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Specialty: Neuroscience
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.

O204 Simultaneous bi-hemispheric repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for upper limb motor recovery in chronic stroke: A double blind placebo controlled study
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising intervention for the treatment of post-stroke motor deficits. Since the crucial role of non-primary motor cortices and contralesional brain areas is emerging for motor recovery in chronic stroke; we assessed safety and efficacy of bilateral rTMS over the motor areas associated to physical training (PT) on upper extremity (UE) motor function.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Raffaella Chieffo, Giuseppe Scopelliti, Mario Fichera, Giovanni Di Maggio, Roberto Santangelo, Simone Guerrieri, Elise Houdayer, Abraham Zangen, Giancarlo Comi, Letizia Leocani Source Type: research

S186 Effect of reciprocal pedaling exercise on cortical reorganization and gait in stroke patients
Functional impairment of the lower limb is a major complication in stroke patients. The involvement of the cortex in pedaling has critical clinical implications to control of cyclical motor functions in patients with damaged cortical structures or cortical pathways.The study aimed at determining the effect of reciprocal pedaling exercise (RPE) on the gait and cortical reorganization in the stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mahmoud Rezk, Moshera Darweesh, Mohamed ElTamawy, Mye Basheer Source Type: research

S185 The effect of bilateral arm training on motor areas excitability in chronic stroke patients
Physical therapy exercises that do not enhance motor areas neuroplasticity lead to motor impairment especially at the upper extremity (UE) in the chronic stroke patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of using bilateral arm training on motor areas excitability (neuroplasticity) in the chronic stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Walaa Ragab, Moshera Darwish, Mohamed El Tamawy, Ann Abdel Kader Source Type: research

S184 Effect of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognitive function in stroke
To evaluate the effect of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation( rTMS) on cognitive function in stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Heba Raafat, Ebtisam Fahmy, Sandra Ahmed, Abdulaleem Atteya, Tahani Mousa Source Type: research

O174 Preliminary results of testing the recoveriX system on stroke patients
Motor imagery based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) extract the movement intentions of subjects in real-time and can be used to control a cursor or medical devices. In the last years, the control of functional electrical stimulation (FES) devices drew researchers ’ attention for the post-stroke rehabilitation field. In here, a patient can use the movement imagery to artificially induce movements of the paretic arms through FES in real-time.Five patients who had a stroke that affected the motor system participated in the current study, and were trained acro ss 10 to 24 sessions lasting about 40min each with the recoveriX® system.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Danut Irimia, Rupert Ortner, Francisco Fernandes, Christoph Guger, Alexander Heilinger, Martin Walchshofer, Johannes Gruenwald Source Type: research

P295 Effects of functional electric stimulation and task specific training on gait recovery in patients with stroke: Randomized controlled trial
This work was designed to assess the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) combined with task specific training on gait recovery in stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 17, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Salma Marzouk, Amr Hassan, Mohamed Marzouk, Moshira Darweesh, Rasha Nazeer Source Type: research

Evaluating Brain-Computer Interface Performance Using Color in the P300 Checkerboard Speller
A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a specific type of human-machine interaction. BCI is a direct link between the human brain and a computer. BCIs can be defined as invasive utilizing techniques requiring implantation such as electrocorticography (ECoG), or non-invasive techniques utilizing techniques requiring surface electrodes such as electroencephalography (EEG [Wolpaw et al. 2003]). A BCI can provide an important communication outlet for those who are “locked-in” by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), brain stem stroke, or head trauma.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D.B. Ryan, G. Townsend, N.A. Gates, K. Colwell, E.W. Sellers Source Type: research

Stretch-reflex threshold modulation during active elbow movements in post-stroke survivors with spasticity
Spasticity is a common complication of stroke, occurring in ∼20-50% of patients in the first year (Wissel et al., 2013) and often associated with other sensory and motor impairments (e.g., muscle weakness, loss of dexterity). Spasticity is generally assessed by resistance or EMG responses to passive muscle stretches and has been attributed to exaggerated s pinal stretch reflexes (SRs) and alterations in intrinsic muscle properties (Dietz and Sinkjaer, 2007). For example, motor units of spastic muscles often have an impaired ability to relax (Lewek et al., 2007), prolonged spontaneous firing (Mottram et al., 2010) and low...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 3, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nicolas A. Turpin, Anatol G. Feldman, Mindy F. Levin Source Type: research

Applying a pelvic corrective force induces forced use of the paretic leg and improves paretic leg EMG activities of individuals post-stroke during treadmill walking
Walking dysfunction is one of the commonly reported physical limitations after stroke (Perry et al., 1995). Individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis typically demonstrate slow gait velocity, reduced stride and step length, and both decreased period of stance and increased period of swing of the paretic leg (Balaban and Tok, 2014; Patterson et al., 2010a). As walking dysfunction can increase the risk of falls (Hausdorff et al., 2001), restrict functional mobility and negatively affect quality of life (Maclean et al., 2000; Perry et al., 1995; Schmid et al., 2007), an important goal of stroke rehabilitation is to improve sym...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 31, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Chao-Jung Hsu, Janis Kim, Rongnian Tang, Elliot J. Roth, William Z. Rymer, Ming Wu Source Type: research

Fine motor skills predict performance in the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test after stroke
In our daily life, we are highly dependent on the functionality of our hands. Fine motor skills are essential for holding, grasping and manipulating objects. They require an interplay between multiple sensorimotor systems. Visual, haptic, auditory and sensory information has to be integrated with sensorimotor predictions based on mechanical properties of objects being manipulated, such as weight and surface. Additionally, reactive adaptions to changing loads (Nowak et al., 2013) also play an important role.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 31, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kathrin Allg öwer, Joachim Hermsdörfer Source Type: research

Need for updating safety recommendations on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke patients
A paper entitled “Inhibition versus facilitation of contralesional motor cortices in stroke: Deriving a model to tailor brain stimulation” was published by Sankarasubramanian et al. in Clinical Neurophysiology in March 2017 (Sankarasubramanian et al., 2017). That article reported the results of a study that aime d at investigating whether facilitation of contralesional dorsal premotor cortex by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) permitted to improve upper-limb function in severely affected post-stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 2, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bertrand Glize, Dominique Guehl, M élanie Cogné Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Reply to “Need for updating safety recommendations on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke patients”
We are pleased to receive the correspondence from Glize et al. in regards to our paper published recently in Clinical Neurophysiology (Sankarasubramanian et al., 2017). We thank the authors for their interest and insightful comments regarding approaches used in our study. In brief, our study investigated the effectiveness of facilitating excitability of the contralesional dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) in patients severely affected by stroke. PMd was targeted using high-frequency (5 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 2, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ela B. Plow, Vishwanath Sankarasubramanian, Kelsey A. Potter-Baker, Yin-Liang Lin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Flexion Synergy Overshadows Flexor Spasticity During Reaching in Chronic Moderate to Severe Hemiparetic Stroke
Clinicians will be required to quantitatively measure and directly target the contributing underlying motor impairments in individuals with hemiparetic stroke to realize advances beyond conventional care in restoring upper extremity function (Krakauer et al., 2012). In the context of reaching function, impairment in joint individuation is the best predictor of recovery outcome over other common impairments observed in chronic stroke such as weakness and spasticity (Zackowski et al., 2004). The term “spasticity” is defined traditionally as a velocity-dependent hyperactive stretch reflex (Lance, 1980; Thilmann et al., 19...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 12, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Michael D. Ellis, Ingrid Schut, Julius P.A. Dewald Source Type: research

Reliability of lower limb transcranial magnetic stimulation outcomes in the ipsi- and contralesional hemispheres of adults with chronic stroke
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) represents a painless and non-invasive method to study the motor system. TMS has become extensively used worldwide, for example in healthy humans to investigate mechanisms of brain plasticity in the primary motor cortex (M1) (Delvendahl et al., 2012) and to probe the neurophysiological underpinnings of M1 function (Reis et al., 2008). Also, TMS-related measures are used clinically for diagnostic, prognostic and evaluative purposes in different pathologies, such as stroke (Liepert et al., 2000a; Liepert et al., 2000b; Talelli et al., 2006).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 9, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Beaulieu Louis-David, Mass é-Alarie Hugo, Ribot-Ciscar Edith, Schneider Cyril Source Type: research

tDCS for motor stroke: the relevance of systematic comparisons
The need for adjuvant therapies to enhance motor recovery after stroke is documented by the global incidence of approx. 17 million stroke cases per year, resulting in the leading cause for long-term disability worldwide (Feigin et al., 2014). Electromagnetic brain stimulation protocols have the capacity to induce neuroplasticity non-invasively in cortical areas and have thereby the potential to promote recovery processes. One of the techniques that has raised considerable hope as an adjuvant tool for motor rehabilitation is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) (Buch et al., 2017).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - April 25, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Bernhard Sehm Tags: Editorial Source Type: research