Current Role of Conventional Radiology in Rheumatology
The correct interpretation of the most common radiological findings in rheumatological diseases can be pivotal for an accurate diagnosis. X rays offer immediacy, worldwide availability, affordability, and the ability to detect subtle bone changes. Numerous scoring systems that have been developed to support clinical practice are based on joint damage that can be observed on X rays. Metabolic, degenerative, infective, and inflammatory processes manifest as distinct alterations in joints and their identification can be challenging. In this review, the authors will discuss the most common radiological findings in hands, hips,...
Source: Radiologic Clinics of North America - April 23, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Francesco Arrigoni, Julia Daffin à, Antonio Barile Source Type: research
An investigation into augmentation and preprocessing for optimising X-ray classification in limited datasets: a case study on necrotising enterocolitis
ConclusionBased on an extensive validation of preprocessing and augmentation techniques, our work showcases the previously unreported potential of image preprocessing in AXR classification tasks with limited datasets. Our findings can be extended to other medical tasks for designing reliable classifier models with limited X-ray datasets. Ultimately, we also provide a benchmark for automated NEC detection and classification from AXRs. (Source: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery)
Source: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery - April 23, 2024 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research
Outcomes of repeat X-rays of the chest recommended by radiology of patients discharged from the emergency department
This study sought to determine how often a follow-up CXR altered patient management. This single-centre study took place in an ED with approximately 53 000 annual presentations. All CXRs are reviewed for acute findings and actioned during the ED visit by the attending emergency medicine clinicians. Radiology reports typically only become available after the patient has been discharged. Previously, our ED forwarded these reports to the patient’s general practitioner (GP). The local GP committee raised concerns that patients would not necessarily... (Source: Emergency Medicine Journal)
Source: Emergency Medicine Journal - April 22, 2024 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Headon, R., Hughes, L., Layden, R., Geary, O., Fitzgerald, D., Halpenny, D., McCabe, A. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research
Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering applied to lipid-based nanoparticles: Recent advancements across different length scales
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2024 Apr 12;327:103156. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103156. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLipid-based nanoparticles (LNPs), ranging from nanovesicles to non-lamellar assemblies, have gained significant attention in recent years, as versatile carriers for delivering drugs, vaccines, and nutrients. Small-angle scattering methods, employing X-rays (SAXS) or neutrons (SANS), represent unique tools to unveil structure, dynamics, and interactions of such particles on different length scales, spanning from the nano to the molecular scale. This review explores the state-of-the-art on scattering methods appli...
Source: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science - April 21, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lucrezia Caselli Laura Conti Ilaria De Santis Debora Berti Source Type: research
Uncertainties in ocular proton planning and their impact on required margins
Ocular proton therapy (OPT) for uveal melanoma dates back to 1975 at the Harvard Cylcotron Laboratory and up to date more than 45,000 patients have been treated worldwide with exceptional success rates [1]. Although technical improvements occurred mainly with respect to treatment planning and imaging, the general concept has stayed more or less the same: a geometric eye model is constructed and the positioning of the target relative to the beam isocenter is achieved by means of orthogonal X-rays, which show the radio-opaque tantalum markers sutured to the outer eyeball. (Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics)
Source: Physica Medica: European Journal of Medical Physics - April 21, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: J örg Wulff, Benjamin Koska, Dalia Ahmad Khalil, Ronald Richter, Claus Maximilian Bäcker, Christian Bäumer, Andreas Foerster, Nikolaos E. Bechrakis, Beate Timmermann Source Type: research
A prospective randomized control trial comparing outcomes of casting, pinning, and plating for distal end of radius fractures (AO type A2, A3, C1, or C2) in the elderly population
CONCLUSION: The study found a radiologically significant difference between groups throughout the follow-up, but it did not affect functional results. Clinical outcomes were similar across the groups, with plating showing better palmar flexion and radial deviation. Grip strength was also better in the plating group, but statistically insignificant. The study suggests plating should be chosen over other treatments for high-demand patients.PMID:38642122 | DOI:10.1007/s00590-024-03949-z (Source: Hand Surgery)
Source: Hand Surgery - April 20, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Owais Ahmed Pradeep Balakrishnan Ramesh Perumal Devendra Agraharam Purnaganapathi Sundaram Velmurugesan Dheenadhayalan Jayaramaraju Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran Source Type: research
A prospective randomized control trial comparing outcomes of casting, pinning, and plating for distal end of radius fractures (AO type A2, A3, C1, or C2) in the elderly population
ConclusionThe study found a radiologically significant difference between groups throughout the follow-up, but it did not affect functional results. Clinical outcomes were similar across the groups, with plating showing better palmar flexion and radial deviation. Grip strength was also better in the plating group, but statistically insignificant. The study suggests plating should be chosen over other treatments for high-demand patients. (Source: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology)
Source: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology - April 20, 2024 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Projection domain decomposition denoising algorithm based on low rank and similarity-based regularization
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed algorithm has a significantly improved noise reduction compared to other competing approach in dual-energy CT. Meanwhile, the LRSBR method exhibits outstanding performance in preserving edges and fine structures, making it practical for PDD applications.PMID:38640141 | DOI:10.3233/XST-230248 (Source: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology)
Source: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology - April 19, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Chang Lu Zhenye Han Jing Zou Source Type: research
Transmastoid pediatric penetrating brain injury, interdisciplinary, and tailored patient's treatment
CONCLUSION: Radiological tools, notably skull X-rays and head CT scans, are pivotal for the precise diagnosis of pediatric PBI. The combined mastoidectomy and retro sigmoid craniotomy approach offers a safe and efficient means of foreign body removal. Tailoring treatments to individual patient needs enhances outcomes.PMID:38628538 | PMC:PMC11021077 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_18_2024 (Source: Surgical Neurology International)
Source: Surgical Neurology International - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Tommy Alfandy Nazwar Farhad Bal'afif Donny Wisnu Wardhana Akmal Niam Firdaus Masyhudi Christin Panjaitan Source Type: research
High-energy X-ray diffraction experiment employing a compact synchrotron X-ray source based on inverse Compton scattering
This study demonstrates high-energy XRD at an ICS with strongly absorbing mineralogical samples embedded in soft tissue. A quantitative comparison of the measured XRD patterns with calculations of their expected shapes validates the performance of ICSs for XRD. This analysis was performed for two types of kidney stones of different materials. Since these stones are not isolated in a human body, the influence of the surrounding soft tissue on the XRD pattern is investigated and a correction for this soft tissue contribution is introduced.PMID:38631968 | DOI:10.1016/j.zemedi.2024.03.003 (Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik)
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - April 17, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Johannes Melcher Martin Dierolf Benedikt G ünther Klaus Achterhold Daniela Pfeiffer Franz Pfeiffer Source Type: research
High-energy X-ray diffraction experiment employing a compact synchrotron X-ray source based on inverse Compton scattering
This study demonstrates high-energy XRD at an ICS with strongly absorbing mineralogical samples embedded in soft tissue. A quantitative comparison of the measured XRD patterns with calculations of their expected shapes validates the performance of ICSs for XRD. This analysis was performed for two types of kidney stones of different materials. Since these stones are not isolated in a human body, the influence of the surrounding soft tissue on the XRD pattern is investigated and a correction for this soft tissue contribution is introduced.PMID:38631968 | DOI:10.1016/j.zemedi.2024.03.003 (Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik)
Source: Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik - April 17, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Johannes Melcher Martin Dierolf Benedikt G ünther Klaus Achterhold Daniela Pfeiffer Franz Pfeiffer Source Type: research
Transmastoid pediatric penetrating brain injury, interdisciplinary, and tailored patient's treatment
CONCLUSION: Radiological tools, notably skull X-rays and head CT scans, are pivotal for the precise diagnosis of pediatric PBI. The combined mastoidectomy and retro sigmoid craniotomy approach offers a safe and efficient means of foreign body removal. Tailoring treatments to individual patient needs enhances outcomes.PMID:38628538 | PMC:PMC11021077 | DOI:10.25259/SNI_18_2024 (Source: Surgical Neurology International)
Source: Surgical Neurology International - April 17, 2024 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Tommy Alfandy Nazwar Farhad Bal'afif Donny Wisnu Wardhana Akmal Niam Firdaus Masyhudi Christin Panjaitan Source Type: research
Isolated dentinogenesis imperfecta: Novel DSPP variants and insights on genetic counselling
Conclusions and clinical relevanceOur study extends the number ofDSPP pathogenic variants and strengthens the fact thatDSPP is the most common DI causative gene irrespective of patients ’ ethnicity. In addition, we provide insights on genetic counseling issues in patients with inheritedDSPP variants taking into consideration the variable religion, culture and laws in our society. (Source: Clinical Oral Investigations)
Source: Clinical Oral Investigations - April 17, 2024 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy in fourth-generation storage rings
Fourth-generation synchrotron storage rings represent a significant milestone in synchrotron technology, offering outstandingly bright and tightly focused X-ray beams for a wide range of scientific applications. However, due to their inherently tight magnetic lattices, these storage rings have posed critical challenges for accessing lower-energy radiation, such as infrared (IR) and THz. Here the first-ever IR beamline to be installed and to operate at a fourth-generation synchrotron storage ring is introduced. This work encompasses several notable advancements, including a thorough examination of the new IR source at Siriu...
Source: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation - April 17, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: Santos, T.M. Lordano, S. Mayer, R.A. Volpe, L. Rodrigues, G.M. Meyer, B. Westfahl, H. Freitas, R.O. Tags: fourth-generation synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy scattering scanning near-field microscopy nano-FTIR Imbuia at Sirius research papers Source Type: research
X-ray focusing below 3 nm with aberration-corrected multilayer Laue lenses
Multilayer Laue lenses are volume diffractive optical elements for hard X-rays with the potential to focus beams to sizes as small as 1 nm. ... (Source: Optics Express)
Source: Optics Express - April 16, 2024 Category: Physics Authors: J. Lukas Dresselhaus Margarita Zakharova Nikolay Ivanov Holger Fleckenstein Mauro Prasciolu Oleksandr Yefanov Chufeng Li Wenhui Zhang Philipp Middendorf Dmitry Egorov Ivan De Gennaro Aquino Henry N. Chapman Sa š a Bajt Source Type: research
