• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Viruses, Vol. 14, Pages 1628: Inhibition of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Using Small Interfering RNAs
In this study, novel vsiRNAs that targeted conserved regions in the nonstructural and structural genes of the VEEV genome were designed and evaluated for antiviral activity in mammalian cells in the context of VEEV infection. The data demonstrate that vsiRNAs were able to effectively decrease the infectious virus titer at earlier time points post infection in the context of the attenuated TC-83 strain and the virulent Trinidad Donkey strain, while the inhibition was overcome at later time points. Depletion of Argonaute 2 protein (Ago2), the catalytic component of the RISC complex, negated the inhibitory effect of the vsiRN...
Source: Viruses - July 26, 2022 Category: Virology Authors: Amrita Haikerwal Michael D. Barrera Nishank Bhalla Weidong Zhou Niloufar Boghdeh Carol Anderson Farhang Alem Aarthi Narayanan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 13, Pages 288: Ubiquitin Ligase SMURF2 Interacts with Filovirus VP40 and Promotes Egress of VP40 VLPs
Ronald N. Harty Filoviruses Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) are devastating high-priority pathogens capable of causing explosive outbreaks with high human mortality rates. The matrix proteins of EBOV and MARV, as well as eVP40 and mVP40, respectively, are the key viral proteins that drive virus assembly and egress and can bud independently from cells in the form of virus-like particles (VLPs). The matrix proteins utilize proline-rich Late (L) domain motifs (e.g., PPxY) to hijack specific host proteins that contain WW domains, such as the HECT family E3 ligases, to facilitate the last step of virus–cell separation. We...
Source: Viruses - February 12, 2021 Category: Virology Authors: Ariel Shepley-McTaggart Michael Patrick Schwoerer Cari A. Sagum Mark T. Bedford Chaitanya K. Jaladanki Hao Fan Joel Cassel Ronald N. Harty Tags: Article Source Type: research

Gene Therapy Leaves a Vicious Cycle
Reena Goswami1, Gayatri Subramanian2, Liliya Silayeva1, Isabelle Newkirk1, Deborah Doctor1, Karan Chawla2, Saurabh Chattopadhyay2, Dhyan Chandra3, Nageswararao Chilukuri1 and Venkaiah Betapudi1,4* 1Neuroscience Branch, Research Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen, MD, United States 2Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States 3Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Clev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 23, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 372: Identification of RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 as Novel Cellular Interactors of the Ebola Virus Nucleoprotein
Patrick Reid Ebola virus (EBOV) is a filovirus that has become a global public health threat in recent years. EBOV is the causative agent of a severe, often fatal hemorrhagic fever. A productive viral infection relies on the successful recruitment of host factors for various stages of the viral life cycle. To date, several investigations have discovered specific host-pathogen interactions for various EBOV proteins. However, relatively little is known about the EBOV nucleoprotein (NP) with regard to host interactions. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate NP-host protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Affinity puri...
Source: Viruses - April 22, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: M. Jane Morwitzer Sarah R. Tritsch Lisa H. Cazares Michael D. Ward Jonathan E. Nuss Sina Bavari St Patrick Reid Tags: Article Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

A genome-wide siRNA screen identifies a druggable host pathway essential for the Ebola virus life cycle
ConclusionsThis study provides a minable data set for every human gene regarding its role in EBOV genome replication and transcription, shows that an FDA-approved drug targeting one of the identified pathways is highly efficacious in vitro, and demonstrates the power of life cycle modelling systems for conducting genome-wide host factor screens for BSL4 viruses.
Source: Genome Medicine - August 7, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

To accelerate the Zika beat: candidate design for RNA interference-based therapy.
Abstract Zika virus infection is associated with the development of severe neurological disorders in adults and newborns. Although at the moment Zika virus outbreak is not threatening to become again an emergency, infection cases are still being sporadically reported and there is still no effective therapy available. A possible treatment to suppress Zika replication is represented by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), since they have been successfully used even against Ebola, H5N1 and SARS viruses and clinical trials of siRNA-based drugs are ongoing. In order to speed up the time consuming experimental validation of...
Source: Virus Research - July 18, 2018 Category: Virology Authors: Giulietti M, Righetti A, Cianfruglia L, Šabanović B, Armeni T, Principato G, Piva F Tags: Virus Res Source Type: research

Viral infection: New tricks to treat Ebola
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 15, 675 (2016). doi:10.1038/nrd.2016.191 Author: Megan Cully Although there are currently no major outbreaks of Ebola, new ones are likely to emerge in the coming years. Ideally, treatments will be strain-adaptable. A new paper in Nature Microbiology demonstrates that a Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV)-targeting small interfering RNA (siRNA) can prevent death
Source: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery - September 28, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Megan Cully Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

ALIX Rescues Budding of a Double PTAP/PPEY L-Domain Deletion Mutant of Ebola VP40: A Role for ALIX in Ebola Virus Egress
Ebola (EBOV) is an enveloped, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the family Filoviridae that causes hemorrhagic fever syndromes with high-mortality rates. To date, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics to control EBOV infection and prevent transmission. Consequently, the need to better understand the mechanisms that regulate virus transmission is critical to developing countermeasures. The EBOV VP40 matrix protein plays a central role in late stages of virion assembly and egress, and independent expression of VP40 leads to the production of virus-like particles (VLPs) by a mechanism that accurately mimics buddi...
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - September 9, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Han, Z., Madara, J. J., Liu, Y., Liu, W., Ruthel, G., Freedman, B. D., Harty, R. N. Tags: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Source Type: research

SiRNA treatment cures Ebola in monkeys
Researchers perform the first successful trial for a drug against the current strain of Ebola
Source: Chemistry World | Latest News - April 23, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Tim Wogan Source Type: research

New Ebola treatment effective three days after infection
A post-exposure treatment that is effective against a specific strain of the Ebola virus that killed thousands of people in West Africa has been developed by researchers. The treatment uses a sequence specific short strand of RNA, known as siRNA, designed to target and interfere with the Ebola virus, rendering it harmless. One of the advantages of this approach is the ability to quickly modify it to different viral strains.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - April 22, 2015 Category: Science Source Type: news

Lipid nanoparticle siRNA treatment of Ebola-virus-Makona-infected nonhuman primates
n & Thomas W. Geisbert The current outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa is unprecedented, causing more cases and fatalities than all previous outbreaks combined, and has yet to be controlled. Several post-exposure interventions have been employed under compassionate use to treat patients repatriated to Europe and the United States. However, the in vivo efficacy of these interventions against the new outbreak strain of Ebola virus is unknown. Here we show that lipid-nanoparticle-encapsulated short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) rapidly adapted to target the Makona outbreak strain of Ebola virus are able to protect 100...
Source: Nature - April 22, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Emily P. ThiChad E. MireAmy C. H. LeeJoan B. GeisbertJoy Z. ZhouKrystle N. AgansNicholas M. SneadDaniel J. DeerTrisha R. BarnardKarla A. FentonIan MacLachlanThomas W. Geisbert Tags: Letter Source Type: research