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Recent advances on therapeutic potentials of gold and silver nanobiomaterials for human viral diseases
Curr Res Chem Biol. 2022;2:100021. doi: 10.1016/j.crchbi.2022.100021. Epub 2022 Feb 1.ABSTRACTViral diseases are prominent among the widely spread infections threatening human well-being. Real-life clinical successes of the few available therapeutics are challenged by pathogenic resistance and suboptimal delivery to target sites. Nanotechnology has aided the design of functionalised and non-functionalised Au and Ag nanobiomaterials through physical, chemical and biological (green synthesis) methods with improved antiviral efficacy and delivery. In this review, innovative designs as well as interesting antiviral activities ...
Source: Herpes - July 11, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo Ajibola Abdulahi Bakare Umar Muhammad Badeggi Akeem Adebayo Jimoh Amudat Lawal Mohd Nizam Mordi Source Type: research

Cinnamaldehyde induces autophagy-mediated cell death through ER stress and epigenetic modification in gastric cancer cells
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 May 12. doi: 10.1038/s41401-021-00672-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPrevious reports suggested that cinnamaldehyde (CA), the bioactive ingredient in Cinnamomum cassia, can suppress tumor growth, migratory, and invasive abilities. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of CA in GC are not completely understood. In the present study, we found that CA-induced ER stress and cell death via the PERK-CHOP axis and Ca2+ release in GC cells. Inhibition of ER stress using specific-siRNA blocked CA-induced cell death. Interestingly, CA treatment resulted in autophagic cell death by inducing Beclin-1, A...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - May 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tae Woo Kim Source Type: research

Cinnamaldehyde protects against oxidative stress and inhibits the TNF ‑α‑induced inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Cinnamaldehyde protects against oxidative stress and inhibits the TNF‑α‑induced inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int J Mol Med. 2020 Apr 16;: Authors: Kim NY, Trinh NT, Ahn SG, Kim SA Abstract Oxidative stress and inflammation play critical roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is a natural compound from Cinnamomum cassia, and its anticancer, antimicrobial and anti‑inflammatory activities have been widely investigated. In the present study, the cytoprotective and anti‑inflammatory effects of CA on H2O2‑ or tumor necrosis fac...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - April 15, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kim NY, Trinh NT, Ahn SG, Kim SA Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Enhanced glycolytic metabolism supports transmigration of brain-infiltrating macrophages in multiple sclerosis
The migration of leukocytes into the CNS drives the neuropathology of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is likely that this penetration utilizes energy resources that remain to be defined. Using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS, we determined that macrophages within the perivascular cuff of postcapillary venules are highly glycolytic, as manifested by strong expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), which converts pyruvate to lactate. These macrophages expressed prominent levels of monocarboxylate transporter-4 (MCT-4), which is specialized in the secretion of lactate from glycolytic cells. The...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - July 16, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Deepak Kumar Kaushik, Anindita Bhattacharya, Reza Mirzaei, Khalil S. Rawji, Younghee Ahn, Jong M. Rho, V. Wee Yong Source Type: research

Cinnamon and its Metabolite Protect the Nigrostriatum in a Mouse Model of Parkinson ’s Disease Via Astrocytic GDNF
This study underlines the importance of sodium benzoate (NaB), a metabolite of commonly-used spice cinnamon, a food-additive and an FDA-approved drug against hyperammonemia, in stimulating GDNF in primary mouse and human astrocytes. Presence of cAMP response element (CRE) in theGdnf gene promoter, recruitment of CREB to theGdnf promoter by NaB and abrogation of NaB-mediated GDNF expression by siRNA knockdown of CREB suggest that NaB induces the transcription ofGdnf via CREB. Finally, oral administration of NaB and cinnamon itself increased the level of GDNF in vivo in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of normal as ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Upregulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 in microglia by cinnamic acid.
This study delineates the importance of cinnamic acid for the upregulation of SOCS3 in microglia. Cinnamic acid upregulated the expression of SOCS3 mRNA and protein in mouse BV-2 microglial cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. Accordingly, cinnamic acid also increased the level of SOCS3 and suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Similar to BV-2 microglial cells, cinnamic acid also increased the expression of SOCS3 in primary mouse microglia and astrocytes. Presence of cAMP response element in the promo...
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - May 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Chakrabarti S, Jana M, Roy A, Pahan K Tags: Curr Alzheimer Res Source Type: research

Sodium Benzoate, a Metabolite of Cinnamon and a Food Additive, Upregulates Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes.
Abstract Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a promyelinating trophic factor that plays an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, mechanisms by which CNTF expression could be increased in the brain are poorly understood. Recently we have discovered anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of sodium benzoate (NaB), a metabolite of cinnamon and a widely-used food additive. Here, we delineate that NaB is also capable of increasing the mRNA and protein expression of CNTF in primary mouse astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and primary human astrocytes. Accordingly, oral administration of NaB and ci...
Source: Neurochemical Research - September 23, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Modi KK, Jana M, Mondal S, Pahan K Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research