Expression of mRNAs Encoding Hypothalamic Small Proteins, Neurosecretory Protein GL and Neurosecretory Protein GM, in the Japanese Quail, < em > Coturnix japonica < /em >
Zoolog Sci. 2024 Feb;41(1):50-59. doi: 10.2108/zs230070.ABSTRACTNeurosecretory protein GL (NPGL) and neurosecretory protein GM (NPGM) are novel neuropeptides that have been discovered in the hypothalamic infundibulum of chickens. NPGL and NPGM play important roles in lipid metabolism in juvenile chickens. The physiological functions of NPGL and NPGM in sexually mature birds remain unknown. The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) seems to be an appropriate model for analyzing NPGL and NPGM during sexual maturity. However, studies on NPGL or NPGM have yet to be reported in the Japanese quail. In the present study, we identifi...
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Masaki Kato Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena Yuki Narimatsu Megumi Furumitsu Kazuyoshi Ukena Source Type: research
Update on Feeding Regulation by Ghrelin in Birds: Focused on Brain Network
Zoolog Sci. 2024 Feb;41(1):39-49. doi: 10.2108/zs230071.ABSTRACTGhrelin is known to be a feeding stimulatory hormone in mammals, but in birds, in contrast to mammals, the feeding behavior is regulated in inhibitory manners. This is because the neuropeptides associated with the regulation in the brain are different from those in mammals, i.e., it has been shown that, in chickens, a corticotropin-releasing hormone family peptide, urocortin, which is a feeding-inhibitory peptide, is mainly involved in the inhibitory mechanism. However, feeding is also regulated by various neurotransmitters in the brain, and recently, their in...
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Hiroyuki Kaiya Source Type: research
Analyses of mRNA Expression Levels of Pituitary Hormones, Their Hypothalamic Regulating Factors, and Receptors Involved in Metamorphosis with Special Reference to the Summer and Winter Seasons
Zoolog Sci. 2024 Feb;41(1):32-38. doi: 10.2108/zs230080.ABSTRACTBullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) larvae inhabiting the main island of Japan overwinter as preclimax animals, whereas the larvae that reached climax in summer complete metamorphosis. We analyzed the mRNA expression levels of the adenohypophyseal hormones, hypothalamic hormones, and their receptors that are involved in controlling metamorphosis in tadpoles at various developmental stages available in summer and winter in order to understand the hormonal mechanism regulating metamorphosis progression. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and thyrotropin β-subunit (TS...
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Yuki Matsumoto Natsuno Kowata Sakae Kikuyama Reiko Okada Source Type: research
Cellular Energy Sensor Sirt1 Augments Mapk Signaling to Promote Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Catch-up Growth in Zebrafish Embryo
Zoolog Sci. 2024 Feb;41(1):21-31. doi: 10.2108/zs230059.ABSTRACTAnimal growth is blunted in adverse environments where catabolic metabolism dominates; however, when the adversity disappears, stunted animals rapidly catch up to age-equivalent body size. This phenomenon is called catch-up growth, which we observe in various animals. Since growth retardation and catch-up growth are sequential processes, catabolism or stress response molecules may remain active, especially immediately after growth resumes. Sirtuins (Sirt1-7) deacetylate target proteins in a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent manner, and these enzymes ...
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Oki Hayasaka Mukaze Shibukawa Hiroyasu Kamei Source Type: research
Identification and Physiological Assays of Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormones in the Japanese Spiny Lobster, < em > Panulirus japonicus < /em >
In this study, we identified two CHHs from the sinus glands of P. japonicus using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in order to elucidate their physiological function for the first time.PMID:38587513 | DOI:10.2108/zs230041 (Source: Zoological Science)
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Kenji Toyota Yuki Kamio Tsuyoshi Ohira Source Type: research
Endocrine Regulation of Aging in the Fruit Fly < em > Drosophila melanogaster < /em >
Zoolog Sci. 2024 Feb;41(1):4-13. doi: 10.2108/zs230056.ABSTRACTThe past few decades have witnessed increasing research clarifying the role of endocrine signaling in the regulation of aging in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Studies using the model organism fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have largely advanced our understanding of evolutionarily conserved mechanisms in the endocrinology of aging and anti-aging. Mutations in single genes involved in endocrine signaling modify lifespan, as do alterations of endocrine signaling in a tissue- or cell-specific manner, highlighting a central role of endocrine signaling in co...
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Qingyin Qian Ryusuke Niwa Source Type: research
Recent Advances in Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Systems
Zoolog Sci. 2024 Feb;41(1):1-3. doi: 10.2108/zsj.41.1.ABSTRACTThe endocrine and neuroendocrine systems exert powerful and broad control over the regulation of homeostasis in animals. Secreted hormones play significant roles in lifetime-related events such as germ cell development, sexual maturation, development, metamorphosis, aging, feeding, and energy metabolism. Additionally, hormones, particularly sex steroid hormones, are involved in reproduction, including sexual behavior and dimorphism. Changes in body color protect against external enemies, and circadian rhythms direct physiology and behaviors in synchrony with lig...
Source: Zoological Science - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Kazuyoshi Ukena Reiko Okada Source Type: research
The role of uncertainty in regulating associative change.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Vol 50(2), Apr 2024, 77-98; doi:10.1037/xan0000375Rescorla (2000, 2001) interpreted his compound test results to show that both common and individual error terms regulate associative change such that the element of a conditioned compound with the greater prediction error undergoes greater associative change than the one with the smaller prediction error. However, it has recently been suggested that uncertainty, not prediction error, is the primary determinant of associative change in people (Spicer et al., 2020, 2022). The current experiments use the compou...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Source Type: research
Cue duration and trial spacing effects in contingency assessment in the streaming procedure with humans.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Vol 50(2), Apr 2024, 99-117; doi:10.1037/xan0000376According to the cycle/trial (C/T) rule, the rate of associative learning is a function of the ratio between the overall rate of U.S. presentation (C) and its rate in the presence of the conditioned stimulus (CS; [T]). This rule is well supported in studies with nonhumans. The present study was conducted to test whether it also applies to human contingency learning. In Experiment 1, participants were exposed to rapid streams of trials. Sensitivity to the cue-outcome contingency varied with both intertrial i...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Source Type: research
An analysis of reinstatement after extinction of a conditioned taste aversion.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Vol 50(2), Apr 2024, 144-160; doi:10.1037/xan0000378Taste aversion learning has sometimes been considered a specialized form of learning. In several other conditioning preparations, after a conditioned stimulus (CS) is conditioned and extinguished, reexposure to the unconditioned stimulus (US) by itself can reinstate the extinguished conditioned response. Reinstatement has been widely studied in fear and appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, as well as operant conditioning, but its status in taste aversion learning is more controversial. Six taste-aversion exp...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - April 8, 2024 Category: Zoology Source Type: research
Effect of dietary fat on proximal composition, sensorial analysis and shelf life of a traditional Spanish cooked pork product “Lomo de Sajonia” from Iberian pork
This study aims to evaluate the effect of different dietary fat sources on the quality of a Spanish-cooked meat product Lomo de Sajonia (LSA) and its shelf-life. Forty loins were selected from Iberian pigs fed four dietary treatments containing pork fat (G-1), Greedy-Grass Olive ® (GGO) (enriched oleic-acid oil) (G-2), G-2 and high oleic sunflower (G-3), and G-3 plus a mixture of commercial organic acids (Bioll®) (G-4). Loins were manufactured to obtain LSA, and the quality and sensorial attributes were assessed. The shelf life was established according to microbial count and sensorial analysis, which was packed in a mod...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 7, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: Ainhoa Sarmiento ‐García,
Begoña Rubio,
Beatriz Martinez,
Juan‐José García,
Ceferina Vieira Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Pregnancy losses in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients assigned to a fixed-time embryo transfer protocol
Anim Reprod Sci. 2024 Apr 3;264:107471. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107471. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPregnancy losses from fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET) to calving were evaluated in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients. Data from 4366 FTET events were collected from Nelore × Angus recipient heifers, and from 38538 FTET events in Gir × Holstein recipient heifers and cows. In beef recipients, pregnancy losses were greater (P < 0.01) from FTET (day 7 of the experiment) to day 32 compared with day 32-100 and with day 100 to calving (58.7, 39.5, and 36.7%, respectively), and did not differ (P = 0.5...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 6, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: S K Munhoz R F Cooke A K Munhoz C P Prado M H C Pereira J L M Vasconcelos Source Type: research
Pregnancy losses in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients assigned to a fixed-time embryo transfer protocol
Anim Reprod Sci. 2024 Apr 3;264:107471. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107471. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPregnancy losses from fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET) to calving were evaluated in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients. Data from 4366 FTET events were collected from Nelore × Angus recipient heifers, and from 38538 FTET events in Gir × Holstein recipient heifers and cows. In beef recipients, pregnancy losses were greater (P < 0.01) from FTET (day 7 of the experiment) to day 32 compared with day 32-100 and with day 100 to calving (58.7, 39.5, and 36.7%, respectively), and did not differ (P = 0.5...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 6, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: S K Munhoz R F Cooke A K Munhoz C P Prado M H C Pereira J L M Vasconcelos Source Type: research
Pregnancy losses in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients assigned to a fixed-time embryo transfer protocol
Anim Reprod Sci. 2024 Apr 3;264:107471. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107471. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPregnancy losses from fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET) to calving were evaluated in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients. Data from 4366 FTET events were collected from Nelore × Angus recipient heifers, and from 38538 FTET events in Gir × Holstein recipient heifers and cows. In beef recipients, pregnancy losses were greater (P < 0.01) from FTET (day 7 of the experiment) to day 32 compared with day 32-100 and with day 100 to calving (58.7, 39.5, and 36.7%, respectively), and did not differ (P = 0.5...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 6, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: S K Munhoz R F Cooke A K Munhoz C P Prado M H C Pereira J L M Vasconcelos Source Type: research
Pregnancy losses in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients assigned to a fixed-time embryo transfer protocol
Anim Reprod Sci. 2024 Apr 3;264:107471. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107471. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPregnancy losses from fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET) to calving were evaluated in Bos indicus-influenced beef and dairy recipients. Data from 4366 FTET events were collected from Nelore × Angus recipient heifers, and from 38538 FTET events in Gir × Holstein recipient heifers and cows. In beef recipients, pregnancy losses were greater (P < 0.01) from FTET (day 7 of the experiment) to day 32 compared with day 32-100 and with day 100 to calving (58.7, 39.5, and 36.7%, respectively), and did not differ (P = 0.5...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 6, 2024 Category: Zoology Authors: S K Munhoz R F Cooke A K Munhoz C P Prado M H C Pereira J L M Vasconcelos Source Type: research
