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A Narrative Review of the Neurological Manifestations of Human Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency
AbstractDeficiency of human adenosine deaminase type 2 (DADA2) is a complex systemic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by vasculopathy, immune dysregulation, and hematologic abnormalities. The most notable neurological manifestations of DADA2 are strokes that can manifest with various neurological symptoms and are potentially fatal. However, neurological presentations can be diverse. We here present a review of the neurological manifestations of DADA2 to increase clinical awareness of DADA2 as the underlying diagnosis. We reviewed all published cases of DADA2 from 1 January 2014 until 19 July 2022 found via PubMed. A...
Source: Journal of Clinical Immunology - August 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Changes in incidence rates of outcomes of interest in vaccine safety studies during the COVID-19 pandemic
CONCLUSION: Rates of some clinical outcomes during the pandemic changed and should not be used as historical background rates in vaccine safety studies. Inclusion of telehealth visits should be considered for vaccine studies involving Bell's palsy, ITP, and narcolepsy/cataplexy.PMID:35465977 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.04.037
Source: Vaccine - April 25, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Stanley Xu Vennis Hong Lina S Sy Sungching C Glenn Denison S Ryan Kerresa L Morrissette Jennifer C Nelson Simon J Hambidge Bradley Crane Ousseny Zerbo Malini B DeSilva Jason M Glanz James G Donahue Elizabeth Liles Jonathan Duffy Lei Qian Source Type: research

SARS-CoV-2 Poorly Replicates in Cells of the Human Blood-Brain Barrier Without Associated Deleterious Effects
Various neurological symptoms have been associated to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection including headache, fever, anosmia, ageusia, but also, encephalitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome and ischemic stroke. Responsible for the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 may access and affect the central nervous system (CNS) by several pathways such as axonal retrograde transport or through interaction with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier. Here, we explored the molecular and cellular effects of direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of human BBB c...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 27, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

COVID-19 associated with sensorimotor polyradiculoneuropathy and skin lesions: A case report
We reported a patient with COVID-19 (confirmed with Lung HRCT scan and positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR) who developed acute progressive flaccid tetraparesis and maculopapular pigmented plaques on the limbs, 2  weeks after respiratory symptoms.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - November 6, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Reza Boostani, Fariborz Reazai Talab, Naser Tayyebi Meibodi, Fariba Zemorshidi Source Type: research

A Case of Multiple Sclerosis —Like Relapsing Remitting Encephalomyelitis Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and a Review of the Published Literature
Complications involving the central nervous system (CNS) occur in 9–14% of patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including stroke-like episodes, demyelination, encephalitis, and nonspecific neurological symptoms. Here we report a case of multiple sclerosis (MS) like relapsing remitting encephalomyelitis following allogeneic HSCT, which did not respond to disease modifying therapies (DMTs) and “domino” autologous HSCT. A 53-year-old male was treated with allogeneic HSCT for lymphoid blast transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia. Ten months later he presented with confusion, s...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 4, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Assessment of pre-specified adverse events following varicella vaccine: A population-based self-controlled risk interval study.
CONCLUSIONS: We detected a small risk of incidental pneumonia associated with varicella vaccine in the 6th week after immunization. There was no increase in the risk of other pre-specified adverse events. PMID: 32046891 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - February 7, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Liu CH, Yeh YC, Huang WT, Chie WC, Chan KA Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Inflammatory responses in Multiple Sclerosis normal-appearing white matter and in non-immune mediated neurological conditions with wallerian axonal degeneration: A comparative study
This study is a systematic comparison of the principal features of the inflammatory-like changes in the WM in different pathological conditions characterized by axonal damage/degeneration, focusing in particular on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) compared to non immune-mediated disorders. The study was performed on sections of NAWM from 15 MS cases, 11 cases of non immune-mediated disorders with wallerian axonal degeneration (stroke, trauma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), 3 cases of viral encephalitis, 6 control cases.
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - September 8, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: M. Vercellino, C. Trebini, E. Capello, G.L. Mancardi, M.T. Giordana, P. Cavalla Source Type: research

A role for the complement alternative pathway in the pathology of multiple sclerosis grey matter lesions
In multiple sclerosis (MS), pathology of cortical and deep grey matter structures is predictive of a more rapid transit to the progressive phase and a more disabling disease. As all aspects of the complement system are activated in white matter (WM) lesions of progressive MS, we aim to understand the role of complement in the pathogenesis of grey matter (GM) lesions. We analysed the expression of classical (C1q, C4d), alternative (C3b–iC3b, Bb) and terminal (TCC) pathways of complement activation in post-mortem tissue from 22 progressive (13 SPMS, 9 male, median age at death 50years (38–66)); 8 inflammatory controls (v...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - October 15, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lewis M. Watkins, Samantha Loveless, James Neal, Mark I. Rees, Neil Robertson, Richard Reynolds, B. Paul Morgan, Owain W. Howell Tags: 324 Source Type: research

Safety of diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis and inactivated poliovirus (DTaP-IPV) vaccine.
CONCLUSIONS: In this safety surveillance study of more than 200,000 DTaP-IPV vaccine recipients, there was no evidence of increased risk for any of the pre-specified adverse events monitored. Continued surveillance of DTaP-IPV vaccine safety may be warranted to monitor for rare adverse events, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome. PMID: 24699471 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - March 31, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Daley MF, Yih WK, Glanz JM, Hambidge SJ, Narwaney KJ, Yin R, Li L, Nelson JC, Nordin JD, Klein NP, Jacobsen SJ, Weintraub E Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research