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Specialty: Neurology
Source: JAMA Neurology
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Total 364 results found since Jan 2013.
Primary Stroke Centers vs Comprehensive Stroke Centers
During all but the last 5 years of the 20th century, life was rather simple for health care planners who were concerned with care for patients with stroke. There was no proven effective treatment; therefore, no special guidelines were required. Stroke care changed significantly in 1995, when intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was found to be an effective treatment when given soon after stroke onset. With the intent of improving care, hospitals were encouraged to develop primary stroke centers (PSCs) that had sufficient medical personnel, technology, and protocols that would enable them to deliver IV tPA efficiently.
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 20, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Effect of Stroke Education Pamphlets vs a 12-Minute Culturally Tailored Stroke Film
This cluster randomized clinical trial of stroke preparedness among black and Hispanic churchgoers evaluates the effect of culturally tailored 12-minute stroke films on stroke preparedness vs the usual care practice of distributing stroke education pamphlets.
Source: JAMA Neurology - July 1, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prehospital Stroke Management Optimized by the Use of Clinical Scoring vs Mobile Stroke Unit
This randomized clinical trial explores how prehospital management optimized by the use of the Los Angeles Motor Scale compares with prehospital management in a mobile stroke unit that includes vascular imaging in accurately triaging patients with stroke to the appropriate target hospital providing (comprehensive stroke center) or not providing (primary stroke center) neurointerventional treatment.
Source: JAMA Neurology - September 3, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Broadening Our SCOPE of Understanding Patent Foramen Ovale High-risk Features and Stroke
Paradoxical embolization of a blood clot of presumed venous origin through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is increasingly recognized as a legitimate cause of otherwise cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CIS). The term PFO-associated stroke has been proposed, as has where and how to classify this entity in the nomenclature of various ischemic stroke subtyping systems. PFOs are common, with prevalence as high as 25% in the general population. The prevalence of PFO is further increased in patients with CIS (overall 2.9 times higher), and especially so in the subset of younger patients (<55 years, 5.1 times higher). One estimate of...
Source: JAMA Neurology - October 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prehospital Thrombolysis for Stroke An Idea Whose Golden Hour Has Arrived
Soon after thrombolytic therapy was established as a therapy for ischemic stroke, our colleague Anthony Furlan, MD, famously circulated a cartoon of a computed tomographic (CT) scanner visible through the back doors of an ambulance, where a happy stroke physician had hung a bottle dripping tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) into the scanned patient’s arm. Because the time interval from stroke onset to initiation of thrombolysis after ischemic stroke is inversely related to the probability of disability-free recovery, prehospital initiation of thrombolytic therapy seemed a compelling and logical ambition, if one could rul...
Source: JAMA Neurology - November 17, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Associations Between Sex-Specific Risk Factors and Stroke
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines sex-specific risk factors for ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, any stroke, and stroke mortality.
Source: JAMA Neurology - November 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Stroke Diagnosis and Treatment in the Emergency Department
To the Editor We read with interest the Viewpoint by Avasarala. The author suggested that the diagnosis of acute stroke can, and should, be made without a neurologist, as acute stroke management is a “cookbook” easily performed by nonneurologists, with little downside to treating “false-positives.” We propose that complete stroke diagnosis is not a cookbook algorithm and that stroke care goes beyond the initial diagnosis. The neurologist plays a prominent role in both.
Source: JAMA Neurology - January 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
In this issue ofJAMA Neurology, Nogueira et al report the results of a trial comparing aspiration-assisted stent retrieval with aspiration alone in patients with acute ischemic stroke. In a few years ’ time, mechanical thrombectomy has become a standard for treatment of acute ischemic stroke caused by proximal intracranial thromboembolic occlusions. This progress is amazing when one considers where we stood in 2013, with 3 neutral trials of intra-arterial treatment for stroke. The next 5 trial s that were published in quick succession in early 2015 and 2 later ones all indicated that early thrombectomy has a strong benef...
Source: JAMA Neurology - January 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Realizing Benefits From More Intensive Blood Pressure Control for Preventing Recurrent Stroke
Blood pressure (BP) targets below 140/90 mm Hg in high-risk patients, such as those who have had a stroke, remain a controversial topic. A pivotal meta-analysis of 61 prospective observational studies involving 1 million adults without previous cardiovascular (CV) disease showed a linear association between usual BP levels and deaths from ischemic heart disease and stroke, down to BP levels as low as 115/75 mm Hg. These data prompted the “lower the better” hypothesis and challenged the long-standing argument of a J-curve or U-curve association of BP levels in such patients. Before the pivotal Systolic Blood Pressure In...
Source: JAMA Neurology - July 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prehospital Comprehensive Stroke Center vs Primary Stroke Center Triage in Patients With Suspected LVO Stroke
This preimplementation-postimplementation study evaluates the association of a regional prehospital transport policy for comprehensive stroke center triage for patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion with rates of endovascular therapy.
Source: JAMA Neurology - August 9, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Factors Associated With Neurological Outcome After Childhood Stroke
In Reply We thank Goh and Sivakumaran for their interest in and comments on our article, which was a retrospective study of blood pressure, blood glucose, and fever and their associations with outcome after arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Although we did not find a significant association between hypertension and neurological outcome or death at 3 months after stroke, we found that when carefully tracked, vital sign abnormalities were very common in the poststroke period. In our future directions section, we proposed a larger prospective study precisely because of the limitations of our study design and conflic...
Source: JAMA Neurology - August 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Lesion Size and Perspective in Acute Ischemic Stroke
The computed tomographic (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of early cerebral ischemia are literally, and figuratively, shades of gray in decision making regarding the triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke for revascularization. The subtleties and areas of uncertainty on imaging of this dynamic process, where an arterial occlusion is mitigated by collateral perfusion in the brain, defy concrete rules or thresholds that are equally consequential across individual patients. Imaging criteria, whether more than one-third of the middle cerebral artery territory, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) sc...
Source: JAMA Neurology - November 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Stroke in Alzheimer Disease
To the Editor I read with interest the article by Tosto et al studying the influence of cardiovascular risk factors and stroke in familial late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD). The main findings were that history of stroke increased the risk for LOAD, while hypertension decreased the risk for LOAD. The study suggests that stroke mediates the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on increased risk for LOAD.
Source: JAMA Neurology - November 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Primary Stroke Center Protocol for Suspected Stroke by Large-Vessel Occlusion
This cohort study reports on the association of a primary stroke center protocol with the efficiency of care and the outcomes of patients with suspected emergent large-vessel occlusion who first present to a primary stroke center.
Source: JAMA Neurology - May 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Which Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Insulin Resistance May Benefit From Pioglitazone?
The Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke (IRIS) trial has reported that treating insulin resistance with the peroxisome proliferator –activated receptor γ agonist pioglitazone hydrochloride reduced recurrent stroke or myocardial infarction (MI) by about one-fourth compared with placebo (pioglitazone, 9.0% vs placebo, 11.8%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62-0.93) in 3876 patients with recent (<6 months) ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and insulin resistance but without diabetes, heart failure, or bladder cancer. Pioglitazone was also associated with less incident diabetes vs placebo (3.8% vs ...
Source: JAMA Neurology - September 18, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
