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mTORC2 ‐AKT‐LAT1 signalling participates in methionine‐induced β‐CASEIN expression in mammary epithelial cells of dairy cows
This study investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-protein kinase B (AKT) signalling in methionine (Met)-induced L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression and milk protein production. Primary mammary epithelial cells (MECs) from mammary parenchymal tissues of three lactating cows and MAC-T bovine MECs were cultured with or without 0.6  mM Met. Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) siRNA, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin and the AKT activator SC79 were used to evaluate the effects of mTORC2-AKT signalling on Met-induced LAT1 expression and function. Each experiment wa...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - April 6, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiaoyu Duan, Chuanping Liu, Xiaoqing Gong, Yang Yang, Hongtao Jiao, Ye Lin, Xiaoming Hou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

mTORC2 ‐AKT‐LAT1 Signalling Participates in Methionine‐induced β‐CASEIN Expression in Mammary Epithelial Cells of Dairy Cows
This study investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-protein kinase B (AKT) signalling in methionine (Met)-induced L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression and milk protein production. Primary mammary epithelial cells (MECs) from mammary parenchymal tissues of 3 lactating cows and MAC-T bovine MECs were cultured with or without 0.6 mM Met. Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) siRNA, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin and the AKT activator SC79 were used to evaluate the effects of mTORC2-AKT signalling on Met-induced LAT1 expression and function. Each experiment was perfo...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 25, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiaoyu Duan, Chuanping Liu, Xiaoqing Gong, Yang Yang, Hongtao Jiao, Ye Lin, Xiaoming Hou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Genes, Vol. 13, Pages 1013: MAPK1 Is Regulated by LOC102188416/miR-143-3p Axis in Dairy Goat Mammary Epithelial Cells
In this study, Illumina/Solexa sequencing was performed to establish the lncRNA database in Laoshan dairy goats. Using the lncRNA database, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulated by miR-143-3p were screened. In total, 4899 lncRNAs were identified, with 173 lncRNAs being differentially expressed in all three replicates. The target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs were annotated in GO terms and KEGG pathways. Among the differentially expressed lncRNAs, lncRNA LOC102188416 was predicted to sponge miR-143-3p and share MAPK1 as a common target gene with miR-143-3p, which was validated by dual luciferase reporter a...
Source: Genes - June 3, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zhang Zhou Liu Ji Tags: Article Source Type: research

PITX2 regulates steroidogenesis in granulosa cells of dairy goat by the WNT/ β-catenin pathway
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2022 Mar 14:114027. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114027. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPaired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2), a major driver of multiple tissue development, is a transcription factor that regulates gene expression in organisms. However, it is unknown if PITX2 regulates goat granulosa cell (GC) steroidogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the role and mechanism of PITX2 in GC steroidogenesis. In our study, PITX2 significantly facilitated the secretion level of estrogen and progesterone through increasing CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and STAR mRNA and protein expressions in GCs. Further...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - March 18, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Qiqi Bu Shujuan Liu Zhanhang Wang Jiahao Zou Peijie Wang Heran Cao Dexian Li Binyun Cao Xiaopeng An Yuxuan Song Guang Li Source Type: research

Connecting Metabolism to Mastitis: Hyperketonemia Impaired Mammary Gland Defenses During a Streptococcus uberis Challenge in Dairy Cattle
β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has been associated with disease incidence in early lactation dairy cattle, but such associations do not demonstrate causation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of BHB during an intramammary Streptococcus uberis challenge. A secondary objective was to elucidate the mechanisms behind BHB effects on cytokine transcript abundance using the RAW 264.7 cell line. Late lactation multiparous dairy cows (n = 12) were continuously infused intravenously with either BHB to induce hyperketonemia (target concentration: 1.8 mM) or with saline (CON) for 72 h during a S. uberis int...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - June 29, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-216b inhibits heat stress-induced cell apoptosis by targeting Fas in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
Abstract Heat stress affects milk yield and quality in lactating dairy cows in summer. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) play a key role in milk secretion, and microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate numerous functions of bMEC. Previous reports have verified that miR-216b regulated cell apoptosis through repressing target genes in several cancer cells. So, our purpose was to explore the potential involvement of miR-216b in heat stress-induced cell apoptosis in bMECs. Firstly, the heat stress model was constructed and we found that apoptotic rates of bMECs significantly increased under heat stress. The expression of miR-...
Source: Cell Stress and Chaperones - May 5, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Cai M, Hu Y, Zheng T, He H, Xiao W, Liu B, Shi Y, Jia X, Chen S, Wang J, Lai S Tags: Cell Stress Chaperones Source Type: research

Scd1 contributes to lipid droplets formation in GMEC via transcriptional regulation of Tip47 and Adrp
In this study, a novel fluorescence reporter system was developed to confirm the expression of SCD1 protein in GMEC plasma. In addition, a mammalian expression vector (pCAG‐SCD1) and siRNA targeting Scd1 were constructed and confirmed to be efficient by qRT‐PCR. Notably, the amount and the size of LD varied with the alteration of Scd1. Furthermore, Scd1 induced the mRNA expression of genes involved in de novo FA synthesis, triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis, lipid droplets formation and milk fat lipolysis. In particular, changes in Scd1 led to a consistent change in LD formation‐associated genes (tail‐interacting p...
Source: European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology - October 1, 2017 Category: Lipidology Authors: Caifang Ren, Lizhong Wang, Yixuan Fan, Ruoxin Jia, Guomin Zhang, Mingtian Deng, Kaiping Deng, Feng Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

miR ‐182 selectively targets HOXA10 in goat endometrial epithelium cells in vitro
In conclusion, miR‐182 targeted HOXA10 selectively in EECs in vitro, and HOXA10 played an important role in maintaining the function of EECs in dairy goats.
Source: Reproduction in Domestic Animals - July 30, 2017 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: L Zhang, X ‐R Liu, J‐Z Liu, Y‐X Song, Z‐Q Zhou, B‐Y Cao Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research