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Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 4953: Electrochemical Disposable Biosensor to Monitor Dabigatran in Point-of-Care Anticoagulation Therapy
riero Dabigatran etexilate, an oral prodrug, is often used to treat complications linked to thrombosis. Dabigatran (DAB, active form) does not need to be monitored. However, there are several conditions, such as reduced renal function, traumatic bleeding, emergency surgery, the need for thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke, or the requirement to use other forms of anticoagulation, where knowing the concentration of DAB in the blood is indispensable. Unfortunately, there are no convenient DAB-specific point-of-care tests available. To solve this problem, two disposable sensors were constructed and optimised in this work...
Source: Molecules - June 23, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Ashwin K. V. Mruthunjaya Ronald C. Chatelier Angel A. J. Torriero Tags: Article Source Type: research

Progress of thrombus formation and research on the structure-activity relationship for antithrombotic drugs
Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Dec 7;228:114035. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114035. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMany populations suffer from thrombotic disorders such as stroke, myocardial infarction, unstable angina and thromboembolic disease. Thrombus is one of the major threatening factors to human health and the prevalence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases induced by thrombus is growing worldwide, even some persons got rare and severe blood clots after receiving the AstraZeneca COVID vaccine unexpectedly. In terms of mechanism of thrombosis, antithrombotic drugs have been divided into three categories including anticoagulants...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - December 13, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xiaoan Li Tiantian Guo Qian Feng Tiantian Bai Lei Wu Yubo Liu Xu Zheng Jianzhong Jia Jin Pei Shaoping Wu Yiming Song Yongmin Zhang Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 3428: Recent Advances of Cell Membrane Coated Nanoparticles in Treating Cardiovascular Disorders
iwen Wang Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, causing approximately 17.9 million deaths annually, an estimated 31% of all deaths, according to the WHO. CVDs are essentially rooted in atherosclerosis and are clinically classified into coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disorders. Current clinical interventions include early diagnosis, the insertion of stents, and long-term preventive therapy. However, clinical diagnostic and therapeutic tools are subject to a number of limitations including, but not limited to, potential toxicity induced by contrast agents and une...
Source: Molecules - June 5, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chaojie Zhu Junkai Ma Zhiheng Ji Jie Shen Qiwen Wang Tags: Review Source Type: research

Statins in stroke.
Conclusion: Treatment with statins prevents ischemic stroke, especially in patients with high cardiovascular risk and established atherosclerotic disease. It seems that both lipid lowering and pleiotropic effects contribute to these effects. PMID: 31218948 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - June 18, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Aznaouridis K, Masoura C, Vlachopoulos C, Tousoulis D Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Cardiac troponin and adverse outcomes in atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: AF with cardiac troponin elevation was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality and MACEs. Therefore, determination of troponin should be considered for risk stratification in AF. PMID: 29198992 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - November 30, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fan Y, Zhao X, Li X, Li N, Hu X Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Apixaban: Effective And Safe In Preventing Thromboembolic Events In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation And Renal Failure.
Abstract Thromboembolic events, principally stroke, represent among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality of subjects with atrial fibrillation, with an incidence about 5 times higher compared to healthy subjects. Chronic kidney disease, frequently associated with atrial fibrillation, determines itself a further increase of thromboembolic events, bleeding and mortality. In addition, the presence of renal failure complicates the pharmacological management of these patients, mainly due to the side effects of antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant drugs with renal excretion, due to their accumulation. Apixaban is a ...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - August 17, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Cortese F, Scicchitano P, Gesualdo M, Ricci G, Carbonara S, Franchini C, Schiavone BIP, Corbo F, Ciccone MM Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Biomarkers associated with bleeding risk in the setting of atrial fibrillation.
Conclusions Biomarkers were introduced in clinical practice in order to better estimate the potential risk of haemorrhage in these patients and increase the prognostic impact of clinical risk scores. In the last years this concept is gaining significant importance. PMID: 28721832 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - July 18, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sideris S, Archontakis S, Latsios G, Lazaros G, Toutouzas K, Tsiamis E, Vavuranakis M, Vlachopoulos C, Gatzoulis K, Tsioufis K, Tousoulis D Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Application of Biomarkers for Risk Stratification in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Reviews
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia and an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several strategies have been proposed for prediction of outcomes and individualization of treatments to better balance the benefits of stroke prevention and risks of bleeding during anticoagulation. CONTENT: The availability of analytically more specific and sensitive methods to measure circulating biomarkers of cellular and organ stress and dysfunction has led to testing of their utility in several cardiovascular conditions. In patients with atrial fibrillation, biomarkers of myo...
Source: Clinical Chemistry - December 29, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hijazi, Z., Oldgren, J., Siegbahn, A., Wallentin, L. Tags: Proteomics and Protein Markers Reviews Source Type: research

Use of Pharmacogenetic Information in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease Reviews
BACKGROUND: In 1964, Robert A. O'Reilly's research group identified members of a family who required remarkably high warfarin doses (up to 145 mg/day, 20 times the average dose) to achieve appropriate anticoagulation. Since this time, pharmacogenetics has become a mainstay of cardiovascular science, and genetic variants have been implicated in several fundamental classes of medications used in cardiovascular medicine. CONTENT: In this review, we discuss genetic variants that affect drug response to 3 classes of cardiovascular drugs: statins, platelet P2Y12 inhibitors, and anticoagulants. These genetic variations have phar...
Source: Clinical Chemistry - December 29, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Friede, K., Li, J., Voora, D. Tags: Molecular Diagnostics and Genetics Reviews Source Type: research

Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Serum Levels Distinguish between Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Cerebral Ischemia in the Early Phase of Stroke Proteomics and Protein Markers
CONCLUSIONS: Serum GFAP was confirmed to be a biomarker indicating ICH in patients presenting with acute stroke symptoms. Very small ICH may be missed owing to less tissue destruction.
Source: Clinical Chemistry - December 29, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Luger, S., Witsch, J., Dietz, A., Hamann, G. F., Minnerup, J., Schneider, H., Sitzer, M., Wartenberg, K. E., Niessner, M., Foerch, C., for the BE FAST II and the IGNITE Study Groups Tags: General Clinical Chemistry Proteomics and Protein Markers Source Type: research

Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant drugs for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease.
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are disorders with increasing prevalence. The presence of CKD increases the risk of incident AF and vice versa, and the presence of AF may accelerate CKD progression. Nearly a third of patients with established CKD also have AF, whilst half of AF patients may have some degree of renal dysfunction. Both AF and CKD are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, including significantly increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism. Oral anticoagulant therapy (OAC), either with vitamin K antagonists or with non-vitamin K oral ant...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - February 10, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Potpara TS, Jokic V, Dagres N, Larsen TB, Lane DA, Hindricks G, Lip GY Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research

Thrombomodulin - a New Target for Treating Stroke at the Crossroad of Coagulation and Inflammation.
Abstract Thrombomodulin (TM) is a membrane protein mainly expressed by endothelial cells. It is part of the anticoagulant protein C system but recently several effects were discovered which occur independently of protein C activation. TM binds thrombin and promotes the cleavage of protein C and the thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), thereby inhibiting coagulation and fibrinolysis. Additionally, it interferes with inflammation, stabilizes barrier function, and increases blood flow under pathological conditions. Recombinant soluble TM protects against tissue damage and partially restores normal func...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - December 28, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Wenzel J, Assmann JC, Schwaninger M Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research