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Total 3153 results found since Jan 2013.

Letter re: Evaluating the safety of {beta}-interferons in MS: A series of nested case-control studies
In a series of case-control studies of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), de Jong et al.1 found that exposure to β-interferons was associated with a 1.8-fold increased risk of stroke. The authors rightfully state that stroke is not well-recognized as a potential adverse event of β-interferons, referring to cases reported in 2006 and 2008.2,3
Source: Neurology - November 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Jongen, P. J. Tags: WRITECLICK & amp;reg; EDITOR ' S CHOICE Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Bilateral hypertrophic olivary degeneration following posterior circulation stroke
A 40-year-old comatose man was brought to the hospital with a history of posterior circulation stroke 4 months earlier due to hypertension. On examination, he had spastic quadriplegia, bilateral extensor plantar reflex, and palatal myoclonus. MRI revealed enlarged olives (figure 1) and chronic infarcts involving midbrain and pons (figure 2) suggestive of hypertrophic olivary degeneration seen after 4 months of insult. Hypertrophic olivary degeneration is a transsynaptic degeneration involving interconnecting fibers of inferior olivary nucleus, red nucleus, and contralateral dentate nucleus forming the 3 corners of the Guil...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Venkatesh, M., Prasad, V. R. S., Basha, S. U., Priya, G. H. J. Tags: MRI, Coma, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Education, Infarction RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Polycystic kidney disease and intracranial aneurysms: Some answers, but many questions remain
Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) occur in about 2%–3% of the population. Several medical conditions are associated with a UIA presence, including autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Clinicians and patients want to know the risk of aneurysm growth, rupture, or de novo development, predictors of clinical outcomes, and the optimal initial and follow-up screening for individuals with UIA and ADPKD. Such data are unavailable. The recent American Heart Association–American Stroke Association statement on UIAs recommends that patients with familial risk and patients with conditions in which an...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Torner, J. C., Brown, R. D. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Oral antidiabetic drugs and dementia risk: Does treatment matter?
As the population ages, dementia grows as a public health problem. The rising life expectancy and the aging of the so-called baby boomer cohort translate to a substantial number of people reaching ages of high risk for age-related conditions like dementia. As a major cause of disability and dependency in elderly people, dementia puts social and economic burden on patients and their families and affects health care systems worldwide. In the absence of a cure, primary prevention will have the largest effect on the reduction of dementia occurrence.1 Thus, public health research should focus on the identification of modifiable...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Fink, A., Haenisch, B. Tags: All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Polycystic kidney disease among 4,436 intracranial aneurysm patients from a defined population
Conclusions: Subarachnoid hemorrhage occurs at younger age and from smaller IAs in patients with ADPKD and risk for de novo IAs is higher than in the general Eastern Finnish population. ADPKD should be considered as an indicator for long-term angiographic follow-up in patients with diagnosed IAs.
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nurmonen, H. J., Huttunen, T., Huttunen, J., Kurki, M. I., Helin, K., Koivisto, T., von und zu Fraunberg, M., Jääskeläinen, J. E., Lindgren, A. E. Tags: Stroke in young adults, Cohort studies, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, All Genetics ARTICLE Source Type: research

Thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke in patients with dementia: A Swedish registry study
Conclusions: Younger patients with dementia and AIS are less likely to receive IVT. Among patients receiving thrombolysis, there are no differences in sICH or death, although patients with dementia have worse accommodation and functional outcomes at 3 months.
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zupanic, E., von Euler, M., Kareholt, I., Contreras Escamez, B., Fastbom, J., Norrving, B., Religa, D., Kramberger, M. G., Winblad, B., Johnell, K., Eriksdotter, M., Garcia-Ptacek, S. Tags: Prognosis, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, Cohort studies, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Change in multimodal MRI markers predicts dementia risk in cerebral small vessel disease
Conclusions: This longitudinal prospective study provides evidence that change in MRI measures including DTI, over time durations during which cognitive change is not detectable, predicts cognitive decline and progression to dementia. It supports the use of MRI measures, including DTI, as useful surrogate biomarkers to monitor disease and assess therapeutic interventions.
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zeestraten, E. A., Lawrence, A. J., Lambert, C., Benjamin, P., Brookes, R. L., Mackinnon, A. D., Morris, R. G., Barrick, T. R., Markus, H. S. Tags: MRI, DWI, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, Assessment of cognitive disorders/dementia ARTICLE Source Type: research

Association of metabolic syndrome and change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores
Conclusions: Persons with Parkinson disease meeting modified criteria for metabolic syndrome experienced a greater increase in total UPDRS scores over time, mainly as a result of increases in motor scores, compared to those who did not. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00449865.
Source: Neurology - October 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Leehey, M., Luo, S., Sharma, S., Wills, A.-M. A., Bainbridge, J. L., Wong, P. S., Simon, D. K., Schneider, J., Zhang, Y., Perez, A., Dhall, R., Christine, C. W., Singer, C., Cambi, F., Boyd, J. T. Tags: All Medical/Systemic disease, Endocrine, Parkinson's disease/Parkinsonism ARTICLE Source Type: research

COL4A2 is associated with lacunar ischemic stroke and deep ICH: Meta-analyses among 21,500 cases and 40,600 controls
Conclusions: These results provide evidence of shared genetic determinants and suggest common pathophysiologic mechanisms of distinct ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebral SVD stroke phenotypes, offering new insights into the causal mechanisms of cerebral SVD.
Source: Neurology - October 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Rannikmäe, K., Sivakumaran, V., Millar, H., Malik, R., Anderson, C. D., Chong, M., Dave, T., Falcone, G. J., Fernandez-Cadenas, I., Jimenez-Conde, J., Lindgren, A., Montaner, J., O'Donnell, M., Pare, G., Radmanesh, F., Rost, N. S., Slowik, A., So& Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Infarction, Intracerebral hemorrhage, All Genetics, Association studies in genetics ARTICLE Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Artery of Percheron thrombosis causing selective downgaze palsy
A 47-year-old man with migraines presented with sudden onset of vertical diplopia, dysarthria, right facial weakness, and downgaze palsy (figure 1). Brain MRI revealed ischemic strokes in the midbrain periaqueductal gray, bilateral thalamic–midbrain junction, and thalamus (figure 2, A–C). Gradient echo and T1 MRI showed hypointensity in the interpeduncular fossa (figure 2, D and E). No flow could be visualized in this structure on CT angiogram or catheter angiogram, demonstrating a thrombosed artery of Percheron (figure 2, F–H). Downgaze palsy, which improved 18 months later, may result from bilateral les...
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sechler, M., Singh, J., El Husseini, N. Tags: MRI, DWI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Infarction RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Teaching Video NeuroImages: My weeping patient: Avoiding the pitfalls of a functional diagnosis
A 54-year-old man presented with symptoms of a posterior circulation stroke. A right facial palsy and horizontal right end gaze nystagmus was noted. On resolution, episodes of uncontrolled weeping without a provoking stimulus was observed (video at Neurology.org). These were initially unremitting, lasting minutes, with complete resolution after 1 month. An early consideration was of a functional neurologic disorder. Subsequent MRI brain demonstrated bilateral anterior pontine infarcts (figure). It has been hypothesized that pseudobulbar affect (PBA) results from the loss of frontal cortex input to the cerebellum during emo...
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Peters, J., Vijiaratnam, N., Wijeratne, T. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Education RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Smoking cessation and secondary stroke prevention
The 7 million adult stroke survivors in the United States remain at high risk for a recurrent stroke. The increased morbidity and cost associated with recurrent stroke, in addition to the 5% to 20% yearly stroke recurrence, support the need for additional investigations into secondary stroke prevention.1,2 Stroke prevention guidelines, whether primary or secondary, focus on risk factor control of modifiable risk factors. The American Heart Association/American Stroke Association guidelines for secondary stroke prevention indicate evidence-based risk factor control, interventional approaches, and treatment options as approa...
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Boehme, A. Tags: EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic persons with primary age-related tauopathy
Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that participants with PART have an amyloid-independent dementing Alzheimer disease–like temporal lobe tauopathy.
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Besser, L. M., Crary, J. F., Mock, C., Kukull, W. A. Tags: All Clinical Neurology, Prognosis, Depression, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, Cognitive aging ARTICLE Source Type: research

Smoking cessation and outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA
Conclusion: Cessation of cigarette smoking after an ischemic stroke or TIA was associated with significant health benefits over 4.8 years in the IRIS trial cohort.
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Epstein, K. A., Viscoli, C. M., Spence, J. D., Young, L. H., Inzucchi, S. E., Gorman, M., Gerstenhaber, B., Guarino, P. D., Dixit, A., Furie, K. L., Kernan, W. N., For the IRIS Trial Investigators Tags: Stroke prevention, Prognosis, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Letter re: Ischemic Lesions, blood pressure dysregulation, and poor outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage
We appreciated the article by Kidwell et al.1 that showed higher first-recorded blood pressure (BP) and greater delta mean arterial pressure are associated with the development of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) lesions in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The most desirable BP target and optimal antihypertensive strategy in ICH are controversial.2 The relationship between BP and outcome is more complex than simply linear, and mechanisms other than BP reduction play a role. There is accruing evidence that not only absolute BP levels but their variation over time affect ICH prognosis.3 Besides increasing the risk of he...
Source: Neurology - October 16, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lattanzi, S., Silvestrini, M. Tags: WRITECLICK & amp;reg; EDITOR ' S CHOICE Source Type: research