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Nutrition: Glucosamine

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Total 17 results found since Jan 2013.

Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 1874: Berberine Ameliorates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Mediated Metabolism Disorder and Redox Homeostasis by Upregulating Clock Genes: Clock and Bmal1 Expressions
Shijian Quan Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases, which in turn triggers mild inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, fibrosis, and even cancer. Accumulating evidence has suggested that Berberine (BBR) could significantly improve MAFLD progression. Clock and Bmal1 as heterodimer proteins highly participated in the development of MAFLD, but whether BBR targets Clock and Bmal1 in MAFLD remains poorly understood. The result suggested that the protein levels of Clock and Bmal1 were decreased in MAFLD mice, which was negatively correlated with elevated reactive o...
Source: Molecules - February 16, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Cunsi Ye Yajing Zhang Shaomin Lin Yi Chen Zimiao Wang Haoyinghua Feng Guangqing Fang Shijian Quan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Non-canonical Interaction Between O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase and miR-146a-5p Aggravates High Glucose-Induced Endothelial Inflammation
Conclusion: A non-canonical positive feedback interaction between miR-146a-5p and OGT is involved in a vicious cycle to aggravate HG-induced vascular complications.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 30, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Shortening of telomere length by metabolic factors in diabetes: protective effects of fenofibrate.
Abstract People with diabetes mellitus have shorter telomeres compared with non-diabetic subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate an in-vitro model of telomere shortening under diabetes metabolic conditions. The mechanisms of the accelerated telomere length attrition and the potential telomere protective action of fenofibrate with related cellular mechanisms were also examined. Human dermal fibroblasts were passaged and cultured in normal (5.5 mM) or high (25 mM) D-glucose, across 7 days with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glucosamine (GA), or glycated albumin (AGEs-BSA). Relative telomere length (RTL) was...
Source: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling - June 14, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sutanto SSI, McLennan SV, Keech AC, Twigg SM Tags: J Cell Commun Signal Source Type: research

Systems Biology Approaches and Precision Oral Health: A Circadian Clock Perspective
Conclusion Most head and neck pathologies show a broad cellular heterogeneity making it difficult to achieve an accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment (Graf and Zavodszky, 2017; Lo Nigro et al., 2017). Single cell analysis of circadian omics (Lande-Diner et al., 2015; Abraham et al., 2018), may be a crucial tool needed in the future to fully understand the circadian control of head and neck diseases. It becomes more obvious that there is only a small genetic component but a largely unknown epigenetics and/or environmental component for most of the head and neck pathologies (Moosavi and Motevalizadeh Ardekani, 2016; He...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Glucosamine abrogates the stem cell factor  + endothelin-1-induced stimulation of melanogenesis via a deficiency in MITF expression due to the proteolytic degradation of CREB in human melanocytes
In this study, we characterized the molecular mechanism involved in the anti-melanogenic effects of GlcN using normal human melanocytes (NHMs) in culture. The SE-stimulated gene (12 h) and protein (24 h) expression levels of melanocyte-specific proteins (at the indicated times post-stimulation) were significantly abrogated by pretreatment with GlcN for 72 h. Western blotting analysis of the phosphorylation of intracellular signaling molecules in the MAPK pathway revealed that despite the significantly decreased level of total CREB protein at all times post-stimulat ion, the SE-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK, CREB and...
Source: Archives of Dermatological Research - October 1, 2018 Category: Dermatology Source Type: research

Catalpol ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes through acting on AMPK/NOX4/PI3K/AKT pathway
Publication date: Available online 25 December 2017 Source:Pharmacological Research Author(s): Jiting Yan, Changyuan Wang, Yue Jin, Qiang Meng, Qi Liu, Zhihao Liu, Kexin Liu, Huijun Sun Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance in target tissues and hyperglycemia. Catalpol is a natural product isolated from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa, which has been reported to produce the effect of anti-diabetes in recent reports. The goal of the current study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of catalpol on hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and elucidate the underlying cellular mechanisms. Type 2 di...
Source: Pharmacological Research - December 25, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Hexosamine biosynthesis in keratinocytes: roles of GFAT and GNPDA enzymes in the maintenance of UDP-GlcNAc content and hyaluronan synthesis
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) is a glucose metabolite with pivotal functions as a key substrate for the synthesis of glycoconjugates like hyaluronan, and as a metabolic sensor that controls cell functions through O-GlcNAc modification of intracellular proteins. However, little is known about the regulation of hexosamine biosynthesis that controls UDP-GlcNAc content. Four enzymes can catalyze the crucial starting point of the pathway, conversion of fructose-6-phosphate (Fru6P) to glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P): glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferases (GFAT1 and 2) and glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminases (GN...
Source: Glycobiology - August 7, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Oikari, S., Makkonen, K., Deen, A. J., Tyni, I., Kärnä, R., Tammi, R. H., Tammi, M. I. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research

The augmentation of O-GlcNAcylation reduces glyoxal-induced cell injury by attenuating oxidative stress in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells.
Abstract It has recently been reported that O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (a simple intracellular serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr)-linked monosaccharide) in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) is related to diabetic retinopathy (DR). During O-GlcNAcylation, O-GlcNAc is added to Ser and Thr residues. As the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the characteristics of advanced glycation end product (AGE) injury, and the most important key pathogenic factor of DR, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between O-GlcNAcylation and RO...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - August 20, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Liu GD, Xu C, Feng L, Wang F Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Proteomic Analysis Reveals PGAM1 Altering cis -9 , trans -11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Gland
In conclusion, our data suggested that PGAM1 may have a negative relationship with SCD1 and seemed to be involved in cis-9, trans-11 CLA synthesis by facilitating the absorption of trans-11 C18:1 in the bovine mammary gland.
Source: Lipids - March 29, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase and glycogen synthase kinase-3{alpha}/{beta} regulate foam cell formation Research Articles
This study investigated the potential role of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3α/β in proatherogenic ER stress signaling. Thp1-derived macrophages were treated with the ER stress-inducing agents, glucosamine, thapsigargin, or palmitate. Using small-molecule inhibitors of specific unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways, we found that protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), but not inositol requiring enzyme 1 or activating transcription factor 6, is required for the activation of GSK3α/β by ER stress. GSK3α/β inhibition or siRNA-directed knockdown attenuated ER stress-induced expre...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - October 29, 2014 Category: Lipidology Authors: McAlpine, C. S., Werstuck, G. H. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

Hyper-O-GlcNAcylation Inhibits the Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp 70) by Sodium Arsenite in HeLa Cells.
Abstract O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine-modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is a reversible, post-translational, and regulatory modification of nuclear, mitochondrial, and cytoplasmic proteins that is responsive to cellular stress. However, the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the induction of heat shock proteins (Hsps) by arsenite remains unclear. We used O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosylidene) amino N-phenyl carbamate (PUGNAc), an inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase, and glucosamine (GlcN), an enhancer of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, or O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) short interfering RNA (siRNA) to enhance or suppress cel...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - August 9, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Miura Y, Sato T, Sakurai Y, Sakai R, Hiraoka W, Endo T Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Proteasomal degradation of O-GlcNAc transferase elevates hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial inflammatory response
Conclusions 26S proteasome-mediated OGT reduction contributed to hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial inflammatory response. Modulation of OGT may represent a new approach to treat diseases characterized by hypoxic inflammation.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - June 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Liu, H., Wang, Z., Yu, S., Xu, J. Tags: Vascular biology Source Type: research

Glucosamine‐Induced Sp1 O‐GlcNAcylation Ameliorates Hypoxia‐Induced SGLT Dysfunction in Primary Cultured Renal Proximal Tubule Cells
The aim of this study is to determine whether GlcN could recover the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐induced dysfunction of Na+/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) in renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs) under hypoxia. With the rabbit model, the renal ischemia induced tubulointerstitial abnormalities and decreased SGLTs expression in tubular brush‐border, which were recovered by GlcN. Thus, the protective mechanism of GlcN against renal ischemia was being examined by using PTCs. Hypoxia decreased the level of protein O‐GlcNAc and the expression of O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) while increased O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) and these we...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - March 4, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Han Na Suh, Yu Jin Lee, Mi Ok Kim, Ho Jae Han Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Glucosamine attenuates cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation by inhibiting ROS-sensitive inflammatory signaling.
Abstract Cigarette smoking causes persistent lung inflammation that is mainly regulated by redox-sensitive pathways. We have reported that cigarette smoke (CS) activates a NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway leading to induction of lung inflammation. Glucosamine, a dietary supplement used to treat osteoarthritis, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether glucosamine has similar beneficial effects against CS-induced lung inflammation remains unclear. Using a murine model we show that chronic CS exposure for 4 ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 28, 2014 Category: Biology Authors: Wu YL, Lin AH, Chen CH, Huang WC, Wang HY, Liu MH, Lee TS, Kou YR Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research