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Total 15 results found since Jan 2013.

Fuzzy cognitive map based approach for determining the risk of ischemic stroke
In this study, the soft computing method known as fuzzy cognitive mapping was proposed for diagnosis of the risk of ischemic stroke. Non-linear Hebbian learning method was used for fuzzy cognitive maps training. In the proposed method, the risk rate for each person was determined based on the opinions of the neurologists. The accuracy of the proposed model was tested using 10-fold cross-validation, for 110 real cases, and the results were compared with those of support vector machine and K-nearest neighbours. The proposed system showed a superior performance with a total accuracy of (93.6 ± 4.5)%. The da...
Source: IET Systems Biology - November 29, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Identification of three potential novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke via plasma lipidomics
ConclusionsOur work provides valuable information on the pathophysiology of AIS and constitutes an important step toward clinical application of blood-based biomarkers for diagnosing AIS.
Source: Metabolomics - March 30, 2023 Category: Biology Source Type: research

A selective cannabinoid CB2 agonist attenuates damage and improves memory retention following stroke in mice
Publication date: Available online 30 May 2015 Source:Life Sciences Author(s): Richard D. Ronca , Alyssa M. Myers , Doina Ganea , Ronald F. Tuma , Ellen A. Walker , Sara Jane Ward Aims We have recently demonstrated that treatment with a cannabinoid CB2 agonist was protective in a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The present study aimed to determine whether these protective effects of CB2 agonism would extend to a mouse photoinjury model of permanent ischemia and determine associated alterations in cognition and infarct size. Main Methods Mice received three injections...
Source: Life Sciences - May 31, 2015 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Deep learning-based behavioral profiling of rodent stroke recovery
Stroke research heavily relies on rodent behavior when assessing underlying disease mechanisms and treatment efficacy. Although functional motor recovery is considered the primary targeted outcome, tests in ro...
Source: BMC Biology - October 15, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Rebecca Z. Weber, Geertje Mulders, Julia Kaiser, Christian Tackenberg and Ruslan Rust Tags: Methodology article Source Type: research

Pulse transit time estimation of aortic pulse wave velocity and blood pressure using machine learning and simulated training data
by Janne M. J. Huttunen, Leo K ärkkäinen, Harri Lindholm Recent developments in cardiovascular modelling allow us to simulate blood flow in an entire human body. Such model can also be used to create databases of virtual subjects, with sizes limited only by computational resources. In this work, we study if it is possible to estimate cardiovascular heal th indices using machine learning approaches. In particular, we carry out theoretical assessment of estimating aortic pulse wave velocity, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and stroke volume using pulse transit/arrival timings derived from photopletyshmography signal...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - August 14, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: Janne M. J. Huttunen Source Type: research

Longevity gene may boost brain power
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Scientists showed that people who have a variant of a longevity gene, called KLOTHO, have improved brain skills such as thinking, learning and memory regardless of their age, sex, or whether they have a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Increasing KLOTHO gene levels in mice made them smarter, possibly by increasing the strength of connections between nerve cells in the brain. The study was partly funded by the National Institutes of Health.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - May 9, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Adaptive Responses of Neuronal Mitochondria to Bioenergetic Challenges: Roles in Neuroplasticity and Disease Resistance.
Abstract An important concept in neurobiology is "neurons that fire together, wire together" which means that the formation and maintenance of synapses is promoted by activation of those synapses. Very similar to the effects of the stress of exercise on muscle cells, emerging findings suggest that neurons respond to activity by activating signaling pathways (e.g., Ca(2+), CREB, PGC-1α, NF-κB) that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular stress resistance. These pathways are also activated by aerobic exercise and food deprivation, two bioenergetic challenges of fundamental importance in the evolution of t...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - November 27, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Raefsky SM, Mattson MP Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Facilitates Associative Learning and Alters Functional Connectivity in the Primate Brain.
Abstract There has been growing interest in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive technique purported to modulate neural activity via weak, externally applied electric fields. Although some promising preliminary data have been reported for applications ranging from stroke rehabilitation to cognitive enhancement, little is known about how tDCS affects the human brain, and some studies have concluded that it may have no effect at all. Here, we describe a macaque model of tDCS that allows us to simultaneously examine the effects of tDCS on brain activity and behavior. We find that applying tD...
Source: Current Biology - October 11, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Krause MR, Zanos TP, Csorba BA, Pilly PK, Choe J, Phillips ME, Datta A, Pack CC Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research

Memory gene goes viral
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) Two independent teams of scientists from the University of Utah and the University of Massachusetts Medical School have discovered that a gene crucial for learning, called Arc, can send its genetic material from one neuron to another by employing a strategy commonly used by viruses. The studies, both published in Cell, unveil a new way that nervous system cells interact.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - January 16, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Envisioning the neuroprotective effect of Metformin in experimental epilepsy: A portrait of molecular crosstalk
Publication date: 15 September 2019Source: Life Sciences, Volume 233Author(s): Nandini H S, Yam Nath Paudel, Krishna K LAbstractEpilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate and aggravate epileptic seizures affecting around 1% of global population making it a serious health concern. Despite the recent advances in epilepsy research, no disease-modifying treatment able to terminate epileptogenesis have been reported yet reflecting the complexity in understanding the disease pathogenesis. To overcome the current treatment gap against epilepsy, one effective approach is to explore ...
Source: Life Sciences - August 8, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

The neuroprotective effects of carvacrol on ischemia/reperfusion-induced hippocampal neuronal impairment by ferroptosis mitigation
ConclusionCarvacrol provides protection for hippocampal neurons against I/R in gerbils by inhibiting ferroptosis through increasing the expression of GPx4.Graphical abstract
Source: Life Sciences - August 29, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Short Takes
The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is soliciting public input on best practices and innovative ideas for education in the principles of rigorous research as well as promotion of rigorous research practices. Responses to this Request for Information (RFI) can be submitted online via this webform or via an email to RigorChampions@nih.gov by August 1, 2020. If submitting by email, please include the Notice number (NOT-NS-20-062) in the subject line. More information can be found at https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-NS-20-062.html. ...
Source: Public Policy Reports - July 6, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: AIBS Source Type: news

NIH scientists reveal how the brain may fuel intense neural communication
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In an in-depth study of neurons grown in laboratory petri dishes, National Institutes of Health researchers discovered how neuronal synapses find the energy to support intense communications bouts thought to underlie learning and memory.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - October 5, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news

The important role of music in neurorehabilitation: Filling in critical gaps
(IOS Press) Music-based interventions have become a core ingredient of effective neurorehabilitation in the past 20 years thanks to the growing body of knowledge. In this theme issue of Neurorehabilitation, experts in the field highlight some of the current critical gaps in clinical applications that have been less thoroughly investigated, such as post-stroke cognition, traumatic brain injury, and autism and specific learning disabilities.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - March 10, 2021 Category: Biology Source Type: news