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Nutrition: Calcium

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Total 1776 results found since Jan 2013.

Retinal stroke: research models, targets and experimental drugs
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Aug 31. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2254688. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Retinal artery occlusion (RAO), often caused by a microembolus and resulting in inner retinal ischemia, could be considered as the retinal analogue to cerebral stroke. Although several therapeutic targets have been suggested in animal models of retinal ischemia and several potential treatments have been evaluated on small series of patients, central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is still rarely treatable in clinical practice.AREAS COVERED: Here, we review several animal models of RAO, including increas...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - August 31, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Alejandra Daruich Matthieu P Robert Marta Zola Alexandre Matet Dominique Bremond-Gignac Source Type: research

Factors contributing to poor COVID-19 outcomes in diabetic patients: Findings from a single-center cohort study
This article is a retrospective cohort study that include diabetic patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. A definition of diabetes was based on th e past history of diabetes or if the HbA1c was 6.5% or higher. Demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, laboratory results, and complications were extracted from the electronic medical records. The mortality rate increased with increasing age (from 5.56% in younger patients to 46% in t he elderly) and with severity (from 25.71% in moderate cases to 43.77% in critical cases). We found that a critical severity on admission (OR: 5.26, 95% CI: 1.28–21.66,p = ...
Source: PLoS One - August 31, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Nosayba Al-Azzam Source Type: research

Extracranial Carotid Plaque Calcification and Cerebrovascular Ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of calcification in carotid plaque confers a reduced association with ipsilateral ischemic events, although these results seem to be limited among carotid arteries with higher degrees of stenosis. Adoption of carotid calcification measures in clinical decision-making will require additional studies providing more reproducible and standardized methods of calcium characterization and testing these imaging strategies in prospective studies.PMID:37638399 | DOI:10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.042807
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 28, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Moayad Homssi Atin Saha Diana Delgado Arindam RoyChoudhury Charlene Thomas Matthew Lin Hediyeh Baradaran Hooman Kamel Ajay Gupta Source Type: research

Recent advances in the structure and activation mechanisms of metabolite-releasing Pannexin 1 channels
Biochem Soc Trans. 2023 Aug 25:BST20230038. doi: 10.1042/BST20230038. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPannexin 1 (PANX1) is a widely expressed large-pore ion channel located in the plasma membrane of almost all vertebrate cells. It possesses a unique ability to act as a conduit for both inorganic ions (e.g. potassium or chloride) and bioactive metabolites (e.g. ATP or glutamate), thereby activating varying signaling pathways in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Given its crucial role in cell-cell interactions, the activity of PANX1 has been implicated in maintaining homeostasis of cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems....
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - August 25, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yi-Ling Wu Ai-Hsing Yang Yu-Hsin Chiu Source Type: research

Calcium Sensors of Neurotransmitter Release
Adv Neurobiol. 2023;33:119-138. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-34229-5_5.ABSTRACTCalcium (Ca2+) plays a critical role in triggering all three primary modes of neurotransmitter release (synchronous, asynchronous, and spontaneous). Synaptotagmin1, a protein with two C2 domains, is the first isoform of the synaptotagmin family that was identified and demonstrated as the primary Ca2+ sensor for synchronous neurotransmitter release. Other isoforms of the synaptotagmin family as well as other C2 proteins such as the double C2 domain protein family were found to act as Ca2+ sensors for different modes of neurotransmitter release. Major r...
Source: Adv Data - August 24, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Qiangjun Zhou Source Type: research

Differential effect of gold nanoparticles on cerebrovascular function and biomechanical properties
This study provides the first evidence that GNPs affect the structure and function of the cerebrovasculature, which may be important for their development and use in biomedical applications.
Source: Physiological Reports - August 22, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ryan D. Hunt, Omid Sedighi, Wayne M. Clark, Amber L. Doiron, Marilyn  J. Cipolla Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Ketamine improves neuronal recovery following spreading depolarization in peri ‐infarct tissues
We examined spreading depolarization (SD) waves in a mouse stroke model. SDs were initiated by focal potassium chloride application and propagated through a region of graded perfusion deficit created by distal middle cerebral artery (dMCA) occlusion. Longer lasting depolarizations (DC shifts measured from local field potential (LFP) electrodes) and neuronal Ca2+ transients (epifluorescence GCaMP imaging) occurred at locations with larger perfusion deficits (proximal to occlusion), as compared with remote recording sites (laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) of cerebral perfusion). Ketamine, at concentrations that did not ...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - August 19, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katelyn M. Reinhart, Russell A. Morton, K. C. Brennan, Andrew P. Carlson, C. William Shuttleworth Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Interpretable machine learning for predicting 28-day all-cause in-hospital mortality for hypertensive ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients in the ICU: a multi-center retrospective cohort study with internal and external cross-validation
ConclusionsThe XGBoost model accurately predicted 28-day all-cause in-hospital mortality among hypertensive ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients admitted to the ICU. The SHAP method can provide explicit explanations of personalized risk prediction, which can aid physicians in understanding the model.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Coronary artery disease grading by cardiac CT for predicting outcome in patients with stable angina
CONCLUSION: In patients referred for invasive angiography, a history of CHD was the strongest predictor of MACE. In patients without history of CHD, a coronary calcium score yielded at least equal risk stratification vs. more complex CHD grading.PMID:37541910 | DOI:10.1016/j.jcct.2023.07.004
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 4, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Christian U Oeing Matthew B Matheson Mohammad R Ostovaneh Carlos E Rochitte Marcus Y Chen Burkert Pieske Klaus F Kofoed Joanne D Schuijf Hiroyuki Niinuma Marc Dewey Marcelo F di Carli Christopher Cox Jo ão A C Lima Armin Arbab-Zadeh Source Type: research