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Long-Term Prognostic Risk in Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease as a Function of the Number of Peripheral Arterial Lesions Health Services and Outcomes Research
Conclusions Among PAD patients, a greater number of lesions is associated with an increased risk of an adverse prognosis over 3 years of follow-up. Assessing the number of lower extremity lesions might serve as a simple risk-stratification tool at initial PAD diagnosis.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 26, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Smolderen, K. G., van Zitteren, M., Jones, P. G., Spertus, J. A., Heyligers, J. M., Nooren, M. J., Vriens, P. W., Denollet, J. Tags: Health Services and Outcomes Research Source Type: research

Racial Disparities in Intravenous Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Use Persist at Primary Stroke Centers Stroke
Conclusions Racial disparities in intravenous rt-PA use were not reduced by presentation to PSCs. Black patients were less likely to receive thrombolytic treatment than white patients at both non-PSCs and PSCs. Hispanic patients were less likely to be seen at PSCs relative to white patients and were less likely to receive intravenous rt-PA in the fully adjusted model.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aparicio, H. J., Carr, B. G., Kasner, S. E., Kallan, M. J., Albright, K. C., Kleindorfer, D. O., Mullen, M. T. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analysis From the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) Trial Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions In this post-hoc analysis, COPD patients experienced high rates of ischemic events. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel reduced and substantially decreased the absolute risk of ischemic events (5.8%) in COPD patients, without increasing overall major bleeding events. The benefit-risk profile supports the use of ticagrelor in patients with ACS and concomitant COPD. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00391872.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Andell, P., James, S. K., Cannon, C. P., Cyr, D. D., Himmelmann, A., Husted, S., Keltai, M., Koul, S., Santoso, A., Steg, P. G., Storey, R. F., Wallentin, L., Erlinge, D., the PLATO Investigators Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

Hemodynamic Correlates of Abnormal Aortic Root Dimension in an Adult Population: The Strong Heart Study Vascular Medicine
Conclusions Aortic root dilatation is associated with high diastolic blood pressure, high stroke volume, central fat distribution, and inflammatory status. In contrast, at a given diastolic blood pressure and stroke volume, aortic root dilatation is associated with lower pulse pressure and systolic blood pressure.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 28, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: de Simone, G., Roman, M. J., De Marco, M., Bella, J. N., Izzo, R., Lee, E. T., Devereux, R. B. Tags: Vascular Medicine Source Type: research

Association of Acute and Chronic Hyperglycemia With Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcomes Post-Thrombolysis: Findings From Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Stroke
Conclusion Acute and chronic hyperglycemia are both associated with increased mortality and worse clinical outcomes in AIS patients treated with tPA. Controlled trials are needed to determine whether acute correction of hyperglycemia can improve outcomes after thrombolysis.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 25, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Masrur, S., Cox, M., Bhatt, D. L., Smith, E. E., Ellrodt, G., Fonarow, G. C., Schwamm, L. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Risk of Recurrent Stroke and Death After First Stroke in Long-Distance Ski Race Participants Epidemiology
Conclusions This large cohort study supports the hypothesis that patients with a stroke and with prior regular physical activity have a lower risk of death, while their risk for recurrent stroke is similar to that of nonskiers. The skiers had a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation, but still no increased risk of recurring stroke.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hallmarker, U., Asberg, S., Michaelsson, K., Arnlov, J., Hellberg, D., Lindback, J., Wester, P., James, S. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Post-Acute Care Data for Predicting Readmission After Ischemic Stroke: A Nationwide Cohort Analysis Using the Minimum Data Set Stroke
Conclusions Individual clinical characteristics from the post–acute care setting resulted in only modest improvement in the c-statistic relative to previous models that used only Medicare Part A data. Individual-level characteristics do not sufficiently account for the risk of acute hospital readmission.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 22, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fehnel, C. R., Lee, Y., Wendell, L. C., Thompson, B. B., Potter, N. S., Mor, V. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Association Between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Total Stroke by Hypertensive Status Among Men Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
Conclusions Elevated hsCRP levels were associated with a greater risk of total stroke, even after adjustment for potential confounders and cardiovascular risk factors. Risk of total stroke was significantly higher among hypertensive men with elevated hsCRP compared with normotensive men with low hsCRP.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 21, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jimenez, M. C., Rexrode, K. M., Glynn, R. J., Ridker, P. M., Gaziano, J. M., Sesso, H. D. Tags: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Source Type: research

Differences in Quality of Life Between Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Low Stroke Risk Treated With and Without Catheter Ablation Health Services and Outcomes Research
Conclusions QoL was balanced at baseline and improved at 6 months in both groups from this observational propensity-matched cohort based on the AFEQT questionnaire. However, RFA treatment was only associated with small-to-moderate superiorities over non-RFA treatment. The role of RFA in QoL improvement among AF patients with low stroke risk requires further research.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bai, Y., Bai, R., Wu, J.-H., Zhang, T., Liu, N., Shi, X.-B., Liu, X.-Y., Liu, X.-H., Du, X., Dong, J.-Z., Ma, C.-S. Tags: Health Services and Outcomes Research Source Type: research

Left Ventricular Structure and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Framingham Heart Study Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study Epidemiology
Conclusions Among adults free of prevalent CVD in the community, greater LVMI and LV concentric hypertrophy are associated with a marked increase in adverse incident CVD events. The potential benefit of aggressive primary prevention to modify LV mass and geometry in these adults requires further investigation.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 15, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tsao, C. W., Gona, P. N., Salton, C. J., Chuang, M. L., Levy, D., Manning, W. J., O'Donnell, C. J. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Effects of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Cardiac Remodeling and Contractile Function: Results From Resynchronization Reverses Remodeling in Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction (REVERSE) Heart Failure
Conclusion In patients with NYHA Class I/II heart failure, cardiac resynchronization therapy exerts favorable changes in left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes and the volume intercept. The volume intercept may be useful to gain insight into prognosis in heart failure. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT00271154.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - September 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: St. John Sutton, M., Cerkvenik, J., Borlaug, B. A., Daubert, C., Gold, M. R., Ghio, S., Chirinos, J. A., Linde, C., Ky, B. Tags: Heart Failure Source Type: research

Long-Term Antiplatelet Mono- and Dual Therapies After Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Network Meta-Analysis Stroke
Conclusions Long-term monotherapy was a better choice than long-term dual therapy, and cilostazol had the best risk–benefit profile for long-term secondary prevention after stroke or transient ischemic attack. More randomized controlled trials in non–East Asian patients are needed to determine whether long-term use of cilostazol is the best option for the prevention of recurrent stroke.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xie, W., Zheng, F., Zhong, B., Song, X. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Dabigatran is Less Effective Than Warfarin at Attenuating Mechanical Heart Valve-Induced Thrombin Generation Valvular Heart Disease
Conclusions MHV induce thrombin generation via the intrinsic pathway and generate sufficient thrombin to overwhelm clinically relevant dabigatran concentrations. In contrast, warfarin is more effective than dabigatran at suppressing MHV-induced thrombin generation. These data explain why dabigatran failed in MHV patients and suggest that strategies targeting FXII or FXI may suppress the root cause of thrombosis in such patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jaffer, I. H., Stafford, A. R., Fredenburgh, J. C., Whitlock, R. P., Chan, N. C., Weitz, J. I. Tags: Valvular Heart Disease Source Type: research

Outcome Reporting in Cardiac Surgery Trials: Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal Cardiovascular Surgery
Conclusions Outcome reporting in the cardiac surgery literature is heterogeneous, and efforts should be made to standardize the outcomes reported and the definitions used to ascertain them. The development of standardizing outcome reporting is an essential step toward strengthening the process of evidence-based care in cardiac surgery.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 17, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Goldfarb, M., Drudi, L., Almohammadi, M., Langlois, Y., Noiseux, N., Perrault, L., Piazza, N., Afilalo, J. Tags: Cardiovascular Surgery Source Type: research

Racial/Ethnic and Sex Differences in Emergency Medical Services Transport Among Hospitalized US Stroke Patients: Analysis of the National Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Registry Stroke
Conclusions EMS use differed by race/ethnicity and sex. These contemporary data document suboptimal use of EMS transport among US stroke patients, especially by racial/ethnic minorities and those with less recognized stroke symptoms.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mochari-Greenberger, H., Xian, Y., Hellkamp, A. S., Schulte, P. J., Bhatt, D. L., Fonarow, G. C., Saver, J. L., Reeves, M. J., Schwamm, L. H., Smith, E. E. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

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