
This study examined whether sympathetic activation may impact bone health in overweight adults. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 29, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Elisabeth Lambert, Sarah Phillips, Ainura Tursunalieva, Nina Eikelis, Carolina Sari, John Dixon, Nora Straznicky, Mariee Grima, Markus Schlaich, Gavin Lambert Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
Higher dietary carotenoid intake associated with lower risk of hip fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: A matched case-control study
Mechanism studies have suggested that carotenoids may benefit bone health due to their antioxidant properties, but epidemiological data on their effects on risk of hip fracture are sparse. (Source: Bone)
Source: Bone - March 29, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Wen-ting Cao, Fang-fang Zeng, Bao-lin Li, Jie-sheng Lin, Ya-yong Liang, Yu-ming Chen Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research
