Bacterial DNA a Potential Biomarker of Crohn's RelapseBacterial DNA a Potential Biomarker of Crohn's Relapse
In patients with Crohn's disease in remission, bacterial DNA (bactDNA) translocation may be a biomarker that can identify who is more likely to flare, according to new research. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Pathology Headlines)
Source: Medscape Pathology Headlines - March 21, 2016 Category: Pathology Tags: Gastroenterology News Source Type: news
Marine Corps postpones plans to translocate 1,185 tortoises for training grounds
The Marine Corps base at Twenty-Nine Palms said Friday it had postponed plans to move 1,185 tortoises off prospective combat training grounds until wildlife agencies can determine whether the plan complies with the Endangered Species Act. The $50-million tortoise translocation effort was expected... (Source: Los Angeles Times - Science)
Source: Los Angeles Times - Science - March 19, 2016 Category: Science Authors: Louis Sahagun Source Type: news
[Report] Prostaglandin E2 constrains systemic inflammation through an innate lymphoid cell–IL-22 axis
Systemic inflammation, which results from the massive release of proinflammatory molecules into the circulatory system, is a major risk factor for severe illness, but the precise mechanisms underlying its control are not fully understood. We observed that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), through its receptor EP4, is down-regulated in human systemic inflammatory disease. Mice with reduced PGE2 synthesis develop systemic inflammation, associated with translocation of gut bacteria, which can be prevented by treatment with EP4 agonists. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that PGE2-EP4 signaling acts directly on type 3 innate lymphoid cel...
Source: ScienceNOW - March 17, 2016 Category: Science Authors: Rodger Duffin Source Type: news
TET proteins help maintain genome integrity
(La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology) Members of the TET (short for ten-eleven translocation) family have been known to function as tumor suppressors for many years, but how they keep a lid on the uncontrolled cell proliferation of cancer cells had remained uncertain. Now, researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology demonstrate that TET proteins collectively constitute a major class of tumor suppressors and are required to maintain genome instability. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - December 9, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news
An In Vitro Assay for Substrate Translocation by FhaC in Liposomes
The two-partner secretion (TPS) pathway is used by gram-negative bacteria to secrete a large family of virulence exoproteins. Its name is derived from the fact that it involves two proteins, a secreted TpsA protein and a cognate TpsB transporter in the outer membrane. A typical TPS system is represented by the filamentous hemagglutinin FhaB (TpsA protein) and its transporter FhaC (TpsB protein) of Bordetella pertussis. Results from mutational analysis and heterologous expression experiments suggested that FhaC is essential for FhaB translocation across the outer membrane of bacteria. We have devised a cell-free biochemical...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Protein Science - October 6, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: news
Burn injury alters the intestinal microbiome and increases gut permeability and bacterial translocation - Earley ZM, Akhtar S, Green SJ, Naqib A, Khan O, Cannon AR, Hammer AM, Morris NL, Li X, Eberhardt JM, Gamelli RL, Kennedy RH, Choudhry MA.
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death in burn patients who survive the initial insult of injury. Disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier has been shown after burn injury; this can lead to the translocation of bacteria or their products ... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - July 15, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Burns, Electricity, Explosions, Fire, Scalds Source Type: news
Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinomas in young adults
Little is known about the biological behavior of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) as few clinical studies have been performed using a large sample size.07/01/2015 (Source: Kidney Cancer Association)
Source: Kidney Cancer Association - July 1, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news
Purple Power For Your Brain
During one of my trips to Brazil a few years ago, I went in search of new healing herbs I could use at my wellness center. That’s when I discovered açaí berries.
Now everyone’s talking about these berries. And they really are one of the richest sources in antioxidants, vitamins A, B, C, and E, minerals and omega-3s.
In fact, I ended up including powdered açaí berries in one of my supplements.
Back then, they were pretty much a novelty outside of South America, but now I even see frozen açaí berry smoothie packs when I’m in the grocery store.
And that’s my problem with açaí berries – they grow mostly i...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - June 29, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Dr. Al Sears Tags: Brain Health Nutrition Acai berry anthocyanin extract brain-derived neurotrophic Parkinson’s disease Source Type: news
Multiple Approaches for the Investigation of Bacterial Small Regulatory RNAs Self-assembly
We present here the various approaches that can be used for the detection and analysis of bacterial small noncoding RNA self-assemblies. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Biotechnology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Biotechnology - April 25, 2015 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: news
Assay of Rab17 and Its Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Rabex-5 in the Dendrites of Hippocampal Neurons
Neurons are functionally and morphologically compartmentalized into axons and dendrites, and the localization of specific proteins within these compartments is critical to the proper formation of neuronal networks, which includes neurite morphogenesis and synapse formation. The small GTPase Rab17 is specifically localized in dendrites and is not found in axons, and it regulates the dendrite morphogenesis and postsynaptic development of mouse hippocampal neurons. However, the spatiotemporal regulation of Rab17 is poorly understood. We recently identified Rabex-5, originally described as a Rab5-guanine nucleotide exchange fa...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Biochemistry - March 26, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: news
Methods for the Assembly and Analysis of In Vitro Transcription-Coupled-to-Translation Systems
RNA polymerase is a complex machinery, which is further embedded in interactions with other cellular components that interplay with either the transcribed DNA (DNA polymerases, topoisomerases, etc.) or the nascent RNA (RNA processing enzymes, ribosomes, etc.). In prokaryotes, coupling of transcription and translation is thought to play many regulatory roles but the mechanistic understanding of their interactions has been hindered by the lack of a defined experimental system. Here, we describe a pure transcription-coupled-to-translation system in which control of the ribosome has been achieved through its stepwise transloca...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Microbiology - February 13, 2015 Category: Microbiology Source Type: news
Monitoring Translocation of Multisubunit RNA Polymerase Along the DNA with Fluorescent Base Analogues
We describe two template DNA strand designs where translocation of RNA polymerase from a pre-translocation to a post-translocation state results in disruption of stacking interactions of fluorophore with neighboring bases, with a concomitant large increase in fluorescence intensity. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Microbiology)
Source: Springer protocols feed by Microbiology - February 13, 2015 Category: Microbiology Source Type: news
Mapping the Escherichia coli Transcription Elongation Complex with Exonuclease III
RNA polymerase interactions with the nucleic acids control every step of the transcription cycle. These contacts mediate RNA polymerase recruitment to promoters, induce pausing during RNA chain synthesis, and control transcription termination. These interactions are dissected using footprinting assays, in which a bound protein protects nucleic acids from the digestion by nucleases or modification by chemical probes. Exonuclease III is frequently employed to study protein–DNA interactions owing to relatively simple procedures and low background. Exonuclease III has been used to determine RNA polymerase position in tra...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Microbiology - February 13, 2015 Category: Microbiology Source Type: news
Expression of Gut-homing B7 Receptor on T CellsExpression of Gut-homing B7 Receptor on T Cells
This article analyzes microbial translocation and expression of the gut-homing B7 receptor on peripheral T cells in HIV-1-infected individuals. HIV Medicine (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - February 9, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: HIV/AIDS Journal Article Source Type: news
Crucial protective role observed for farnesoid-x receptor in cholestatic liver injury
The farnesoid-X receptor (FXR), also known as the chief regulator of bile acid metabolism, is thought to play a role in some hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal disorders. A recent study has demonstrated dysfunctional intestinal FXR-signaling in a rat model of cholestatic liver injury, accompanied by intestinal bacterial translocation (BTL) and increased permeability and inflammation. Notably, a highly potent, selective FXR agonist obeticholic acid (INT-747) counteracted these effects, suggesting a potential new therapeutic avenue for liver disease. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - January 29, 2015 Category: Science Source Type: news
