Evidence for Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in Lineage Specification During Mouse and Human Preimplantation Development
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):481-494. doi: 10.59249/FOSI4358. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTProper formation of the blastocyst, including the specification of the first embryonic cellular lineages, is required to ensure healthy embryo development and can significantly impact the success of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). However, the regulatory role of microRNAs in early development, particularly in the context of preimplantation lineage specification, remains largely unknown. Taking a cross-species approach, this review aims to summarize the expression dynamics and functional significance of microRNAs in t...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Savana Biondic Sophie Petropoulos Source Type: research

CRNDE: A Pivotal Oncogenic Long Non-Coding RNA in Cancers
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):511-526. doi: 10.59249/VHYE2306. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTColorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed (CRNDE), a long non-coding RNA that was initially identified as aberrantly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) has also been observed to exhibit elevated expression in various other human malignancies. Recent research has accumulated substantial evidence implicating CRNDE as an oncogenic player, exerting influence over critical cellular processes linked to cancer progression. Particularly, its regulatory interactions with microRNAs and proteins have been shown to modulate pathways ...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Yi Zhen Hor Shamala Salvamani Baskaran Gunasekaran Koh Rhun Yian Source Type: research

The Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Hypertrophic Scars Post-Burn Injury
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):549-563. doi: 10.59249/RHUF5686. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTScar formation is a normal response to skin injuries. During the scar-remodeling phase, scar tissue is usually replaced with normal, functional tissue. However, after deep burn injuries, the scar tissue may persist and lead to contractures around joints, a condition known as hypertrophic scar tissue. Unfortunately, current treatment options for hypertrophic scars, such as surgery and pressure garments, often fail to prevent their reappearance. One of the primary challenges in treating hypertrophic scars is a lack of knowledge a...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Mugdha Pradhan Prasad Pethe Source Type: research

Early Chromatin Remodeling Events in Acutely Stimulated CD8 < sup > + < /sup > T Cells
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):467-473. doi: 10.59249/AXGU7370. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTT cells undergo extensive chromatin remodeling over several days following stimulation through the T cell receptor. However, the kinetics and gene loci targeted by early remodeling events within the first 24 hours of T cell priming to orchestrate effector differentiation have not been well described. We identified that chromatin accessibility is rapidly and extensively remodeled within 1 hour of stimulation of naïve CD8+ T cells, leading to increased global chromatin accessibility at many effector T cell-associated genes that ...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Bryan McDonald Brent Y Chick Diana C Hargreaves Susan M Kaech Source Type: research

OMA1 and YME1L as a Diagnostic Panel in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):443-454. doi: 10.59249/BWBY8971. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTIdentifying new hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-driven signaling molecules and discovering their molecular mechanisms are crucial for efficient and better outcomes. Recently, OMA1 and YME1L, the inner mitochondrial proteases, were displayed to be associated with tumor progression in various cancers; however, their role in HCC has not yet been studied. Therefore, we evaluated the possible role of OMA1/YME1L in HCC staging and discussed their potential role in cellular apoptosis and proliferation. Our study was performed using fou...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Shimaa A Abass Nabil Mohie Abdel-Hamid Ahmed M Elshazly Walied Abdo Sherin Zakaria Source Type: research

Advances in Regulating Cellular Behavior Using Micropatterns
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):527-547. doi: 10.59249/UXOH1740. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTMicropatterns, characterized as distinct physical microstructures or chemical adhesion matrices on substance surfaces, have emerged as a powerful tool for manipulating cellular activity. By creating specific extracellular matrix microenvironments, micropatterns can influence various cell behaviors, including orientation, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the use of micropatterns for cell behavior regulation. It discusses the influence of mi...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Yizhou Li Wenli Jiang Xintong Zhou Yicen Long Yujia Sun Ye Zeng Xinghong Yao Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Chia Seeds and Omega-3 Fatty Acid against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oligospermia in Male Wistar Rats: Potential Risks of Adverse Drug Interaction with Chia Seeds
Conclusions: In our study, chia seeds as well as omega-3 fatty acid treatment were found to be protective against cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity in rats. However, the adverse effect of hemorrhage associated with drug interaction of chia seeds with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs needs careful attention and further investigation.PMID:38161578 | PMC:PMC10751874 | DOI:10.59249/PAEJ4854 (Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine)
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Prince B Vaghela Archana M Navale Chirangi B Patel Nishant H Patidar Prachi D Nahar Farmi Patel Zainab Pathan Barsha Kumari Source Type: research

H19: An Oncogenic Long Non-coding RNA in Colorectal Cancer
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):495-509. doi: 10.59249/TDBJ7410. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTColorectal cancer (CRC) has been recorded amongst the most common cancers in the world, with high morbidity and mortality rates, and relatively low survival rates. With risk factors such as chronic illness, age, and lifestyle associated with the development of CRC, the incidence of CRC is increasing each year. Thus, the discovery of novel biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC has become beneficial. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as potential players in several tumor types, one among them is...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Prerana R Chowdhury Shamala Salvamani Baskaran Gunasekaran Hoh B Peng Vaidehi Ulaganathan Source Type: research

Melanoma in the Breast: A Diagnostic Challenge
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):475-479. doi: 10.59249/WPKX7733. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTAlthough rare, breast metastases can mimic primary tumors, both clinically, radiologically, and histopathologically. Melanoma is a highly metastasizing tumor, and it is known as a great mimicker of tumors. Metastatic melanoma in the breast can mimic primary breast cancer and pose a diagnostic challenge. In most cases, it is associated with disseminated disease and a poor prognosis, therefore, histologic, immunohistochemical and clinical correlation is crucial in diagnosing these cases. In this case report, we discuss a 63-year-...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Marita A John Niloufar Pourfarrokh Jaya Ruth Asirvatham Source Type: research

Cell Fate: What's Evolution Got to Do With It?
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):565-568. doi: 10.59249/FBHI3484. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTTheoretical frameworks concerning cell fate typically center on proximate causes to explain how cells know what type they are meant to become. While major advances in cell fate theory have been achieved by these mechanism-focused frameworks, there are some aspects of cell decision-making that require an evolutionary interpretation. While mechanistic biologists sometimes turn to evolutionary theory to gain insights about cell fate (cancer is a good example), it is not entirely clear in cell fate theory what insights evolutionary...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Grant Ramsey Pierre M Durand Source Type: research

Enhancing Our Understanding of Cell Types, Differentiation, and Disease Through Enhancers: An Interview with C ésar Daniel Meléndez-Ramírez, MS
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):569-572. eCollection 2023 Dec.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38161574 | PMC:PMC10751870 (Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine)
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Reem Abu-Shamma Source Type: research

Evidence for Functional Roles of MicroRNAs in Lineage Specification During Mouse and Human Preimplantation Development
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):481-494. doi: 10.59249/FOSI4358. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTProper formation of the blastocyst, including the specification of the first embryonic cellular lineages, is required to ensure healthy embryo development and can significantly impact the success of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). However, the regulatory role of microRNAs in early development, particularly in the context of preimplantation lineage specification, remains largely unknown. Taking a cross-species approach, this review aims to summarize the expression dynamics and functional significance of microRNAs in t...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Savana Biondic Sophie Petropoulos Source Type: research

CRNDE: A Pivotal Oncogenic Long Non-Coding RNA in Cancers
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):511-526. doi: 10.59249/VHYE2306. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTColorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed (CRNDE), a long non-coding RNA that was initially identified as aberrantly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) has also been observed to exhibit elevated expression in various other human malignancies. Recent research has accumulated substantial evidence implicating CRNDE as an oncogenic player, exerting influence over critical cellular processes linked to cancer progression. Particularly, its regulatory interactions with microRNAs and proteins have been shown to modulate pathways ...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Yi Zhen Hor Shamala Salvamani Baskaran Gunasekaran Koh Rhun Yian Source Type: research

The Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Hypertrophic Scars Post-Burn Injury
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):549-563. doi: 10.59249/RHUF5686. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTScar formation is a normal response to skin injuries. During the scar-remodeling phase, scar tissue is usually replaced with normal, functional tissue. However, after deep burn injuries, the scar tissue may persist and lead to contractures around joints, a condition known as hypertrophic scar tissue. Unfortunately, current treatment options for hypertrophic scars, such as surgery and pressure garments, often fail to prevent their reappearance. One of the primary challenges in treating hypertrophic scars is a lack of knowledge a...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Mugdha Pradhan Prasad Pethe Source Type: research

Early Chromatin Remodeling Events in Acutely Stimulated CD8 < sup > + < /sup > T Cells
Yale J Biol Med. 2023 Dec 29;96(4):467-473. doi: 10.59249/AXGU7370. eCollection 2023 Dec.ABSTRACTT cells undergo extensive chromatin remodeling over several days following stimulation through the T cell receptor. However, the kinetics and gene loci targeted by early remodeling events within the first 24 hours of T cell priming to orchestrate effector differentiation have not been well described. We identified that chromatin accessibility is rapidly and extensively remodeled within 1 hour of stimulation of naïve CD8+ T cells, leading to increased global chromatin accessibility at many effector T cell-associated genes that ...
Source: The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine - January 1, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Bryan McDonald Brent Y Chick Diana C Hargreaves Susan M Kaech Source Type: research