LLL Programme – Micronutrients 44 -4 : Micronutrients in acute disease and critical illness
Micronutrients (MN), i.e. trace elements and vitamins, are essential components of the diet in relatively small amounts in any form of nutrition, with special needs in critically ill patients.Critical illness is characterised by the presence of inflammation and oxidative stress. MNs are tightly involved in antioxidant and immune defences. In addition, some conditions, and treatments result in large losses of biological fluids containing MNs: therefore, acute renal injury requiring renal replacement therapy, acute intestinal failure, and major burns and trauma are at high risk of acute depletion of body stores, and of defic...
Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN - April 17, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Ang élique M.E. de Man, Karin Amrein, Michael P. Casaer, Oguzhan S. Dizdar, Arthur R.H. van Zanten, Kursat Gundogan, Liis Lepp, Serge Rezzi, Alan Shenkin, Mette M. Berger, the ESPEN MN special interest group Source Type: research
LLL Programme – Micronutrients 44 - 2 – Vitamins in clinical nutrition
Vitamins are essential organic molecules, which are required in the diet in relatively small amounts in any form of nutrition (oral, enteral, parenteral). Despite the small amounts that are required, the vitamins are essential both for maintenance of health, growth, and treatment of disease.After reminding about the principal function of all the vitamins, their needs and the clinical consequences of their deficit, the text present some common clinical problems: the impact of inflammation on the assessment of status. (Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN)
Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN - April 17, 2024 Category: Nutrition Authors: Karin Amrein, Ang élique M.E. de Man, Oguzhan S. Dizdar, Kursat Gundogan, Michael P. Casaer, Hanna-Liis Lepp, Serge Rezzi, Arthur RH. van Zanten, Alan Shenkin, Mette M. Berger, the ESPEN Micronutrient Special Interest Group (SIG-MN) Source Type: research
Roles of Nutrients in the Brain Development, Cognitive Function, and Mood of Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:177-202. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_8.ABSTRACTThe brain is the central commander of all physical activities and the expression of emotions in animals. Its development and cognitive health critically depend on the neural network that consists of neurons, glial cells (namely, non-neuronal cells), and neurotransmitters (communicators between neurons). The latter include proteinogenic amino acids (e.g., L-glutamate, L-aspartate, and glycine) and their metabolites [e.g., γ-aminobutyrate, D-aspartate, D-serine, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and monoamines (e.g., dopamine, norep...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Characteristics of Nutrition and Metabolism in Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:55-98. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_4.ABSTRACTDomestic dogs and cats have evolved differentially in some aspects of nutrition, metabolism, chemical sensing, and feeding behavior. The dogs have adapted to omnivorous diets containing taurine-abundant meat and starch-rich plant ingredients. By contrast, domestic cats must consume animal-sourced foods for survival, growth, and development. Both dogs and cats synthesize vitamin C and many amino acids (AAs, such as alanine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, and serine), but have a limited ability to form de novo arginine...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Peng Li Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Recent Advances in the Nutrition and Metabolism of Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:1-14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_1.ABSTRACTDomestic dogs (facultative carnivores) and cats (obligate carnivores) have been human companions for at least 12,000 and 9000 years, respectively. These animal species have a relatively short digestive tract but a large stomach volume and share many common features of physiological processes, intestinal microbes, and nutrient metabolism. The taste buds of the canine and feline tongues can distinguish sour, umami, bitter, and salty substances. Dogs, but not cats, possess sweet receptors. α-Amylase activity is either absent or very low in canine and ...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Characteristics of the Digestive Tract of Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:15-38. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_2.ABSTRACTAs for other mammals, the digestive system of dogs (facultative carnivores) and cats (obligate carnivores) includes the mouth, teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory digestive organs (salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). These carnivores have a relatively shorter digestive tract but longer canine teeth, a tighter digitation of molars, and a greater stomach volume than omnivorous mammals such as humans and pigs. Both dogs and cats have no detectable or a very low activity of salivar...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Wenliang He Erin D Connolly Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Testing for the lupus anticoagulant: the good, the bad, and the ugly
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2024 Mar 18;8(3):102385. doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102385. eCollection 2024 Mar.ABSTRACTLupus anticoagulant (LA) represents 1 of the laboratory criteria for classification of patients as having definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The other 2 laboratory criteria are anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies. At least 1 of these antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) tests need to be positive, with evidence of persistence, together with evidence of at least 1 clinical criterion for APS, before a patient can be classified as having definite APS. LA and other aPL assays are als...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - April 16, 2024 Category: Hematology Authors: Emmanuel J Favaloro Leonardo Pasalic Rita Selby Source Type: research
Practical Suggestions for an Optimal Management of Vitamin K Antagonists: Italian Federation of Centers for the Diagnosis of Thrombotic Disorders and the Surveillance of the Antithrombotic Therapies (FCSA) Position Paper
Thromb Haemost. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1782688. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn the era of direct oral anticoagulants, vitamin K antagonists retain a clinically relevant role in thrombotic disorders. In Italy, approximately 20% of the patients on anticoagulant therapies receives a VKA, in most cases warfarin. The optimal management of this drug is challenging and cannot disregard its intricate and unpredictable pharmacokinetic properties and patient's thrombotic and bleeding risk. Several clinical issues encountered during warfarin treatment are still unanswered and are tentatively addressed by physicians. In th...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - April 16, 2024 Category: Hematology Authors: Silvia Galliazzo Paolo Bucciarelli Doris Barcellona Antonio Ciampa Elvira Grandone Giuseppe Malcangi Giuseppe Rescigno Alessandro Squizzato Vincenzo Toschi Sophie Testa Daniela Poli Source Type: research
Roles of Nutrients in the Brain Development, Cognitive Function, and Mood of Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:177-202. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_8.ABSTRACTThe brain is the central commander of all physical activities and the expression of emotions in animals. Its development and cognitive health critically depend on the neural network that consists of neurons, glial cells (namely, non-neuronal cells), and neurotransmitters (communicators between neurons). The latter include proteinogenic amino acids (e.g., L-glutamate, L-aspartate, and glycine) and their metabolites [e.g., γ-aminobutyrate, D-aspartate, D-serine, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and monoamines (e.g., dopamine, norep...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Characteristics of Nutrition and Metabolism in Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:55-98. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_4.ABSTRACTDomestic dogs and cats have evolved differentially in some aspects of nutrition, metabolism, chemical sensing, and feeding behavior. The dogs have adapted to omnivorous diets containing taurine-abundant meat and starch-rich plant ingredients. By contrast, domestic cats must consume animal-sourced foods for survival, growth, and development. Both dogs and cats synthesize vitamin C and many amino acids (AAs, such as alanine, asparagine, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, and serine), but have a limited ability to form de novo arginine...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Peng Li Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Characteristics of the Digestive Tract of Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:15-38. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_2.ABSTRACTAs for other mammals, the digestive system of dogs (facultative carnivores) and cats (obligate carnivores) includes the mouth, teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory digestive organs (salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). These carnivores have a relatively shorter digestive tract but longer canine teeth, a tighter digitation of molars, and a greater stomach volume than omnivorous mammals such as humans and pigs. Both dogs and cats have no detectable or a very low activity of salivar...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Wenliang He Erin D Connolly Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Recent Advances in the Nutrition and Metabolism of Dogs and Cats
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1446:1-14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-54192-6_1.ABSTRACTDomestic dogs (facultative carnivores) and cats (obligate carnivores) have been human companions for at least 12,000 and 9000 years, respectively. These animal species have a relatively short digestive tract but a large stomach volume and share many common features of physiological processes, intestinal microbes, and nutrient metabolism. The taste buds of the canine and feline tongues can distinguish sour, umami, bitter, and salty substances. Dogs, but not cats, possess sweet receptors. α-Amylase activity is either absent or very low in canine and ...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 16, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Guoyao Wu Source Type: research
Testing for the lupus anticoagulant: the good, the bad, and the ugly
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2024 Mar 18;8(3):102385. doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102385. eCollection 2024 Mar.ABSTRACTLupus anticoagulant (LA) represents 1 of the laboratory criteria for classification of patients as having definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The other 2 laboratory criteria are anticardiolipin antibodies and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies. At least 1 of these antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) tests need to be positive, with evidence of persistence, together with evidence of at least 1 clinical criterion for APS, before a patient can be classified as having definite APS. LA and other aPL assays are als...
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - April 16, 2024 Category: Hematology Authors: Emmanuel J Favaloro Leonardo Pasalic Rita Selby Source Type: research
Production of Vitamin K2-7 from Soybean Using Bacterial Fermentation and its Optimization at Different Salt Concentrations
Industrial Biotechnology,Volume 20, Issue 2, Page 60-66, April 2024. (Source: Industrial Biotechnology)
Source: Industrial Biotechnology - April 16, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Abhay Dinker Drashti Babaria Aadarsh Jha Ganesh Bajad Jeel Sukhanandi Yatri Patel Source Type: research
