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Infectious Disease: Clostridium Difficile

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Total 16 results found since Jan 2013.

Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Prophylactic antibiotics after acute stroke for reducing pneumonia in patients with dysphagia (STROKE-INF): a prospective, cluster-randomised, open-label, masked endpoint, controlled clinical trial
This study assessed the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for reducing pneumonia in patients with dysphagia after acute stroke. Methods We did a prospective, multicentre, cluster-randomised, open-label controlled trial with masked endpoint assessment of patients older than 18 years with dysphagia after new stroke recruited from 48 stroke units in the UK, accredited and included in the UK National Stroke Audit. We excluded patients with contraindications to antibiotics, pre-existing dysphagia, or known infections, or who were not expected to survive beyond 14 days. We randomly assigned the units (1:1) by computer to ...
Source: The Lancet - September 5, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Metronidazole Induced Encephalopathy Mimicking an Acute Ischemic Stroke Event.
We report a rare case of MIE mimicking an acute ischemic stroke, and hypothesize the relationship between the findings of CTP and that of MRI based on the anatomical connection of the dentate nucleus and the cerebral hemisphere. PMID: 30078820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica - August 7, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Clostridium difficile Infection Does Not Impact Outcomes in Stroke Patients
This study investigates incidence, patient characteristics, clinical features, and outcomes of CDI following stroke, including ischemic stroke (IS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: The hospital database was queried for all patients with IS, ICH, or SAH from 2010 through 2014. Patients who underwent testing for C. difficile testing (CDT) through polymerase chain reaction were assessed. Demographics, risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes were recorded. Fever was defined as temperature>101°F. Results: CDT was obtained in 555/4004 patients and was po...
Source: The Neurologist - May 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Diabetes, Stroke Linked to C. difficile
LAS VEGAS — Diabetes and stroke are risk factors for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), with stroke patients at about 10 times the risk of recurrence.
Source: Caring for the Ages - December 31, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Jim Kling Source Type: news

Identification and initial optimization of inhibitors of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) toxin B (TcdB).
Abstract The discovery, synthesis and preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a novel class of inhibitors of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) toxin B (TcdB) is described. A high throughput screening (HTS) campaign resulted in the identification of moderately active screening hits 1-5 the most potent of which was compound 1 (IC50 = 0.77 µM). In silico docking of an early analog offered suggestions for structural modification which resulted in the design and synthesis of highly potent analogs 13j(IC50 = 1 nM) and 13 l(IC50 = 7 nM) which were chosen as leads for further optimizat...
Source: Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters - January 5, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Letourneau JJ, Stroke IL, Hilbert DW, Sturzenbecker LJ, Marinelli BA, Quintero JG, Sabalski J, Ma L, Diller DJ, Stein PD, Webb ML Tags: Bioorg Med Chem Lett Source Type: research

Metronidazole toxicity presenting with acute onset of aphasia and right sided weakness
We report a 37-year-old man with a history of cirrhosis and methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia who presented from a nursing home with 1week of progressive confusion followed by acute onset of aphasia, forced left eye deviation and right sided weakness. While clinical presentation was concerning for a left middle cerebral artery stroke, MRI was consistent with leukoencephalopathy. The man had been on metronidazole for 2months for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. This case exemplifies a stroke mimic to be considered when a patient presents with an acute focal neurological deficit.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - May 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Length of hospital stay is shorter in south Asian patients with transient ischaemic attack
Every year, 46 000 people in the United Kingdom (UK) suffer a de novo transient ischaemic attack (TIA) [1]. In 2012, 1 in 20 individuals who experienced a TIA progressed to suffering a stroke within seven days of the index TIA [2]. According to the literature, factors influencing the length of hospital stay (LOS) in TIA include age, female sex, known comorbidities (based on Charlson Comorbidities Index), patients that were transferred to another hospital, occurrence of an adverse event (urinary tract infection, Clostridium difficile), diagnosis of pneumonia, hemiplegia and paraplegia [3] and availability of urgent referral...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ignatius Liew, Paul Carter, Jennifer Reynolds, Nicholas D. Gollop, Hardeep Uppal, Suresh Chandran, Rahul Potluri Source Type: research

Length of hospital stay is shorter in South Asian patients with transient ischemic attack
Every year, 46,000 people in the United Kingdom (UK) suffer a de novo transient ischemic attack (TIA) [1]. In 2012, 1 in 20 individuals who experienced a TIA progressed to suffering a stroke within seven days of the index TIA [2]. According to the literature, factors influencing the length of hospital stay (LOS) in TIA include age, female sex, known comorbidities (based on Charlson Comorbidities Index), patients that were transferred to another hospital, occurrence of an adverse event (urinary tract infection, Clostridium difficile), diagnosis of pneumonia, hemiplegia and paraplegia [3] and availability of urgent referral ...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ignatius Liew, Paul Carter, Jennifer Reynolds, Nicholas D. Gollop, Hardeep Uppal, Suresh Chandran, Rahul Potluri Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

Medical Complications After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Impact
Conclusion. Risk factors for the development of postoperative medical complications after correction of ASD include smoking, hypertension, and duration of symptoms. Patients who have one or more of these risk factors should be identified and informed during informed consent of their increased risks. They should be optimized preoperatively, and followed closely during the postoperative period. Level of Evidence: 3
Source: Spine - November 12, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: Deformity Source Type: research

The impact of the molecular diagnosis in the surveillance of the Clostridium difficile infection.
Authors: Bãicuş A, Cîrstoiu M, Lambru K, Plata F, Cîrstoiu CF Abstract Clostridium difficile is the agent of many cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea. The prevalence of the toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains was assessed by real-time PCR between May 2014- January 2015, at the Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. The incidence of the Clostridium difficile infection was 0.47%. Among the 1119 stool specimens tested, 165 (13.8%) were positive for C. difficile toxins A and B by immunochromatography test. All 165 positive samples were investigated by real time PCR and 134 (81%) samples were pos...
Source: Roumanian Archives of Microbiology and Immunology - April 7, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol Source Type: research

Outcomes of Hospitalization for Stem Cell Transplant in Sickle Cell Disease: Are We There Yet?
Conclusions: The rate of inpatient mortality with SCT in sickle cell disease is lower than the overall inpatient mortality rate for allogeneic SCT (7%; Godara et al bbmt 2018), indicating a favorable outcome for these patients. Infections do occur commonly during the course of hospitalization, especially in association with GVHD. Length of stay is adversely impacted by occurrence of GVHD, bacterial sepsis, C.difficile infection and viral infections. While we are limited by duration of follow up in our study, these patterns suggest some essential modifiers for inpatient morbidity and mortality, therefore require validation ...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Godara, A., Siddiqui, N., Afzal, A., Khan, M., Yared, J., Kansagra, A., Dahiya, S. Tags: 732. Clinical Allogeneic Transplantation: Results: Poster III Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Challenge to the Intestinal Mucosa During Sepsis
Conclusion The impact of sepsis on the gut is manifold, e.g., sepsis mediated alteration of the gut-blood barrier and increase in the intestinal permeability, which may correlate with the phenomena of bacterial translocation and lymphatic activation (“toxic-lymph”). Systemic consequences of sepsis are widespread and concern to the coagulative system, the microbiome as well as enzymes, such as pancreatic proteases, MMPs and IAPs. Nevertheless, the therapeutic approaches for modulating the mucosal immune system are still rarely effective in daily routine. Recent published studies showing that treatment with ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 29, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research