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Total 17 results found since Jan 2013.

NRF2 Mediates Therapeutic Resistance to Chemoradiation in Colorectal Cancer through a Metabolic Switch
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Aug 28;10(9):1380. doi: 10.3390/antiox10091380.ABSTRACTRadiation resistance is a significant clinical problem in rectal cancer treatment, the mechanisms of which are poorly understood. NRF2 signalling is known to contribute to chemo/radioresistance in some cancers, but its role in therapeutic resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unexplored. Using siRNA and CRiSPR/Cas9 isogenic CRC cell lines, we investigated the effect of the knockdown and upregulation of the NRF2 pathway on chemo-radiosensitivity. Poly (A) enriched RNA sequencing and geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) were carried out on bot...
Source: Cell Research - September 28, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: S éan M O'Cathail Chieh-Hsi Wu Rachael Thomas Maria A Hawkins Tim S Maughan Annabelle Lewis Source Type: research

Effect of the ACY-1 gene on HER2 and TRAIL expression in rectal carcinoma
Exp Ther Med. 2021 Aug;22(2):817. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10249. Epub 2021 Jun 2.ABSTRACTThe incidence of rectal carcinoma (RC) is increasing and the age at onset of the disease is reducing. Therefore, elucidating the pathogenesis of RC is beneficial for early diagnosis and improving the prognosis. Aminoacylase-1 (ACY-1) is abnormally expressed in various malignant tumor tissues. Furthermore, the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) gene is involved in tumor metastasis and invasion, while tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces tumor cell apoptosis. The aim of the present study was ...
Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine - June 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zizhong Xu Yating Hu Zhaohui Yu Source Type: research

SiRNA targeting PFK1 inhibits proliferation and migration and enhances radiosensitivity by suppressing glycolysis in colorectal cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that high expression of PFK1 is negatively correlated with radiosensitivity in CRC and likely accelerates the proliferation and migration of CRC cells. Downregulation of PFK1 may enhance the radiosensitivity of CRC cells in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting glycolysis. PMID: 33042398 [PubMed]
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - October 13, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

The histone methyltransferase DOT1L is required for proper DNA damage response, DNA repair, and modulates chemotherapy responsiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we conclude that DOT1L plays an important role in an early DNA damage response and repair of DNA double-strand breaks via the HR pathway. Moreover, DOT1L inhibition leads to increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and PARP inhibition, which further highlights its potential clinical utility. Our results further suggest that H3K79me3 can be useful as a predictive and or prognostic marker for rectal cancer patients. PMID: 30616689 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clinical Colorectal Cancer - January 7, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kari V, Raul SK, Henck JM, Kitz J, Kramer F, Kosinsky RL, Übelmesser N, Mansour WY, Eggert J, Spitzner M, Najafova Z, Bastians H, Grade M, Gaedcke J, Wegwitz F, Johnsen SA Tags: Clin Epigenetics Source Type: research

Pretreatment TACC3 expression in locally advanced rectal cancer decreases the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
In this study, we investigated whether TACC3 could serve as a biomarker predictive of the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. In all, 152 rectal cancer patients with tumor tissue collected at biopsy and set aside before treatment were enrolled in this study. All patients received chemoradiotherapy and surgical resection. Immunohistochemically detected tumoral TACC3 expression significantly decreased sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy [risk ratio (RR) = 2.236, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.447-3.456; P = 0.001] and thus the pathological complete response rate (P = 0.001). TACC3 knockdown using specific siRNA enhanced radiotherap...
Source: Aging - October 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Ma WJ, Gu YK, Peng JH, Wang XC, Yue X, Pan ZZ, Chen G, Xu HN, Zhou ZG, Zhang RX Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor CIP2A indicates resistance to radiotherapy in rectal cancer
In conclusion, these results suggest that by contributing to radiosensitivity of cancer cells, low CIP2A protein expression level associates with a favorable response to long‐course (C)RT in rectal cancer patients. Low CIP2A protein expression level associates with a favorable response to long‐course chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients. Suppression of CIP2A transcription by siRNA sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to irradiation and decreases their survival in vitro.
Source: Cancer Medicine - February 14, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Eva ‐Maria Birkman, Adam Elzagheid, Terhi Jokilehto, Tuulia Avoranta, Eija Korkeila, Jarmo Kulmala, Kari Syrjänen, Jukka Westermarck, Jari Sundström Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

YAP Inhibits the Apoptosis and Migration of Human Rectal Cancer Cells via Suppression of JNK-Drp1-Mitochondrial Fission-HtrA2/Omi Pathways
Conclusion: Collectively, our results demonstrate that Hippo-Yap can serve as a tumor promoter in human rectal cancer and acts by restricting JNK/Drp1/mitochondrial fission/ HtrA2/Omi, with potential implications for new approaches to human rectal cancer therapy.Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:2073 –2089
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - December 14, 2017 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Chemoradiotherapy Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells is Mediated by Wnt/{beta}-catenin Signaling
Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a central role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. The Wnt-transcription factor, TCF7L2, is overexpressed in primary rectal cancers that are resistant to chemoradiotherapy and TCF7L2 mediates resistance to chemoradiotherapy. However, it is unclear whether the resistance is mediated by a TCF7L2 inherent mechanism or Wnt/β-catenin signaling in general. Here, inhibition of β-catenin by siRNAs or a small-molecule inhibitor (XAV-939) resulted in sensitization of colorectal cancer cells to chemoradiotherapy. To investigate the potential role of Wnt/&...
Source: Molecular Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Emons, G., Spitzner, M., Reineke, S., Möller, J., Auslander, N., Kramer, F., Hu, Y., Beissbarth, T., Wolff, H. A., Rave-Fränk, M., Hessmann, E., Gaedcke, J., Ghadimi, B. M., Johnsen, S. A., Ried, T., Grade, M. Tags: Cell Death and Survival Source Type: research

GSE97543 Wnt/ β-catenin signaling mediates resistance of colorectal cancer cells to chemoradiotherapy
Contributors : Georg Emons ; Melanie Spitzner ; Sebastian Reineke ; Janneke M öller ; Noam Auslander ; Frank Kramer ; Yue Hu ; Tim Beissbarth ; Hendrik A Wolff ; Margret Rave-Fränk ; Elisabeth Heßmann ; Jochen Gaedcke ; B M Ghadimi ; Steven A Johnsen ; Thomas Ried ; Marian GradeSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Homo sapiensActivation of Wnt/ β-catenin signaling plays a central role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, we demonstrated that the Wnt transcription factor, TCF7L2, was overexpressed in primary rectal cancers that were resistant to chemoradiotherapy (C...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - May 1, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

NOX2-ROS-HIF-1 α signaling is critical for the inhibitory effect of oleanolic acid on rectal cancer cell proliferation
Publication date: Available online 6 December 2016 Source:Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Author(s): Yongfeng Guo, Bing Han, Kongliang Luo, Zhijian Ren, Lei Cai, Li Sun Rectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the western countries and accounts for 10% incidence and mortality of cancer in the whole world. Drug resistance and severe toxicity severely limited the efficiency of chemotherapy of rectal cancer. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid and an aglycone of many saponins. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of OA on rectal cancer cell proliferation and its pos...
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - December 6, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

NOX2-ROS-HIF-1 α signaling is critical for the inhibitory effect of oleanolic acid on rectal cancer cell proliferation.
NOX2-ROS-HIF-1α signaling is critical for the inhibitory effect of oleanolic acid on rectal cancer cell proliferation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016 Dec 06;: Authors: Guo Y, Han B, Luo K, Ren Z, Cai L, Sun L Abstract Rectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the western countries and accounts for 10% incidence and mortality of cancer in the whole world. Drug resistance and severe toxicity severely limited the efficiency of chemotherapy of rectal cancer. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid and an aglycone of many saponins. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the ...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - December 5, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Guo Y, Han B, Luo K, Ren Z, Cai L, Sun L Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

Targeting the 19S proteasomal subunit, Rpt4, for the treatment of colon cancer.
Abstract Deregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway has been frequently observed in a number of malignancies. Using quantitative Western blotting of normal and matched tumour tissue, we here identified a significant increase in the 19S proteasome subunit Rpt4 in response to chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer patients with unfavourable outcome. We therefore explored the potential of Rpt4 reduction as a therapeutic strategy in colorectal cancer (CRC). Utilizing siRNA to down regulate Rpt4 expression, we show that silencing of Rpt4 reduced proteasomal activity and induced endoplasmic reticulum str...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - March 16, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Boland K, Flanagan L, McCawley N, Pabari R, Kay EW, McNamara DA, Murray F, Byrne AT, Ramtoola Z, Concannon CG, Prehn JH Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research