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Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Mediastinal Radiation-Associated Severe Aortic Stenosis and Subsequent Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Matched Cohort Study Valvular Heart Disease
BackgroundCardiac disease after mediastinal radiotherapy for thoracic malignancy (chest radiotherapy [XRT]) often manifests as progressive aortic stenosis. In patients with XRT‐induced severe aortic stenosis undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), we sought to: (1) study long‐term survival and compare these patients with a matched cohort undergoing SAVR during the same time frame; and (2) identify potential predictors of long‐term mortality.Methods and ResultsWe studied patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis undergoing SAVR at our institution, of which there were 172 mediastinal XRT patients (6...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Donnellan, E., Masri, A., Johnston, D. R., Pettersson, G. B., Rodriguez, L. L., Popovic, Z. B., Roselli, E. E., Smedira, N. G., Svensson, L. G., Griffin, B. P., Desai, M. Y. Tags: Valvular Heart Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Peripheral Artery Disease Prevalence and Incidence Estimated From Both Outpatient and Inpatient Settings Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Epidemiology
ConclusionsThis study provides comprehensive estimates of PAD in the inpatient and outpatient settings where the majority of PAD burden was found. PAD is an important circulatory system disorder similar in prevalence to stroke and coronary heart disease.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kalbaugh, C. A., Kucharska-Newton, A., Wruck, L., Lund, J. L., Selvin, E., Matsushita, K., Bengtson, L. G. S., Heiss, G., Loehr, L. Tags: Epidemiology, Peripheral Vascular Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Comparison of Expert Adjudicated Coronary Heart Disease and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality With the National Death Index: Results From the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study Epidemiology
ConclusionsThe modest accuracy and differential performance of NDI‐derived cause of death may impact CHD and CVD mortality statistics.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Olubowale, O. T., Safford, M. M., Brown, T. M., Durant, R. W., Howard, V. J., Gamboa, C., Glasser, S. P., Rhodes, J. D., Levitan, E. B. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology Original Research Source Type: research

Temporal Trends in Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Care Epidemiology
BackgroundIncidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) are expected to increase dramatically; however, we currently lack comprehensive data on temporal trends in unselected clinical populations.Methods and ResultsAnalysis of the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) from 1998 to 2010 of patients with incident AF, excluding major valvular disease, linked to hospital admission data and national statistics. Fifty‐seven thousand eight hundred eighteen adults were identified with mean age 74.2 (SD, 11.7) years and 48.3% women. Overall age‐adjusted incidence of AF per 1000 person years was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.09...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lane, D. A., Skȷoth, F., Lip, G. Y. H., Larsen, T. B., Kotecha, D. Tags: Catheter Ablation and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator, Mortality/Survival, Quality and Outcomes Original Research Source Type: research

Reporting Clinical End Points and Safety Events in an Acute Coronary Syndrome Trial: Results With Integrated Collection Coronary Heart Disease
ConclusionsAn integrated collection of end points and serious AEs is feasible in a multinational trial and illustrates the shared characteristics of events. Tailoring event collection to fit the phase and purpose of the trial is achievable and informative.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00831441.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Guimaraes, P. O., Lopes, R. D., Stevens, S. R., Zimerman, A., Wruck, L., James, S. K., Haque, G., Giraldez, R. R. C. V., Alexander, J. H., Alexander, K. P. Tags: Clinical Studies, Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Acute Coronary Syndromes Original Research Source Type: research

Relationship Between Peak Troponin Values and Long-Term Ischemic Events Among Medically Managed Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Coronary Heart Disease
BackgroundThe relationship between troponin level and outcomes among patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation ACS is established, but the relationship of troponin level with long‐term outcomes among medically managed non‐ST‐segment elevation ACS patients receiving contemporary antiplatelet therapy is inadequately defined.Methods and ResultsIn 6763 medically managed non‐ST‐segment elevation ACS patients randomized in TRILOGY ACS (Targeted Platelet Inhibition to Clarify the Optimal Strategy to Medically Manage Acute Coronary Syndromes) (prasugrel versus clopidogrel), we examined relationships between categories o...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 11, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Goldstein, S. A., Newby, L. K., Cyr, D. D., Neely, M., Luscher, T. F., Brown, E. B., White, H. D., Ohman, E. M., Roe, M. T., Hamm, C. W. Tags: Acute Coronary Syndromes Original Research Source Type: research

Local Ancestry and Clinical Cardiovascular Events Among African Americans From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Genetics
ConclusionsFuture studies are needed to replicate and/or determine the causal variants driving our associations and explore clinical applications for those consistently associated with CVEs.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 10, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shendre, A., Irvin, M. R., Wiener, H., Zhi, D., Limdi, N. A., Overton, E. T., Shrestha, S. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Race and Ethnicity, Risk Factors, Heart Failure Original Research Source Type: research

Association of Cardiovascular Health With Subclinical Disease and Incident Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology
ConclusionsThere is a graded inverse association between CVH scores and measures of subclinical and overt cardiovascular disease that is similar across race/ethnic groups.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 20, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Polonsky, T. S., Ning, H., Daviglus, M. L., Liu, K., Burke, G. L., Cushman, M., Eng, J., Folsom, A. R., Lutsey, P. L., Nettleton, J. A., Post, W. S., Sacco, R. L., Szklo, M., Lloyd-Jones, D. M. Tags: Epidemiology, Lifestyle, Primary Prevention, Race and Ethnicity, Vascular Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention—Insights From the Coronary Angiography and PCI Registry of the German Society of Cardiology Coronary Heart Disease
ConclusionsDespite identical technical success rates of PCI between the 2 sexes, women with PCI for ST elevation myocardial infarction have a 20% higher age‐adjusted risk of death and of ischemic cardiac and cerebrovascular events. Further research is needed to determine the reasons for these differences.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 20, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Heer, T., Hochadel, M., Schmidt, K., Mehilli, J., Zahn, R., Kuck, K.–H., Hamm, C., Bohm, M., Ertl, G., Hoffmeister, H. M., Sack, S., Senges, J., Massberg, S., Gitt, A. K., Zeymer, U. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Women, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Stent, Treatment Original Research Source Type: research

Comparison of Carotid Plaque Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Events: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Epidemiology
BackgroundCoronary artery calcium (CAC) predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events better than carotid wall plaque presence; however, differences in the utility of CAC burden and carotid plaque burden across the spectrum of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events is unknown.Methods and ResultsCVD, CHD and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) events were evaluated prospectively in a multiethnic cohort without CVD at baseline. Carotid plaque score was determined by the number of ultrasound‐detected plaques in the common, bifurcation, and internal carotid artery segments. CAC was detected by computed tomography. Predictive ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gepner, A. D., Young, R., Delaney, J. A., Budoff, M. J., Polak, J. F., Blaha, M. J., Post, W. S., Michos, E. D., Kaufman, J., Stein, J. H. Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Computerized Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Original Research Source Type: research

Myocardial Oxygen Consumption and Efficiency in Aortic Valve Stenosis Patients With and Without Heart Failure Valvular Heart Disease
BackgroundMyocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and its coupling to contractile work are fundamentals of cardiac function and may be involved causally in the transition from compensated left ventricular hypertrophy to failure. Nevertheless, these processes have not been studied previously in patients with aortic valve stenosis (AS).Methods and ResultsParticipants underwent 11C‐acetate positron emission tomography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and echocardiography to measure MVO2 and myocardial external efficiency (MEE) defined as the ratio of left ventricular stroke work and the energy equivalent of MVO2. We studied...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 6, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hansson, N. H. S., Sorensen, J., Harms, H. J., Kim, W. Y., Nielsen, R., Tolbod, L. P., Frokiar, J., Bouchelouche, K., Dodt, K. K., Sihm, I., Poulsen, S. H., Wiggers, H. Tags: Metabolism, Heart Failure, Valvular Heart Disease, Imaging, Nuclear Cardiology and PET Original Research Source Type: research

Sex Differences in the Association Between Insulin Resistance and Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Among Blacks Without Diabetes Mellitus: The Jackson Heart Study Epidemiology
ConclusionsBoth HOMA‐IR and the McAuley index demonstrate strong associations with CHD but not stroke risk in blacks. The logHOMA‐IR and CHD association was present in men, but not in women.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Effoe, V. S., Wagenknecht, L. E., Echouffo Tcheugui, J. B., Chen, H., Joseph, J. J., Kalyani, R. R., Bell, R. A., Wu, W.-C. H., Casanova, R., Bertoni, A. G. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Research Source Type: research

Coronary Artery Calcium Score Improves the Prediction of Occult Coronary Artery Stenosis in Ischemic Stroke Patients Stroke
BackgroundCoronary heart disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in stroke patients. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) has emerged as a robust and noninvasive predictor of coronary events. We assessed the predictive ability of CACS to identify stroke patients with severe (≥50%) occult coronary artery stenosis in a stroke/transient ischemic attack population, in addition to the PRECORIS score, based on Framingham Risk Score and presence of cervicocephalic artery stenosis, which was derived and validated for that purpose.Methods and ResultsWe enrolled consecutive patients aged 45 to 75 years refer...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Beigneux, Y., Sablayrolles, J.-L., Varenne, O., Mas, J.-L., Calvet, D. Tags: Computerized Tomography (CT), Ischemic Stroke, Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Relationship Between QT Interval and Outcome in Low-Flow Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis With Low Left Ventricular Eȷection Fraction Valvular Heart Disease
ConclusionsIn patients with LF‐LG AS and reduced LVEF, longer QTc interval was associated with worse LV function and increased risk of death. Assessment of QTc may provide a simple and inexpensive tool to enhance risk stratification in LF‐LG AS patients.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT 01835028.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 19, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dahou, A., Toubal, O., Clavel, M.–A., Beaudoin, J., Magne, J., Mathieu, P., Philippon, F., Dumesnil, J. G., Puri, R., Ribeiro, H. B., Larose, E., Rodes-Cabau, J., Pibarot, P. Tags: Heart Failure, Valvular Heart Disease, Echocardiography, Electrocardiology (ECG), Prognosis Original Research Source Type: research

Angina and Future Cardiovascular Events in Stable Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry Coronary Heart Disease
BackgroundThe extent to which angina is associated with future cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease has long been debated.Methods and ResultsIncluded were outpatients with established coronary artery disease who were enrolled in the REACH registry and were followed for 4 years. Angina at baseline was defined as necessitating episodic or permanent antianginal treatment. The primary end point was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Secondary end points included heart failure, cardiovascular hospitalizations, and coronary revascularization. The independent associ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 27, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Eisen, A., Bhatt, D. L., Steg, P. G., Eagle, K. A., Goto, S., Guo, J., Smith, S. C., Ohman, E. M., Scirica, B. M., the REACH Registry Investigators Tags: Myocardial Infarction, Angina, Coronary Artery Disease Original Research Source Type: research

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