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Total 1499 results found since Jan 2013.

Phosphate binders for preventing and treating chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD).
CONCLUSIONS: In studies of adults with CKD G5D treated with dialysis, sevelamer may lower death (all causes) compared to calcium-based binders and incur less treatment-related hypercalcaemia, while we found no clinically important benefits of any phosphate binder on cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, fracture or coronary artery calcification. The effects of binders on patient-important outcomes compared to placebo are uncertain. In patients with CKD G2 to G5, the effects of sevelamer, lanthanum, and iron-based phosphate binders on cardiovascular, vascular calcification, and bone outcomes compared to place...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 22, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ruospo M, Palmer SC, Natale P, Craig JC, Vecchio M, Elder GJ, Strippoli GF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation and associated outcomes in patients with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: a 14-year nationwide population-based study.
CONCLUSION: In patients with ESRD undergoing dialysis, PD had lowered risks of new onset of AF compared to HD. Subsequently, these AF patients in PD group had comparable incidence of ischemic stroke but decreased incidence of hemorrhagic stroke compared to AF patients in HD group. PD could be the most suitable modality in patients at risk for the onset of AF. PMID: 32086785 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Nephrology - February 20, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chang CH, Fan PC, Lin YS, Chen SW, Lin MS, Wu M, Chang PC, Lin FC, Chu PH, Wu VC Tags: J Nephrol Source Type: research

Efficacy and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsIn pooled, analyzed randomized controlled trials and observational studies, DOACs were associated with better efficacy in early CKD, as well as similar efficacy and safety outcomes to warfarin in patients with CKD stages 4 –5 or dialysis patients. The results of patients with CKD stages 4–5 and dialysis patients were from observational studies. Well-designed randomized controlled trials focused on DOAC use in patients with CKD and dialysis patients are needed.PROSPERO register number: CRD42020150599, 6 February, 2020.
Source: Clinical Drug Investigation - March 11, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cost-Effectiveness of Statins for Primary Cardiovascular Prevention in Chronic Kidney Disease
ConclusionsAlthough statins reduce absolute CVD risk in patients with CKD, the increased risk of rhabdomyolysis, and competing risks associated with progressive CKD, partly offset these gains. Low-cost generic statins appear cost-effective for primary prevention of CVD in patients with mild-to-moderate CKD and hypertension.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - March 18, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Renal physiology and kidney stones
Conclusions: The occurrence of a kidney stone is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events including AMI, death due to CHD,PTCA/CABG and stroke. These data suggest that people with a clinically recognized kidney stone should be followed more closely to evaluate for the possibility of subsequent cardiovascular events -- younger people and women.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 10, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Alexander, R. T., Samuel, S., Wiebe, N., Bello, A., Klarenbach, S., Curhan, G. C., Tonelli, M., Hemmelgarn, B., Mingione, A., Terranegra, A., Aloia, A., Arcidiacono, T., Brasacchio, C., Hou, J., Dell'Antonio, G., Vezzoli, G., Soldati, L., Shimizu, T., Has Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Amelioration of ischemic brain damage by peritoneal dialysis
Ischemic stroke is a devastating condition, for which there is still no effective therapy. Acute ischemic stroke is associated with high concentrations of glutamate in the blood and interstitial brain fluid. The inability of the tissue to retain glutamate within the cells of the brain ultimately provokes neuronal death. Increased concentrations of interstitial glutamate exert further excitotoxic effects on healthy tissue surrounding the infarct zone. We developed a strategy based on peritoneal dialysis to reduce blood glutamate levels, thereby accelerating brain-to-blood glutamate clearance. In a rat model of stroke, this ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - September 9, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: María del Carmen Godino, Victor G. Romera, José Antonio Sánchez-Tomero, Jesus Pacheco, Santiago Canals, Juan Lerma, José Vivancos, María Angeles Moro, Magdalena Torres, Ignacio Lizasoain, José Sánchez-Prieto Source Type: research

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients.
CONCLUSIONS: Statins may reduce cardiovascular events in kidney transplant recipients, although treatment effects are imprecise. Statin treatment has uncertain effects on overall mortality, stroke, kidney function, and toxicity outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Additional studies would improve our confidence in the treatment benefits and harms of statins on cardiovascular events in this clinical setting. PMID: 24470059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Nigwekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Statins consistently lower death and major cardiovascular events by 20% in people with CKD not requiring dialysis. Statin-related effects on stroke and kidney function were found to be uncertain and adverse effects of treatment are incompletely understood. Statins have an important role in primary prevention of cardiovascular events and mortality in people who have CKD. PMID: 24880031 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Johnson DW, Perkovic V, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Is long-term paracetamol use not as safe as we thought?
Conclusion This is a valuable review that has searched the literature and identified eight observational studies in adults that have looked at the adverse effects that may be associated with paracetamol use. As the researchers say, it will add to information on the potential harms of paracetamol – an area where up-to-date information has been lacking. The studies included very large population sizes, and collectively provide some evidence suggesting potential effects upon the cardiovascular system, kidney and gastrointestinal system. There was also a suggestion of increased risk of all-cause mortality. However, it is v...
Source: NHS News Feed - March 3, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Medication Source Type: news

Revascularization in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Everolimus-Eluting Stents Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
ConclusionsIn patients with CKD, CABG is associated with higher short-term risk of death, stroke, and repeat revascularization, whereas PCI with everolimus-eluting stents is associated with a higher long-term risk of repeat revascularization and perhaps MI, with no long-term mortality difference. In the subgroup on dialysis, the results favored CABG over PCI.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - September 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Mortality following a cardiovascular or renal event in patients with type 2 diabetes in the ALTITUDE trial
Conclusion The majority of deaths occurred in patients who did not experience a non-fatal CV or renal event, although the risk of death was higher following an event. Our findings illustrate continuing opportunities to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Source: European Heart Journal - September 21, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jhund, P. S., McMurray, J. J. V., Chaturvedi, N., Brunel, P., Desai, A. S., Finn, P. V., Haffner, S. M., Solomon, S. D., Weinrauch, L. A., Claggett, B. L., Pfeffer, M. A. Tags: Prevention and epidemiology Source Type: research

Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is a risk factor for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion: In summary, among the wide heterogenetic population, modest associations between VVV of SBP and all-cause mortality, CVD incidence, CVD mortality, CHD incidence, and stroke incidence were found. Findings of the current study suggested that standardized approaches of monitoring VVV in the high-risk population, including patients with cardiac infarction, diabetes, stroke, and patients with chronic kidney disease or in dialysis, are necessary in designing a prospective clinical study on the association of VVV and patients’ prognosis.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - December 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Editorial Commentary: Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in dialysis patients: What is known and what does the future hold?
The association between atrial fibrillation and stroke is well established and, in the general population, anticoagulation with warfarin can reduce the incidence of stroke by 60% with an acceptable bleeding risk.1, 2 Patients who are on hemodialysis have an increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation possibly secondary to comorbid conditions and hemodialysis itself causing dramatic swings in fluid and electrolytes and affecting cardiac dimensions.3 There are also substantially higher rates of ischemic stroke in this population attributable both to frequently co-occurring traditional stroke risk factors as well as the incre...
Source: Heart Rhythm - February 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Timothy M. Markman, Saman Nazarian Source Type: research

Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in dialysis patients: What is known and what does the future hold?
The association between atrial fibrillation and stroke is well established, and in the general population, anticoagulation with warfarin can reduce the incidence of stroke by 60% with an acceptable bleeding risk.1,2 Patients who are on hemodialysis have an increased prevalence of atrial fibrillation, possibly secondary to comorbid conditions and hemodialysis itself causing dramatic swings in fluid and electrolytes and affecting cardiac dimensions.3 There are also substantially higher rates of ischemic stroke in this population attributable both to frequently co-occurring traditional stroke risk factors and to the increased...
Source: Heart Rhythm - February 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Timothy M. Markman, Saman Nazarian Tags: Editorial Commentary Source Type: research