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Understanding the social and structural context of oral PrEP delivery: an ethnography exploring barriers and facilitators impacting transgender women who engage in street-based sex work in Baltimore, Maryland
AIDS Res Ther. 2023 Sep 20;20(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12981-023-00556-6.ABSTRACTTransgender women who sell sex (TWSS) experience high rates of HIV acquisition. Antiretrovirals for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) represent an efficacious HIV prevention strategy. The social and structural factors affecting PrEP delivery amongst TWSS are underexplored in the literature. We conducted ethnographic research to examine how multilevel social and structural factors manifest in TWSS's lived experiences and affect PrEP delivery and use. Twenty-four transgender women were recruited from the SAPPHIRE cohort and completed interviews focuse...
Source: AIDS Research and Therapy - September 20, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Erin E Cooney Katherine H A Footer Jennifer L Glick Anna Passaniti Meridian Howes Susan G Sherman Source Type: research

Modeling Antiretrovial Treatment to Mitigate HIV in the Brain: Impact of the Blood-Brain Barrier
In this study, we develop a mathematical model to examine the impact of the BBB on ART effectiveness for mitigating brain HIV. A thorough analysis of the model allowed us to fully characterize the global threshold dynamics with the viral clearance and persistence in the brain for the basic reproduction number less than unity and greater than unity, respectively. Our model showed that the BBB has a significant role in inhibiting the effect of ART within the brain despite the effective viral load suppression in the plasma. The level of impact, however, depends on factors such as the CNS Penetration Effectiveness (CPE) score,...
Source: Bulletin of Mathematical Biology - September 20, 2023 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Colin T Barker Feng-Bin Wang Naveen K Vaidya Source Type: research

Nigeria: First Lady Seeks Improved Advocacy On TB, HIV/Aids in Children
[Premium Times] Mrs Tinubu was one of the panellists who spoke on strategies to advance global health standards and investments towards effectively financing the eradication of tuberculosis.
Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs - September 20, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV-Aids and STDs Children and Youth Health and Medicine Nigeria West Africa Source Type: news

Sierra Leone: UNAIDS Appoints the First Lady of Sierra Leone As a Champion for Adolescent Girls and Young Women
[UNAIDS] New York/Geneva -- UNAIDS has named the First Lady of Sierra Leone, Fatima Maada Bio, as a UNAIDS champion for the empowerment and engagement of adolescent girls and young women in Sierra Leone. UNAIDS Executive Director, Winnie Byanyima, confirmed the appointment during a meeting with Mrs Maada Bio and her husband President Julius Maada Bio at the 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly taking place in New York.
Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs - September 20, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV-Aids and STDs External Relations Health and Medicine International Organizations and Africa Sierra Leone Sustainable Development West Africa Women and Gender Source Type: news

Notice of Early Expiration of "Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Opportunities for HIV Cure Interventions at the Time of ART Initiation", NOT-AI-22-072
Notice NOT-AI-23-062 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) - September 20, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: funding

Opportunities for HIV Cure Strategies at the Time of ART Initiation (R01 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
Funding Opportunity PAR-23-297 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) is to identify cure strategies suitable for administration at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and/or at cART restart after an analytical treatment interruption (ATI), with the ultimate goal of achieving sustained treatment-free remission.
Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) - September 20, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: funding

Opportunities for HIV Cure Strategies at the Time of ART Initiation (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
Funding Opportunity PAR-23-296 from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts. The purpose of this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) is to identify cure strategies suitable for administration at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and/or at cART restart after an analytical treatment interruption (ATI), with the ultimate goal of achieving sustained treatment-free remission.
Source: NIH Funding Opportunities (Notices, PA, RFA) - September 20, 2023 Category: Research Source Type: funding

Elucidating intimate partner violence rate disparities between same- and opposite-sex couples: a demographic approach - Hubbell JT.
Studies on intimate partner violence (IPV) rates typically find higher rates for same-sex couples than opposite-sex couples. Regardless of sexual orientation, the risk for IPV perpetration is concentrated among young adults. Given that the HIV/AIDS epidemi...
Source: SafetyLit - September 20, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Research Methods, Surveillance and Codes, Models Source Type: news

Clinical Trial of HIV Vaccine Begins in United States and South Africa
September 20, 2023 -- A trial of a preventive HIV vaccine candidate has begun enrollment in the United States and South Africa. The Phase 1 trial will evaluate a novel vaccine known as VIR-1388 for its safety and ability to induce an HIV-specific...
Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials - September 20, 2023 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: clinical trials

Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 1958: The Association between CCL5/RANTES SNPs and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection: A Meta-Analysis
This study suggests that there is an association between the increased expression of CCL5/RANTES and a lower risk of AIDS. Therefore, further studies are needed to arrive at a definitive conclusion, and these results may help establish scientific bases for effective HIV/AIDS control strategies.
Source: Viruses - September 20, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Marcos Jess é Abrahão Silva Rebecca Lobato Marinho Pabllo Antonny Silva dos Santos Carolynne Silva dos Santos Layana Rufino Ribeiro Yan Corr êa Rodrigues Karla Val éria Batista Lima Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research

Four months of tuberculosis (TB) treatment is non-inferior to the current 6-month treatment in drug-susceptible paediatric TB
Study design Design: An open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial. Allocation: 1:1 allocation, stratified by age, HIV status, treating centre and ethambutol use. Blinding: Single blinding of diagnosis and endpoint tuberculosis (TB) review committees. Study question Setting: Uganda, Zambia, South Africa and India. Patients: 1204 children (aged <16 years) with symptomatic, non-severe, smear-negative TB due to the start of first-line treatment. Intervention: 8 weeks of standard treatment as per local guidelines, followed by isoniazid/rifampicin for 16 weeks in the control arm, and 8 weeks in the intervention...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice - September 20, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Singhal, G., Friend, A. J. Tags: Picket Key publications in paediatrics: Picket Source Type: research

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Tuberculosis and HIV services in Ghana: An interrupted time series analysis
ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted TB case notifications and HIV testing and counselling services, However, ART initiation was generally not impacted during the first year of the pandemic. Proactive approaches aimed at actively finding the thousands of individuals with TB who were missed in 2020 and increasing HIV testing and counselling and subsequent treatment initiations should be prioritised.
Source: PLoS One - September 20, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Eric Osei Source Type: research

Factors associated with offer and uptake of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling among men attending healthcare facilities in Moshi Municipality, Northern Tanzania
This study aimed to determine the level of PITC uptake and factors associated with PITC availability and uptake among men attending healthcare facilities in Moshi Municipality, Northern Tanzania. MethodA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2019 in five selected healthcare facilities in Moshi Municipal, Kilimanjaro region. Exit interviews were conducted with men aged 18 years and above who attended for care in the selected facilities. Modified Poisson regression modelling with robust standard errors were used to determine factors independently associated with being offered and accepting the PITC offer...
Source: PLoS One - September 20, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Hellen Kyilyosudu Source Type: research

Psychosocial interventions and their effectiveness on quality of life among elderly persons living with HIV in Africa South of the Sahara: Systematic review and meta -analysis protocol
by Marijanatu Abdulai, David Owiredu, Isaac Boadu, Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong, Bismark Sarfo, Harriet Affran Bonful, Adolphina Addo- Lartey, Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo, Anthony Danso-Appiah BackgroundThe number of elderly people living with HIV (EPLHIV) has increased significantly as a result of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and this has brought about a variety of psychosocial challenges that have an impact on their quality of life (QoL). Various psychosocial interventions have been tried or implemented in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to improve QoL of EPLHIV. However, there is paucity of data on the types and effectiveness of these i...
Source: PLoS One - September 20, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Marijanatu Abdulai Source Type: research

Cis-meQTL for cocaine use-associated DNA methylation in an HIV-positive cohort show pleiotropic effects on multiple traits
Cocaine use (CU) is associated with psychiatric and medical diseases. Little is known about the mechanisms of CU-related comorbidities. Findings from preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that CU is ...
Source: BMC Genomics - September 20, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Youshu Cheng, Amy Justice, Zuoheng Wang, Boyang Li, Dana B. Hancock, Eric O. Johnson and Ke Xu Tags: Research Source Type: research

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