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Children with perinatal stroke are at increased risk for autism spectrum disorder: Prevalence and co-occurring conditions within a clinically followed sample
DISCUSSION: Children with perinatal stroke have an increased prevalence of ASD (11.4%) than in the general population. ASD concerns arise at a similar age as the general population, yet ASD is diagnosed almost two years later than the general population and 3.60 years after first concerns present. Co-occurring neurological conditions are common. Clinicians must be aware of increased prevalence and implement screening as part of routine care for all pediatric patients with perinatal stroke.PMID:34308766 | DOI:10.1080/13854046.2021.1955150
Source: The Clinical Neuropsychologist - July 26, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Taralee Hamner Evelyn Shih Rebecca Ichord Lauren Krivitzky Source Type: research

Generalizing post-stroke prognoses from research data to clinical data
Publication date: Available online 14 October 2019Source: NeuroImage: ClinicalAuthor(s): Robert Loughnan, Diego L. Lorca-Puls, Andrea Gajardo-Vidal, Valeria Espejo-Videla, Céline R. Gillebert, Dante Mantini, Cathy J. Price, Thomas M.H. HopeAbstractAround a third of stroke survivors suffer from acquired language disorders (aphasia), but current medicine cannot predict whether or when they might recover. Prognostic research in this area increasingly draws on datasets associating structural brain imaging data with outcome scores for ever-larger samples of stroke patients. The aim is to learn brain-behavior trends from these ...
Source: NeuroImage: Clinical - October 15, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Aphemia: A rare presentation of an acute infarct (P3.277)
Conclusions:Aphemia, or apraxia of speech, is a rare presentation of dominant inferior frontal gyrus infarction. Aphemia is primarily a disorder of articulation, whereas aphasia is a disorder of language. This patient lost her ability to produce speech but was able to comprehend and write fluently. Her deficit did not fit a classic aphasia pattern but rather represented an inability to voluntarily control her oral muscles, resulting in a transient apraxia of the muscles of articulation, chewing, and deglutition. Very few cases of acute aphemia due to stroke are described, all localized to the dominant inferior frontal gyru...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Stachyra, J., Davalos-Balderas, A., Lee, J., Kass, J. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease Case Reports II Source Type: research

Neuroimaging and Neurolaw: Drawing the Future of Aging
Vincenzo Tigano1, Giuseppe Lucio Cascini2, Cristina Sanchez-Castañeda3, Patrice Péran4 and Umberto Sabatini5* 1Department of Juridical, Historical, Economic and Social Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy 2Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy 3Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain 4ToNIC, Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France 5Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 7, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The Posterior Fossa and Foreign Accent Syndrome: Report of Two New Cases and Review of the Literature.
Abstract Foreign accent syndrome is a rare motor speech disorder that causes patients to speak their language with a non-native accent. In the neurogenic condition, the disorder develops after lesions in the language dominant hemisphere, often affecting Broca's area, the insula, the supplementary motor area and the primary motor cortex. Here, we present two new cases of FAS after posterior fossa lesions. The first case is a 44-year-old, right-handed, Dutch-speaking man who suffered motor speech disturbances and a left hemiplegia after a pontine infarction. Quantified SPECT showed a bilateral hypoperfusion in the i...
Source: Cerebellum - March 23, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Keulen S, Mariën P, van Dun K, Bastiaanse R, Manto M, Verhoeven J Tags: Cerebellum Source Type: research

The Posterior Fossa and Foreign Accent Syndrome: Report of Two New Cases and Review of the Literature
AbstractForeign accent syndrome is a rare motor speech disorder that causes patients to speak their language with a non-native accent. In the neurogenic condition, the disorder develops after lesions in the language dominant hemisphere, often affecting Broca ’s area, the insula, the supplementary motor area and the primary motor cortex. Here, we present two new cases of FAS after posterior fossa lesions. The first case is a 44-year-old, right-handed, Dutch-speaking man who suffered motor speech disturbances and a left hemiplegia after a pontine infarc tion. Quantified SPECT showed a bilateral hypoperfusion in the inferio...
Source: The Cerebellum - July 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Promoter Regions of Intellectual Disability-Associated Genes Are Uniquely Enriched in LTR Sequences of the MER41 Primate-Specific Endogenous Retrovirus: An Evolutionary Connection Between Immunity and Cognition
Discussion We have found that, in the human genome, the promoter regions of ID-associated genes are uniquely enriched in MER41 LTRs. More specifically, nine ID-associated genes that are putatively important in cognitive evolution exhibit MER41 LTRs in their promoter regions. As more than 100 families of HERV are integrated into our genome, it was important to determine whether our findings are specific to MER41 and to ID-associated genes, and if so to what extent. Among the 133 families of HERV explored here, MER41 is the only family whose LTRs were found with statistically high frequency in the promoter regions of ID-ass...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Investigating Attentional Allocation With Eye Tracking During Category Learning in People With Aphasia
In this study, no differences were observed between individuals with aphasia and control participants on behavioral measures of accuracy and response time, though accuracies overall were lower than those of prior studies examining this task in young adults. Eye gaze data demonstrated that over the course of training, controls and individuals with aphasia learned to reduce the number of looks to the feature of lowest diagnosticity, suggestive of optimized attentional allocation. Eye gaze patterns, however, did not show increased looking or look times to all features of highest diagnosticity, which has been seen in young adu...
Source: Topics in Language Disorders - January 1, 2020 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Language and Aphasias
This article reveals how it is possible for a brain composed of 100 billion highly interconnected, lipid-encased, reticular electrochemical devices to support complex functions such as language and how language disorders can be understood as a reflection of degradation of one or more domains of knowledge. RECENT FINDINGS Ongoing research, building on landmark work regarding parallel distributed processing (PDP), provides the basis for understanding cognitive functions as a manifestation of the activity of populations of millions or billions of neurons in various highly interconnected networks. Population encoding ne...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - December 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research