Use of Varied Screening Risk Criteria and HIV Incidence in Phase 1 and 2 HIV Vaccine Trials in South Africa
AbstractMany early phase HIV prevention studies define HIV risk-related eligibility criteria. We conducted a retrospective review of HIV Vaccine Trials Network (HVTN) Phase 1 and 2 HIV vaccine clinical trials completed in South Africa from 2003 to 2020, evaluating HIV incidence by protocol-defined risk criteria. Comparisons between groups controlled for age, gender and year of trial initiation. Across 12 trials, 1 did not specify risk criteria, and 11 specified various low risk criteria thematically categorized under sexual behaviors, clinical characteristics, and/or drug use behavior. Of the 11 trials, 6 used low sexual r...
Source: AIDS and Behavior - March 24, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Key stakeholders' perspectives on providing oral pre-exposure prophylaxis as HIV-prevention standard of care in clinical trials in South Africa
Conclusions: Strategies to address barriers to PrEP uptake and use during trials and post-trial access, such as PrEP demand creation, education and counselling, addressing stigma, support for daily pill-taking and increased post-trial access, are urgently needed.PMID:36951406 | DOI:10.2989/16085906.2023.2169177 (Source: African Journal of AIDS Research)
Source: African Journal of AIDS Research - March 23, 2023 Category: African Health Authors: Ivana Beesham Cecilia Milford Dvora L Joseph Davey Jenni Smit Leila E Mansoor Mags Beksinska Source Type: research
The use of monitoring data and community feedback mechanisms to increase HIV testing among men during a cluster-randomised community mobilisation trial in South Africa
Afr J AIDS Res. 2023 Mar 23:1-8. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2023.2176330. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis short communication describes the development and implementation of a programme monitoring and feedback process during a cluster-randomised community mobilisation intervention conducted in rural Bushbuckridge, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Intervention activities took place from August 2015 to July 2018 with the aim of addressing social barriers to HIV counselling and testing and engagement in HIV care, with a specific focus on reaching men. Multiple monitoring systems were put in place to allow for early and continuous corr...
Source: African Journal of AIDS Research - March 23, 2023 Category: African Health Authors: Rebecca L West Rhandzekile Mathebula Dumisani Rebombo Rhian Twine Aim ée Julien Nkosinathi Masilela Mi-Suk Kang Dufour Dean Peacock Kathleen Kahn Audrey Pettifor Sheri A Lippman Source Type: research
Malnutrition Prevalence In South African Hospitals Using The Glim Criteria: A Cause For Concern
This study aimed to expand on the limited South African malnutrition prevalence and risk data, and subsequent referral rates for nutrition support. (Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN)
Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN - March 23, 2023 Category: Nutrition Authors: E. Van Tonder, F. Wenhold, T. Esterhuizen, R. Blaauw Source Type: research
Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Related To Overweight/Obesity In Adult Women In Mangaung, South Africa
Rationale: The prevalence of chronic disease due to overweight and obesity is increasing. The aim of the study was to determine socio-demographic factors, anthropometry and knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to overweight or obesity in adult women. (Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN)
Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN - March 23, 2023 Category: Nutrition Authors: E.M. Jordaan, L. Robb, F.C. van Rooyen, C.M. Walsh Source Type: research
Impact Of Feeding Types During Transition Phase Of Infants And Children Diagnosed With Growth Failure
Rationale: The impact of feeding types during transition of complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remains unclear. The study aimed to identify and compare feeding types used during transition phase of infants and children (6-59 months) with SAM in South Africa. (Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN)
Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN - March 23, 2023 Category: Nutrition Authors: R.C. Dolman-Macleod, M. Barnard, C. Conradie, M. Lombard Source Type: research
The Effect Of Oral Iron Supplementation On The Gut Microbiota In School-Age Children With Virally Suppressed HIV And Without HIV
Rationale: HIV-associated systemic inflammation could potentially impair iron absorption and increase colonic luminal iron, which may favour the growth of pathogenic gut microbiota. We determined the effect of oral iron supplementation on gut microbiota composition in iron-depleted South African school-age children living with HIV (HIV+) but virally suppressed on antiretroviral therapy, as well as in children without HIV (HIV-ve). (Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN)
Source: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN - March 23, 2023 Category: Nutrition Authors: C. Goosen, S. Proost, R.Y. Tito, J. Baumgartner, S.L. Barnabas, M.F. Cotton, M.B. Zimmermann, J. Raes, R. Blaauw Source Type: research
Acceptability and feasibility of home-based hypertension and physical activity screening by community health workers in an under-resourced community in South Africa
ConclusionCommunity members viewed CHW-led home visits as an acceptable and feasible method for providing NCD-focused healthcare services in an under-resourced community. Expanding primary care reach through CHWs offers more accessible and individualized care, reducing barriers for individuals in under-resourced communities to access support for NCD risk reduction. (Source: Journal of Public Health)
Source: Journal of Public Health - March 23, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
An Overview of Pharmacotherapy in the Management of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder at a Public Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal
This study presents an overview of prescribing patterns and provides insight into the current management practice for the core symptoms and comorbidities of ASD in children. A quantitative retrospective study was conducted at a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa by reviewing patient files of children diagnosed with ASD and meeting the inclusion criteria for the study. A descriptive analysis of data was done to identify treatment trends and patient therapeutic outcomes. A total of 181 children met the inclusion criteria of the study. Risperidone was the most frequently prescribed drug (88%) for the management of...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 22, 2023 Category: Child Development Authors: Jennal Maniram Frasia Oosthuizen Saira B S Karrim Source Type: research
An Overview of Pharmacotherapy in the Management of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder at a Public Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal
This study presents an overview of prescribing patterns and provides insight into the current management practice for the core symptoms and comorbidities of ASD in children. A quantitative retrospective study was conducted at a public hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa by reviewing patient files of children diagnosed with ASD and meeting the inclusion criteria for the study. A descriptive analysis of data was done to identify treatment trends and patient therapeutic outcomes. A total of 181 children met the inclusion criteria of the study. Risperidone was the most frequently prescribed drug (88%) for the management of...
Source: Child Psychiatry and Human Development - March 22, 2023 Category: Child Development Authors: Jennal Maniram Frasia Oosthuizen Saira B S Karrim Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 5220: Knowledge and Attitudes towards Prostate Cancer and Screening among Males in Limpopo Province, South Africa
This study explored the awareness, attitudes, and PC screening behaviours among males in the Limpopo, Thulamela municipality. This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 245 males that were randomly selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the association between sociodemographic variables, awareness, and attitudes towards PC. Our findings revealed that 64.1% demonstrated inadequate awareness about PC. The overall score (84.9%) showed a positive attitude towards PC. However, 87.4% had a negative attitude towar...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - March 22, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ndivhuwo Maladze Angelina Maphula Mzamani Maluleke Lufuno Makhado Tags: Article Source Type: research
IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 5222: Caregivers & rsquo; and Family Members & rsquo; Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards Epilepsy in Rural Limpopo and Mpumalanga, South Africa
IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 5222: Caregivers’ and Family Members’ Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards Epilepsy in Rural Limpopo and Mpumalanga, South Africa
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health doi: 10.3390/ijerph20065222
Authors:
Ofhani Prudance Musekwa
Lufuno Makhado
Angelina Maphula
Epilepsy, a common neurological disease, has a significant impact on people living with epilepsy (PLWE), their caregivers, and their family members. Research has consistently shown that the quality of life of PLWE is low. To expand on this knowledge, a non-experimental quant...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - March 22, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ofhani Prudance Musekwa Lufuno Makhado Angelina Maphula Tags: Article Source Type: research
UMOYA: a prospective longitudinal cohort study to evaluate novel diagnostic tools and to assess long-term impact on lung health in South African children with presumptive pulmonary TB —a study protocol
Despite a high paediatric tuberculosis (TB) burden globally, sensitive and specific diagnostic tools are lacking. In addition, no data exist on the impact of pulmonary TB on long-term child lung health in low-... (Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine)
Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine - March 22, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Isabelle Dewandel, Margaret van Niekerk, Elisabetta Ghimenton-Walters, Megan Palmer, Michaile G. Anthony, Carla McKenzie, Rolanda Croucamp, Galit Alter, Anne-Marie Demers, Gert van Zyl, Mathilda Claassen, Pierre Goussard, Ruan Swanepoel, Graeme Hoddinott, Tags: Study Protocol Source Type: research
JMM Profile: Sindbis virus, a cause of febrile illness and arthralgia
J Med Microbiol. 2023 Mar;72(3). doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001674.ABSTRACTSindbis virus (SINV) is the causative agent of a febrile infection commonly called Ockelbo disease, Pogosta disease or Karelian fever in northern Europe. Finland, Sweden, Russia and South Africa experience periodic SINV outbreaks. SINV is classified within the family Togaviridae and genus Alphavirus. Symptoms of SINV infection in humans include joint inflammation and pain, fever, rash and fatigue. In some cases, joint symptoms can persist for years after recovery from the initial infection. Clinical signs of SINV infection are rarely reported in animals, al...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - March 21, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sophie Harding Sanam Sewgobind Nicholas Johnson Source Type: research
" < em > … < /em > [I] < em > f I can < /em > [be] < em > infected now that means I am going to die … < /em > ": an explorative study focusing on vulnerable, immunocompromised groups and caregivers experiences and perceptions of the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa
SAHARA J. 2023 Dec;20(1):2187446. doi: 10.1080/17290376.2023.2187446.ABSTRACTABSTRACTIn this paper, we explored how vulnerable, immunocompromised groups and caregivers of the elderly experienced and perceived the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa. Semi-structured interviews were conducted remotely between the 5th andthe 18th of April 2020 in the three South African provinces hardest hit by Covid-19, namely Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal and the Western Cape. In total, 60 qualitative key informant interviews and one focus group discussion were conducted. Study participants expressed concerns for elderly people and peop...
Source: Sahara J - March 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Alicia North Allanise Cloete Shandir Ramlagan Thabang Manyaapelo Amukelani Ngobeni Noloyiso Vondo Derrick Sekgala Source Type: research
