Trans-atrial approach to the "Swiss-cheese" ventricular septal defects: Sandwich technique

The closure of Swiss-cheese multiple ventricular septal defects remains a difficult technical challenge and it is associated with increased mortality. Recently, the felt sandwich technique has been widely used to close muscular ventricular septal defects because the technique is simple, safe, effective, and reproducible. This technique may be useful, especially in complex cases, because it does not require prolonged surgical time. However, the use of numerous felt patches may disturb the movement of interventricular septum and cause cardiac dysfunction in infants.
Source: Operative Techniques in Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery - Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Tags: Congenital Source Type: research