NABIS Abstracts 2022
No abstract available (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Research Letter: Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Disease Duration on Neuropsychological Functioning After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems Study
Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that longer duration of OSA (ie, time since diagnosis) has a negative impact on verbal memory in those with a history of hospitalized TBI. This finding extends the literature (which focused on the general population) on the cognitive impact of OSA and is consistent with hypothesized mechanisms such as hippocampal damage and secondary impact of fatigue. Findings suggest that early OSA identification and treatment may be prudent for persons with TBI. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Neuropsychological Performance and Functional Capacity Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans
Conclusions: Worse neuropsychological functioning was moderately associated with worse performance-based functional capacity, even when accounting for PTSD symptom severity. Verbal learning and memory was the primary neuropsychological domain driving the relationship with functional capacity; improvement in verbal learning and memory may translate into improved functional capacity. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Vocational Outcomes of Service Members and Veterans After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review
Conclusion: Community reintegration research among service members and veterans with brain injuries is underdeveloped. Because of heterogeneity of severity and smaller sample sizes, no consensus was reached on interventions that improve vocational outcomes. Evidence thus far suggests that future studies should incorporate an interdisciplinary team approach beyond physical therapy and occupational therapy, longer-term outcomes, and sample subgroups. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Characteristics of Responders and Nonresponders in a Military Postconcussion Rehabilitation Program
Conclusion: The results from this process improvement project suggested that posttraumatic symptoms warrant programmatic attention in TBI clinics while social relationships may be a protective factor that can be capitalized to enhance troop readiness. Systematic examination of these characteristics should be conducted on a larger population within the military health system. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Contextual Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Connectome: Differential Effects of Deployment- and Non–Deployment-Acquired Injuries
Objective: To identify differential effects of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurring in a deployment or nondeployment setting on the functional brain connectome. Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants: In total, 181 combat-exposed veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan (n = 74 with deployment-related mild TBI, average time since injury = 11.0 years, SD = 4.1). Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Main Measures: Mid-Atlantic MIRECC (Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center) Assessment of TBI, Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, co...
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Latent Neuropsychological Profiles to Discriminate Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Active-Duty Service Members
Conclusions: These results demonstrate both overlapping and heterogeneous symptom and performance profiles in military personnel with a history of mTBI, PTSD, and/or mTBI + PTSD. The overlapping profiles may underscore why these diagnoses are often difficult to diagnose and treat, but suggest that advanced statistical models may aid in identifying profiles representing symptom and cognitive performance impairments within patient groups and enable identification of more effective treatment targets. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Association Between Self-Reported Disability and Lifetime History of Traumatic Brain Injury With Loss of Consciousness Among Veterans and Nonveterans in North Carolina
Conclusions: Compared with nonveterans, veterans who reported a lifetime history of TBI had an increased risk of reporting a current disability. Future studies, such as longitudinal studies, may further explore this to inform the development of interventions. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Research Letter: Long-Term Outcomes Following Cognitive Rehabilitation for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A 5-Year Follow-Up of a Cohort From the SCORE Randomized Clinical Trial
Conclusion: In this sample of military personnel, postconcussive symptoms and psychological distress significantly improved from posttreatment to 5 years after cognitive rehabilitation, regardless of treatment arm. Functional cognitive/behavioral symptoms significantly improved with treatment while treatment gains were maintained at the 5-year follow-up. Replication of these results with a larger sample and interim data between 18 weeks and 5 years post-treatment is needed. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

A Comparison of Generalized and Individualized Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy in a Military TBI Sample
Objective: To compare clinical outcomes between active duty service members receiving generalized versus individualized vestibular rehabilitation treatment (GVRT and IVRT, respectively) for persistent vestibular-related symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Setting: An outpatient TBI rehabilitation clinic. Participants: Fifty-seven participants with persistent vestibular-related symptoms following mTBI were randomly assigned to the GVRT (n = 28) or IVRT (n = 29) group, stratified by dizziness-related impairment severity. Forty-two participants (n = 21 per group) completed the posttreatmen...
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Overground and Virtual Reality Gait Speed Are Associated With Atypical Symptom Reporting in Active Duty Service Members With a History of Mild to Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury
We examined rates of Symptom Validity Test (SVT) failure in active duty military service members with a history of mild-moderate TBI and its impact on gait speed. Setting: Intensive Outpatient Program at the National Intrepid Center of Excellence at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Participants: Participants were 84 active duty service members with a history of mild-moderate TBI classified as SVT pass (n = 49) or SVT fail (n = 35). Design: Retrospective study. Main Measures: Overground preferred and fast walking speed as well as Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) g...
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Traumatic Brain Injury Classification Variability During the Afghanistan/Iraq Conflicts: Surveillance, Clinical, Research, and Policy Implications
Conclusion: We encourage the field to reflect on decisions made pertaining to TBI case ascertainment during the height of the conflicts. Efforts focused on achieving consensus regarding TBI case ascertainment are recommended. Doing so will allow the field to be better prepared for future conflicts, and improve surveillance, screening, and diagnosis in noncombat settings, as well as our ability to understand the long-term effects of TBI. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Longitudinal Patterns of Alcohol Use Following Traumatic Brain Injury in an Active Duty and Young Veteran Military Sample: A VA TBI Model Systems Study
Conclusions: The current study identified longitudinal alcohol use among a young, military/veteran cohort with a history of TBI, an at-risk population for problematic alcohol use. Patterns of self-reported alcohol consumption suggest the time frame of 2 to 5 years postinjury may be a critical window of opportunity for further intervention to maintain lowered levels of alcohol use, particularly among SVMs with moderate-to-severe TBI. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Is Traumatic Brain Injury Severity in Service Members and Veterans Related to Health-Related Quality of Life in Their Caregivers?
Conclusion: Intimate partner caregivers of an SM/V following a remote uncomplicated MTBI reported worse HRQOL than intimate partners and parent caregivers of an SM/V following a more severe TBI, mostly likely due to SM/V physical and mental health comorbidities. Interventions that focus on the SM/V's TBI and other comorbidities, the caregiver's behavioral health problems, and the relationship and family factors that interact with each other will likely have the most success in improving individual and family outcomes for military families. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Family Needs After Traumatic Brain Injury: A VA TBI Model Systems Study
Conclusions: The current findings can be used to inform policy and programming for VA and Department of Defense to proactively address the specific needs of families and caregivers experienced in the first 5 years post-TBI. (Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation)
Source: The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation - November 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research