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Source: JAMA Neurology
Condition: Heart Attack

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Total 16 results found since Jan 2013.

Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level After a Stroke
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of statins as the primary prevention for patients with a high serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and as the secondary prevention after an acute coronary event have shown that lowering serum LDL-C levels reduces the risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, and vascular death. These trials included stroke as a secondary end point but not as an entry criterion. The benefit of LDL-C lowering to reduce the risk of ischemic strokes in primary prevention trials and for patients with coronary heart disease is not necessarily seen among patients who have had a stroke. The Stroke...
Source: JAMA Neurology - February 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Which Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Insulin Resistance May Benefit From Pioglitazone?
The Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke (IRIS) trial has reported that treating insulin resistance with the peroxisome proliferator –activated receptor γ agonist pioglitazone hydrochloride reduced recurrent stroke or myocardial infarction (MI) by about one-fourth compared with placebo (pioglitazone, 9.0% vs placebo, 11.8%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62-0.93) in 3876 patients with recent (<6 months) ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and insulin resistance but without diabetes, heart failure, or bladder cancer. Pioglitazone was also associated with less incident diabetes vs placebo (3.8% vs ...
Source: JAMA Neurology - September 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Targeting Pioglitazone Therapy After Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
This secondary analysis of the Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke trial estimates the relative and absolute effectiveness of pioglitazone after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in subgroups of patients defined by pretreatment risk for stroke or myocardial infarction.
Source: JAMA Neurology - September 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Disability Trajectories Before and After Stroke and Myocardial Infarction
This population-based cohort study evaluates the long-term effects of stroke on functional ability in patients before and after stroke compared with before and after myocardial infarction.
Source: JAMA Neurology - October 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Pioglitazone Therapy in Patients With Stroke and Prediabetes
This post hoc analysis of Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke (IRIS) randomized clinical trial assesses the association of pioglitazone vs placebo with recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular events.
Source: JAMA Neurology - February 7, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke, Death, and MI After Transcarotid Artery Revascularization vs Carotid Endarterectomy
This cohort study compares risk of 30-day stroke, death, or myocardial infarction or 1-year ipsilateral stroke among patients with standard surgical risk undergoing transcarotid artery revascularization vs carotid endarterectomy.
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Outcomes After Carotid Artery Stenting in Medicare Beneficiaries, 2005 to 2009
Conclusions and RelevanceCompeting risks may limit the benefits of CAS in certain Medicare beneficiaries, particularly among older and symptomatic patients who have higher periprocedural and long-term mortality risks. The generalizability of trials like the SAPPHIRE or CREST to the Medicare population may be limited, underscoring the need to evaluate real-world effectiveness of carotid stenosis treatments.
Source: JAMA Neurology - January 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Potential New Horizons for the Prevention of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Dementia
In this issue ofJAMA Neurology, Spence et al discuss the effect of pioglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing agent that has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke and myocardial infarction in patients with insulin resistance, in patients with prediabetes. Prediabetes was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria, ie, a hemoglobin A1c level of 5.7% to 6.4% or a fasting plasma glucose level of 100 to 125 mg/dL. Data were taken from the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke (IRIS) study, an international randomized clinical trial performed in patients with previous stroke or transient ischem...
Source: JAMA Neurology - February 7, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Informing vs Changing the Practice of Carotid Revascularization
The Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy vs Stenting Trial (CREST) was a multicenter randomized clinical trial directly comparing the risks and benefits of stenting with those of endarterectomy for symptomatic and asymptomatic high-grade stenosis. Involving 2502 patients across the United States and Canada followed-up for up to 10 years, the trial did not detect significant differences in the end point of perioperative stroke, myocardial infarction, or death or ipsilateral ischemic stroke after the perioperative period. Primary results were published in 2010. CREST clearly informed practice guidelines, but the extent t...
Source: JAMA Neurology - December 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Carotid Stenting—Why Treating an Artery May Not Treat the Patient
In this issue of JAMA Neurology, Jalbert and colleagues present the results of a detailed analysis of Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) administrative data on patients with carotid artery stenosis treated with carotid artery stenting. Their well-written manuscript and timely study included more than 22 000 patients treated and followed up between 2000 and 2009. They analyzed periprocedural complications (defined as stroke, transient ischemic attack [TIA], myocardial infarction [MI], and death within 30 days), as well as long-term stroke and mortality. Important variables that were analyzed included the degre...
Source: JAMA Neurology - January 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Considerations in Assessing Disability Trajectories
To the Editor We thank Dhamoon et al for their prospective longitudinal cohort study assessing the long-term disability trajectory before and after an ischemic stroke compared with myocardial infarction (MI). The authors found that the gradient of increasing disability was significantly steeper after a stroke but remained consistent after MI.
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Potential Benefits of Migraine —What Is It Good For?
Migraine is a painful neurological disease that causes substantial suffering for millions of people. Most individuals with migraine develop it when they are relatively young, and the condition persists for decades. Although migraine often improves with age, some individuals will continue to experience well into old age. Disease activity is highest in the otherwise productive middle years of life, with the result that the economic, social, and personal costs of migraine are out of proportion to its prevalence. As if this were not enough, migraine is associated with an increased risk of serious health conditions, including s...
Source: JAMA Neurology - December 17, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association Between Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Subsequent Arterial Ischemic Events
This analysis of pooled cohort data from 4 popluation-based cohort studies evaluates whether intracerebral hemorrhage was associated with an increased risk of incident ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction.
Source: JAMA Neurology - May 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Inducers and Cardiovascular Risk —Potential Role for Lowered Drug Exposure—Reply
In Reply We thank Van der Linden and colleagues for their interest in our article, which describes the long-term cardiovascular risk associated with continued use of enzyme-inducing antiseizure medications (eiASMs). With respect to our mediation analysis, we considered incident dyslipidemia as a binary mediator variable, as opposed to a continuous variable of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or total cholesterol, given its direct clinical relevance as the threshold over which treatment is initiated. However, we agree that future efforts at exploring a dose-dependent mediation between absolute and relative increases in l...
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research