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Condition: Encephalitis

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Total 824 results found since Jan 2013.

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke (MELAS) presenting as an apparent neoplastic process (P5.015)
CONCLUSION: MELAS can mimic more common disorders. The slow onset of her symptoms and the MRI's appearance led to suspicion for neoplasm. This is the first report to our knowledge where MELAS has presented as such. Documentation of this and other unusual presentations of mitochondrial disease is crucial to appropriate diagnosis of the condition.Disclosure: Dr. Rothstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Haq has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Rothstein, A., Haq, I. Tags: Aging, Dementia, Cognitive, and Behavioral Neurology ePosters Source Type: research

Neurotoxocariasis, a treatable infectious etiology of Stroke (P3.318)
Conclusions:Toxocara infection is an uncommon but treatable etiology of stroke, and should be particularly considered in patients with eosinophilia, positive serology, myocarditis and embolic strokes.Disclosure: Dr. Garcia Monco has nothing to disclose. Dr. Azkune Calle has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ruisanchez nieva has nothing to disclose. Dr. Anguizola Tamayo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pardina Vilella has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bocos Portillo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gomez-Beldarrain has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Monco, J. G., Calle, I. A., nieva, A. R., Tamayo, D. A., Vilella, L. P., Portillo, J. B., Gomez-Beldarrain, M. Tags: Fungal and Parasitic Disease of the Nervous System Source Type: research

Therapeutic management of stroke-like episodes varies from that of encephalitis
Conclusions: SLLs are a frequent manifestation of MIDs. They undergo dynamic changes in the acute and chronic stage. They need to be differentiated from ischemic stroke as they are differentially treated.
Source: Medicine - February 1, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Economic Evaluation Study Source Type: research

Japanese encephalitis (JE) mimicking acute ischemic stroke: A case report
Conclusion: Diagnosis of JE that mimicked acute stroke at onset and with no fever can be challenging. Recognition of disease development, MRI and Japanese encephalitis virus immunoglobulinM findings are helpful in early definitive diagnosis.
Source: Medicine - November 6, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

COVID-19 Pathophysiology Predicts That Ischemic Stroke Occurrence Is an Expectation, Not an Exception —A Systematic Review
This study provides a comprehensive review of the pathobiology of COVID-19 and ischemic stroke. It also affirms that the immunological contribution to the pathophysiology of COVID-19 is predictive of the neurological sequelae particularly ischemic stroke, which makes it the expectation rather than the exception. This work is of fundamental significance to the neurorehabilitation community given the increasing number of COVID-related ischemic strokes, the current limited knowledge regarding the risk of reinfection, and recent reports of a PCNS. It further highlights the need for global collaboration and research into new pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Meningioma preceding CASPR2 antibody limbic encephalitis with a stroke mimic: A case report
We report a contactin-associated protein-like 2-antibody (CASPR2-Ab)-positive patient who presented with atypical LE. Diagnoses: CASPR2-Ab-positive LE was the presumed diagnosis. Re-evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples revealed autoantibodies targeting CASPR2 at an immunoglobulin G titer of 1:1. The clinical presentation of subacute onset seizures, abnormal electroencephalography, hypermetabolism on positron emission tomography, good immunotherapy response, and the presence of specific antibodies in serum supports a diagnosis of autoimmune LE. Intervention: The patient received glucocorticoids (1â€...
Source: Medicine - June 11, 2021 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Intraluminal carotid thrombosis and acute ischemic stroke associated with COVID-19
AbstractCOVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a diverse constellation of neurological manifestations that include encephalopathy, stroke, Guillain –Barré syndrome, myelitis, and encephalitis. Intraluminal carotid thrombi (ILT) are infrequent lesions seen in only 1.6% of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Underlying atherosclerosis is the most common lesion associated with ILT formation. However, with COVID-19, we have encountered ILT in p atients without significant atherosclerotic disease. The endothelial inflammation and hypercoagulable state associated with COVID-19 pose a risk of arterial an...
Source: Journal of Neurology - November 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

HSV-Encephalitis Resembling Acute Cerebral Infarction in a Patient With Atrial Fibrillation: Beware of Stroke Mimics
Conclusion: HSV-encephalitis might occasionally result in the development of unilateral brain MRI lesions with extensive cytotoxic edema, resembling an acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, HSV-encephalitis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke with atypical presentation. The presence of a significant dissociation between the brain MRI lesion volume and the neurological deficits, as well as certain brain MRI imaging discrepancies might serve as “red flags” to extend the diagnostic workup.
Source: The Neurologist - January 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report/Case Series Source Type: research

GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ANTIBODIES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES: Anti-AMPA-GluR3 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR1 antibodies, Anti-NMDA-NR2A/B antibodies, Anti-mGluR1 antibodies or Anti-mGluR5 antibodies are present in subpopulations of patients with either: Epilepsy, Encephalitis, Cerebellar Ataxia, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Neuropsychiatric SLE, Sjogren's syndrome, Schizophrenia, Mania or Stroke. These autoimmune anti-glutamate receptor antibodies can bind neurons in few brain regions, activate glutamate receptors, decrease glutamate receptor's expression, impair glutamate-induced signaling and function, activate Blood Brain Barrier endothelial cells, kill neurons, damage the brain, induce behavioral/psychiatric/cognitive abnormalities and Ataxia in animal models, and can be removed or silenced in some patients by immunotherapy.
Abstract Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the Central Nervous System (CNS), and it is crucially needed for numerous key neuronal functions. Yet, excess glutamate causes massive neuronal death and brain damage by excitotoxicity-detrimental over activation of glutamate receptors. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is the main pathological process taking place in many types of acute and chronic CNS diseases and injuries. In recent years, it became clear that not only excess glutamate can cause massive brain damage, but that several types of anti-glutamate receptor antibodies, that are present in ...
Source: Herpes - August 1, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Levite M Tags: J Neural Transm Source Type: research

Varicella-Zoster Vasculitis Presenting with Cerebellar Hemorrhage
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is known as one of the rare, but important, causes of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Most previously reported VZV-related hemorrhagic stroke and cerebral vasculitis are associated with anterior circulation because VZV spreads from trigeminal ganglia to the anterior circulation of Willis. The present study presents a patient with cerebellar hemorrhage, who was diagnosed with VZV encephalitis and vasculitis of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kazuya Matsuo, Yoichi Uozumi, Hirohito Miyamoto, Shotaro Tatsumi, Eiji Kohmura Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

A reversible stroke-like splenial lesion in viral encephalopathy.
CONCLUSION: Our case confirmed with previous findings that a reversible stroke-like splenial lesion could be seen in virus related encephalopathy and regarded as a good prognosis marker. Transient intramyelinic edema or inflammatory infiltrate is the possible mechanism and further studies enrolling more related cases will be needed to confirm our finding. PMID: 24030090 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica - December 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Acta Neurol Taiwan Source Type: research

Hashimoto encephalopathy presenting with stroke-like episodes in an adolescent female: a case report and literature review
Hashimoto encephalitis (HE) is a rare form of encephalopathy thought to be of autoimmune etiology. Cognitive changes and seizures are the most commonly reported presenting manifestation. Stroke-like episodes have been reported to occur during the disease process as well. To our knowledge we report the first know case of pediatric HE presenting with stroke-like symptoms.
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Brett R. Graham, Natalie Shiff, Munier Nour, Simona Hasal, Richard Huntsman, Salah Almubarak Tags: Topical Review Source Type: research

Misdiagnosis of CADASIL: A single Medical Center experience (P1.251)
Conclusions:CADASIL is the most prevalent monogenic cerebral small-vessel arteriopathy. Despite wide availability of genetic testing, misdiagnosis and delay diagnosis are common. We encourage for enhanced awareness of CADASIL among patients with migraines with aura, recurrent TIAs or subcortical ischemic strokes, and mood disorder, in order to provide appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, psychological support and genetic counselingStudy Supported by: n/aDisclosure: Dr. Ortiz-Garcia has nothing to disclose. Dr. Orjuela has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sweis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Biller has received personal compensat...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ortiz-Garcia, J., Orjuela, K., Sweis, R., Biller, J. Tags: Genetic Stroke Syndromes, Biomarkers, and Translational/Basic Research Source Type: research

Hemorrhagic stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis: rare neurological sequelae of chickenpox infection
Anuradha Mehta, Aanchal Arora, Manoj Sharma, Rupali Malik, Yogesh Chandra PorwalAnnals of Indian Academy of Neurology 2018 21(3):228-232 Chickenpox (varicella) is primarily a disease of childhood which occurs due to infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Primary VZV infection is rare in adults due to exposure in early childhood in our country. In adults, it is associated with some serious systemic and neurological complications which can follow both primary infection and reactivation of VZV. Neurological sequelae caused by primary VZV infection are rare and include encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, myelitis, acute c...
Source: Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology - September 4, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Anuradha Mehta Aanchal Arora Manoj Sharma Rupali Malik Yogesh Chandra Porwal Source Type: research

Multifocal Stroke Complicating Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
We describe here a preadolescent female, whose course of NMDARE was complicated by a unilateral stroke, resulting in permanent deficits. The imaging characteristics suggest a vascular (thrombotic) etiology. To our knowledge, th is is the first report of stroke in the setting of NMDARE.Case Rep Neurol 2020;12:210 –213
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - June 12, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research