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Human papillomavirus in the setting of immunodeficiency: Pathogenesis and the emergence of next-generation therapies to reduce the high associated cancer risk
Human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted virus infecting mucosal or cutaneous stratified epithelia, is implicated in the rising of associated cancers worldwide. While HPV infection can be cleared by an adequate immune response, immunocompromised individuals can develop persistent, treatment-refractory, and progressive disease. Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) associated with HPV-related disease include inborn errors of GATA, EVER1/2, and CXCR4 mutations, resulting in defective cellular function. People living with secondary immunodeficiency (e.g. solid-organ transplants recipients of immunosuppression) an...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Mucus-penetrating PEGylated polysuccinimide-based nanocarrier for intravaginal delivery of siRNA battling sexually transmitted infections
Publication date: Available online 29 July 2020Source: Colloids and Surfaces B: BiointerfacesAuthor(s): Sarah Currie, Seungil Kim, Xiaochen Gu, Xiaoou Ren, Francis Lin, Shangxi Liu, Chengbo Yang, Ji-Heung Kim, Song Liu
Source: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces - August 1, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Mucus-penetrating PEGylated polysuccinimide-based nanocarrier for intravaginal delivery of siRNA battling sexually transmitted infections.
Abstract Intravaginal delivery of siRNA for prevention of sexually transmitted infections faces obstacles such as the acidic environment and vaginal mucus barrier. To achieve effective protection and delivery of siRNA, we developed a polysuccinimide (PSI)-based nanocarrier (PSI-PEG-API-PMA, PPAP) by conjugating methoxy polyethylene glycol amine (Me-PEG-NH2, Mw 5000), 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole (API), and 1-pyrenemethylamine hydrochloride (PMA) to PSI. PPAP demonstrated a spherical self-assembled nanostructure before and after encapsulation of a model siRNA. Variable electrostatic interaction between API and siRNA ...
Source: Colloids and Surfaces - July 28, 2020 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Currie S, Kim S, Gu X, Ren X, Lin F, Liu S, Yang C, Kim JH, Liu S Tags: Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces Source Type: research

BLT1-mediated O-GlcNAcylation is required for NOX2-dependent migration, exocytotic degranulation and IL-8 release of human mast cell induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-secreted LTB4
Publication date: June–July 2018Source: Microbes and Infection, Volume 20, Issue 6Author(s): Arim Min, Young Ah Lee, Kyeong Ah Kim, Myeong Heon ShinAbstractTrichomonas vaginalis is a sexually-transmitted protozoan parasite that causes vaginitis and cervicitis. Although mast cell activation is important for provoking tissue inflammation during infection with parasites, information regarding the signaling mechanisms in mast cell activation and T. vaginalis infection is limited. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues that functions as a critical regulato...
Source: Microbes and Infection - July 10, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

SNAP23-Dependent Surface Translocation of Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) Receptor 1 Is Essential for NOX2-Mediated Exocytotic Degranulation in Human Mast Cells Induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-Secreted LTB4 Host Response and Inflammation
In this study, we found that SNAP23-dependent surface trafficking of LTB4 receptor 1 (BLT1) is required for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2)-mediated exocytotic degranulation of mast cells induced by TvSP. First, stimulation with TvSP induced exocytotic degranulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HMC-1 cells. Next, TvSP-induced ROS generation and exocytosis were strongly inhibited by transfection of BLT1 small interfering RNA (siRNA). TvSP induced trafficking of BLT1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. We also found that knockdown of SNAP23 abrogated TvSP-induced ROS gener...
Source: Infection and Immunity - December 28, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Min, A., Lee, Y. A., Kim, K. A., El-Benna, J., Shin, M. H. Tags: Host Response and Inflammation Source Type: research

Galectin-Protozoan Interactions in Subverting Immunity Molecular Bases of Disease
Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection caused by the vaginotropic extracellular protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. The infection is recurrent, with no lasting immunity, often asymptomatic, and linked to pregnancy complications and risk of viral infection. The molecular mechanisms of immune evasion by the parasite are poorly understood. We demonstrate that galectin-1 and -3 are expressed by the human cervical and vaginal epithelial cells and act as pathogen-recognition receptors for the ceramide phosphoinositol glycan core (CPI-GC) of the dominant surface protozoan lipophosphoglyca...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - January 8, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fichorova, R. N., Yamamoto, H. S., Fashemi, T., Foley, E., Ryan, S., Beatty, N., Dawood, H., Hayes, G. R., St-Pierre, G., Sato, S., Singh, B. N. Tags: Immunology Source Type: research

Chlamydia pneumoniae effector chlamydial outer protein N sequesters fructose bisphosphate aldolase A, providing a benefit to bacterial growth
Conclusions: We discovered that one of the C. pneumoniae CopN targets is the glycolytic enzyme aldolase A. Sequestering aldolase A may be beneficial to bacterial growth in infected host cells.
Source: BMC Microbiology - December 21, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kasumi IshidaJunji MatsuoYoshimasa YamamotoHiroyuki Yamaguchi Source Type: research

Silencing sexually transmitted infections: topical siRNA-based interventions for the prevention of HIV and HSV.
Authors: Wheeler LA Abstract The global impact of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is significant. The sexual transmission of viruses such as herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) and the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), has been especially difficult to control. To date, no effective vaccines have been developed to prevent the transmission of these STIs. Although antiretroviral drugs have been remarkably successful in treating the symptoms associated with these viral infections, the feasibility of their widespread use for prevention purposes may be more limited. Microbicides might provide an attract...
Source: Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology - November 18, 2014 Category: OBGYN Tags: Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research