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Causes of Death in Anticoagulated Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
ConclusionsIn contemporary AF trials, most deaths were cardiac-related, whereas stroke and bleeding represented  only a small subset of deaths. Interventions beyond anticoagulation are needed to further reduce mortality in AF.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - December 5, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Thromboembolic, Bleeding, and Mortality  Risks of Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran in Asians With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
BackgroundIt is unclear whether the non –vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant agents rivaroxaban and dabigatran are superior to warfarin for efficacy and safety outcomes in Asians with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the risk for thromboembolic events, bleeding, and mortality associated with rivaroxaban and dabigatran versus warfarin in Asians with NVAF.MethodsA nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted of consecutive patients with NVAF taking rivaroxaban (n  = 3,916), dabigatran (n = 5,921), or warfarin (n = 5,251) using data collected from the Taiwan...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - September 20, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Stroke and Bleeding Risks in NOAC- and Warfarin-Treated Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Atrial Fibrillation
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) affects>600,000 patients in the United States, and approximately 1 in 5 of them have atrial fibrillation (AF) (1). The incidence of stroke in patients with HCM is markedly increased when complicated by AF, with an annualized risk of nearly 4% (2). AF is an indication for warfarin in nearly all patients with HCM (3,4). Non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) may be reasonable alternatives to warfarin, but there are no explicit data to support their use (3,4).
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - June 21, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Nonvitamin K Anticoagulant Agents in Patients With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease or on Dialysis With AF
Nonvitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulant agents (NOACs) are currently recommended for patients with atrial fibrillation at risk for stroke. As a group, NOACs significantly reduce stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality, with lower to similar major bleeding rates compared with warfarin. All NOACs are dependent on the kidney for elimination, such that patients with creatinine clearance 
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - June 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Ticagrelor for Prevention of Ischemic Events After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor on major cardiovascular (CV) events and major adverse limb events in patients with PAD and a prior MI.MethodsPEGASUS-TIMI 54 (Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Prior Heart Attack Using Ticagrelor Compared to Placebo on a Background of Aspirin—Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction 54) randomized 21,162 patients with prior MI (1 to 3 years) to ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily, ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily, or placebo, all on a background of low-dose aspirin. History of PAD was obtained at baseline. Occurrences of major adverse cardiovascular events (...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - June 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Reduction in Ischemic Events With Ticagrelor in Diabetic Patients With Prior Myocardial Infarction in PEGASUS–TIMI 54
ConclusionsIn patients with diabetes with prior MI, adding ticagrelor to aspirin significantly reduces the risk of recurrent ischemic events, including cardiovascular and coronary heart disease death. (Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Prior Heart Attack Using Ticagrelor Compared to Placebo on a Background of Aspirin [PEGASUS]; NCT01225562)
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - June 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Validation of BARC Bleeding Criteria in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes The TRACER Trial
This study sought to investigate the relationship between BARC-classified bleeding and mortality and compared its prognostic value against 2 validated bleeding scales: TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) and GUSTO (Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Arteries).MethodsWe analyzed bleeding in 12,944 patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation, with or without early invasive strategy. The main outcome measure was all-cause death.ResultsDuring follow-up (median: 502 days), noncoronary artery bypass graft (CABG) bleeding occurred in 1,998 (15.4%) patients according to BARC (grades 2, 3, or...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - May 3, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Initial Experience With Commercial Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair in the United States
ConclusionsIn this study of the initial commercial U.S. experience, it was found that procedural success was achieved in approximately 91% of patients, and the majority of patients were discharged home with moderate or less MR. These data support the effectiveness of this therapy in appropriately selected high-risk patients in a commercial setting. Further study is required to determine the long-term impact of transcatheter MV repair in this patient population.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - March 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk of Prior Coronary Stent Implantation Among Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery
ConclusionsThis study found that prior coronary stent implantation is an independent risk factor for MACCE and bleeding when time from stenting to NCS is 
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - March 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Bivalirudin Versus Heparin Anticoagulation in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement The Randomized BRAVO-3 Trial
BackgroundAnticoagulation is required during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures. Although an optimal regimen has not been determined, heparin is mainly used. Direct thrombin inhibition with bivalirudin may be an effective alternative to heparin as the procedural anticoagulant agent in this setting.ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to determine whether bivalirudin offers an alternative to heparin as the procedural anticoagulant agent in patients undergoing TAVR.MethodsA total of 802 patients with aortic stenosis were randomized to undergo transfemoral TAVR with bivalirudin versus unfractionated hepa...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - December 21, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Time to Cost-Effectiveness Following Stroke Reduction Strategies in AF Warfarin Versus NOACs Versus LAA Closure
ConclusionsBoth NOACs and LAAC with the Watchman device were cost-effective relative to warfarin, but LAAC was also found to be cost-effective and to offer better value relative to NOACs. The results of this analysis should be considered when formulating policy and practice guidelines for stroke prevention in AF.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - December 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Fully Magnetically Levitated Left Ventricular Assist System for Treating Advanced HF A Multicenter Study
ConclusionsThe results show that the fully magnetically levitated centrifugal-flow chronic LVAS is safe, with high 30-day and 6-month survival rates, a favorable adverse event profile, and improved quality of life and functional status. (HeartMate 3™ CE Mark Clinical Investigation Plan [HM3 CE Mark]; NCT02170363)
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - December 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Matching the NOAC to the Patient Remember the Modifiable Bleeding Risk Factors ∗
Approximately 5 years ago, when deciding on oral anticoagulation (OAC) for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF), we did not have a choice; only the vitamin K antagonists (VKA; e.g., warfarin) were available. In 2015, in addition to VKAs, we currently have 4 licensed non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs), and therefore have the opportunity to fit the most appropriate drug to the patient’s risk profile, and vice versa.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - November 23, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Treated With Rivaroxaban or Warfarin ROCKET AF Trial
ConclusionsIn the ROCKET AF trial, rivaroxaban increased GI bleeding compared with warfarin. The absolute fatality rate from GI bleeding was low and similar in both treatment arms. Our results further illustrate the need for minimizing modifiable risk factors for GI bleeding in patients on oral anticoagulation.
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - November 23, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Age, Ethnicity, and Stroke Risk in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Another Stitch in the Patchwork ∗
The frequency with which clinicians encounter patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and its association with ischemic stroke make estimation of the risk borne by individuals a daily issue in contemporary cardiology practice across the globe. In the balance lies the decision to employ long-term anticoagulation therapy with its attendant risk of severe bleeding. A variety of clinical risk scores are available to guide this decision, most prominently the CHA2DS2-VASc score, which cumulates the widely accepted, if unequally validated, clinical risk factors: heart failure (or impaired left ventricular function), hy...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - September 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

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