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A Comparative Analysis of Prehospital Emergency Treatments: Midazolam Intramuscularly, Diazepam Enema, and Chloral Hydrate Enema for Pediatric Convulsions
CONCLUSIONS: MDL intramuscular injection, DZP enema, and CH enema were effective prehospital treatments for pediatric acute convulsions. MDL intramuscular injection demonstrated advantages such as fast onset, reliable efficacy, ease of use, and high safety, making it more suitable for the prehospital treatment of pediatric convulsions.PMID:37573586 (Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine)
Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine - August 13, 2023 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Yao Cheng Fujun Yao Yanling Chen Source Type: research

The Art of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia: “Better” can be Difficult to Quantify
Specific techniques have known strengths and weaknesses in cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia. In this issue of the Journal, Heybati et al. presented a network meta-analysis of postoperative outcomes associated with volatile and intravenous anesthetics in patients undergoing cardiac, thoracic, and vascular surgery. 1 The authors examined 53 randomized controlled trials encompassing 8,085 patients. 1 A propofol-based total intravenous anesthetic (TIVA) served as the control. Ten other groups, including volatile anesthetics, xenon, diazepam and ketamine, thiopental, midazolam, and the combination of sevoflurane and propo...
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia - August 9, 2023 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Nicolas Kumar, Amit Bardia Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Complete investigations (autopsy, toxicology, and histology) in a death due to apixaban overdose
AbstractThe dead body of a 54-year-old man was found at home by his partner. He was off work due to depression. A letter with suicidal intention was present on the scene. He was known to be a heavy drinker, and near the body, an empty bottle of whisky was found. In addition, 2 empty blisters of Eliquis (apixaban) 5 mg, corresponding to 40 tablets, were identified. Apixaban is an oral anticoagulant, acting as a factor Xa inhibitor. Autopsy findings were mostly unremarkable, except numerous bruises and some superficial self-inflected wounds. Histology showed hematomas of calyces and renal pelvis and in the liver, several are...
Source: International Journal of Legal Medicine - August 5, 2023 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research

Behavioral and electrophysiological (ECoG) effects of haplophyllum robustum and TRPA1 antagonist in adult male wistar rats
This article aimed to investigate the effects of Haplophyllum robustum hydroalcoholic extract on animals' behavioral and electrocorticographic changes. This plant is mainly found in Turkey, Iran, and Central Asia, and is reported to have convulsive effects. In this article, we worked on the effects of its hydroalcoholic extract on electrocorticography (ECoG), along with changes induced by intracerebroventricular administration of GABAA antagonists. Furthermore, the effects of low doses of this extract on behavioral depression were examined. Four animal sets were used to compare ECoG in Wistar rats. A group of negative cont...
Source: Toxicon - August 4, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Maedeh Rahati Quchani Elham Farmanesh Asieh Esmaili Ali Moghimi Masoud Fereidoni Saeed Rahati Quchani Source Type: research

Inhibitory and excitatory synaptic neuroadaptations in the diazepam tolerant brain
Neurobiol Dis. 2023 Aug 1:106248. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106248. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBenzodiazepine (BZ) drugs treat seizures, anxiety, insomnia, and alcohol withdrawal by potentiating γ2 subunit containing GABA type A receptors (GABAARs). BZ clinical use is hampered by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms including heightened seizure susceptibility, panic, and sleep disturbances. Here, we investigated inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic plasticity in mice tolerant to benzodiazepine sedation. Repeated diazepam (DZP) treatment diminished sedative effects and decreased DZP potentiation of GABAAR synapt...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - August 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Joshua M Lorenz-Guertin Nadya Povysheva Caitlyn A Chapman Matthew L MacDonald Marco Fazzari Aparna Nigam Jessica L Nuwer Sabyasachi Das Megan L Brady Katarina Vajn Matthew J Bambino Susan T Weintraub Jon W Johnson Tija C Jacob Source Type: research

Baclofen during alcohol detoxification reduces the need for additional diazepam: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
This study investigated the need for diazepam during acute alcohol withdrawal in patients receiving baclofen. In a single-blind, dose-dependent randomized controlled trial with three study arms, 63 patients with alcohol use disorder, starting in-patient benzodiazepine-assisted alcohol detoxification, were randomly assigned to receive placebo (n = 18), baclofen 30 mg/day (N = 20), or baclofen 60 mg/day (N = 25) for 7 days. Diazepam was provided as needed based on the withdrawal symptoms stated by Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol-revised. The primary outcome measure was the number of patients i...
Source: Alcohol and Alcoholism - July 31, 2023 Category: Addiction Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 5616: Quercetin Antagonizes the Sedative Effects of Linalool, Possibly through the GABAergic Interaction Pathway
Mubarak Islam Sedatives promote calmness or sleepiness during surgery or severely stressful events. In addition, depression is a mental health issue that negatively affects emotional well-being. A group of drugs called anti-depressants is used to treat major depressive illnesses. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of quercetin (QUR) and linalool (LIN) on thiopental sodium (TS)-induced sleeping mice and to investigate the combined effects of these compounds using a conventional co-treatment strategy and in silico studies. For this, the TS-induced sleeping mice were monitored to compare the oc...
Source: Molecules - July 24, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Bappi Prottay Kamli Sonia Mia Akbor Hossen Awadallah Mubarak Islam Tags: Article Source Type: research

Involvement of nucleus accumbens D2-medium spiny neurons projecting to the ventral pallidum in anxiety-like behaviour
CONCLUSION: The D2-MSN-VP projections contributed to the development of anxiety-like behaviour, through modulation of GABAergic activity in the VP.PMID:37437920 | DOI:10.1503/jpn.220111 (Source: J Psychiatry Neurosc...)
Source: J Psychiatry Neurosc... - July 12, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Raquel Correia B árbara Coimbra Ana Ver ónica Domingues Marcelina Wezik Natacha Vieitas-Gaspar Rita Gaspar Nuno Sousa Lu ísa Pinto Ana Jo ão Rodrigues Carina Soares-Cunha Source Type: research

Involvement of nucleus accumbens D2-medium spiny neurons projecting to the ventral pallidum in anxiety-like behaviour
CONCLUSION: The D2-MSN-VP projections contributed to the development of anxiety-like behaviour, through modulation of GABAergic activity in the VP.PMID:37437920 | DOI:10.1503/jpn.220111 (Source: Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience)
Source: Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience - July 12, 2023 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Raquel Correia B árbara Coimbra Ana Ver ónica Domingues Marcelina Wezik Natacha Vieitas-Gaspar Rita Gaspar Nuno Sousa Lu ísa Pinto Ana Jo ão Rodrigues Carina Soares-Cunha Source Type: research