“Is It Realistic?”: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Elite Women Athletes Considering Parenthood
ConclusionThis research is grounded in the voices of elite women athletes and identifies actionable steps necessary for research and culture change. Findings provide necessary evidence to inform the development of sport policies to support those athletes that are considering becoming parents. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - April 14, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Injury in Starting and Replacement Players from Five Professional Men ’s Rugby Unions
ConclusionThis study demonstrated a lower injury incidence in replacement players compared with starters in the second half of matches, with a higher injury burden for replacement players due to higher mean injury severity. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Physical Activity and Cognitive Performance in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
ConclusionsAlthough further research is warranted, our findings suggest that PA interventions may improve cognitive performance in early childhood, particularly in the domains of attention, inhibition, working memory, cognitive flexibility and vocabulary. These findings might support the implementation of PA interventions from early childhood.PROSPERO RegistrationCRD42021249319. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - April 10, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
DNA Methylation in the Adaptive Response to Exercise
AbstractEmerging evidence published over the past decade has highlighted the role of DNA methylation in skeletal muscle function and health, including as an epigenetic transducer of the adaptive response to exercise. In this review, we aim to synthesize the latest findings in this field to highlight: (1) the shifting understanding of the genomic localization of altered DNA methylation in response to acute and chronic aerobic and resistance exercise in skeletal muscle (e.g., promoter, gene bodies, enhancers, intergenic regions, un-annotated regions, and genome-wide methylation); (2) how these global/regional methylation cha...
Source: Sports Medicine - April 2, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Glycaemic Effects of a 156-km Ultra-trail Race in Athletes: An Observational Field Study
ConclusionUltra-endurance athletes were exposed to hyperglycaemia during the 48-h post-race period, possibly linked to muscle damage and inflammation. Strategies to mitigate muscle damage or subsequent inflammation before or after ultra-trail races could limit recovery hyperglycaemia and hence its related adverse health consequences.Trial Registration NumberNCT05538442 2022 –09-21 retrospectively registered.Graphical abstract (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - March 30, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Time to Reflect on Return to Sport Timing Following ACL Reconstruction
AbstractThe time of return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a commonly discussed topic within clinical settings and the sports medicine literature. Emerging science has demonstrated protective effects of delaying the time of sport clearance on athlete reinjury. Though a single time cutoff is unlikely to be applicable for all athletes, large inconsistencies in the time of return to sport clearance are present in both the literature and within prescribed clinical protocols. A multitude of patient factors, such as perceived function, objective function, confidence, post-operative goals,...
Source: Sports Medicine - March 30, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Differences in Injury Profiles Between Female and Male Athletes Across the Participant Classification Framework: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsFemale sex was a key determinant of sports-related injuries beyond ACL injury including foot/ankle injury, bone stress injury and sports-related concussion. Male sex was a key determinant of hip/groin, hamstring injury and upper limb injury.Trial RegistryPROSPERO registration number: CRD42017058806 (last updated on 7th June 2023). (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - March 27, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Exercise-Regulated Mitochondrial and Nuclear Signalling Networks in Skeletal Muscle
AbstractExercise perturbs energy homeostasis in skeletal muscle and engages integrated cellular signalling networks to help meet the contraction-induced increases in skeletal muscle energy and oxygen demand. Investigating exercise-associated perturbations in skeletal muscle signalling networks has uncovered novel mechanisms by which exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes whole-body health and fitness. While acute exercise regulates a complex network of protein post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylation) in skeletal muscle, previous investigations of exercise signalling in huma...
Source: Sports Medicine - March 25, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Resistance Exercise Minimal Dose Strategies for Increasing Muscle Strength in the General Population: an Overview
AbstractMany individuals do not participate in resistance exercise, with perceived lack of time being a key barrier. Minimal dose strategies, which generally reduce weekly exercise volumes to less than recommended guidelines, might improve muscle strength with minimal time investment. However, minimal dose strategies and their effects on muscle strength are still unclear. Here our aims are to define and characterize minimal dose resistance exercise strategies and summarize their effects on muscle strength in individuals who are not currently engaged in resistance exercise. The minimal dose strategies overviewed were: “...
Source: Sports Medicine - March 20, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Athletic Injury Research: Frameworks, Models and the Need for Causal Knowledge
AbstractWithin applied sports science and medicine research, many challenges hinder the establishment and detailed understanding of athletic injury causality as well as the development and implementation of appropriate athletic injury prevention strategies. Applied research efforts are faced with a lack of variable control, while the capacity to compensate for this lack of control through the application of randomised controlled trials is often confronted by a number of obstacles relating to ethical or practical constraints. Such difficulties have led to a large reliance upon observational research to guide applied practic...
Source: Sports Medicine - March 20, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
When to Pull the Trigger: Conceptual Considerations for Approximating Head Acceleration Events Using Instrumented Mouthguards
This article explores the technical limitations of iMGs that constrain the approximation of HAEs and discusses important conceptual considerations for stakeholders interpreting iMG data. The approximation of HAEs by sensor acceleration events is constrained by false positives and false negatives. False positives occur when a sensor acceleration event is recorded despite no (in vivo) HAE occurring, while false negatives occur when a sensor acceleration event is not recorded after an (in vivo) HAE has occurred. Various mechanisms contribute to false positives and false negatives. Video verification and post-processing algori...
Source: Sports Medicine - March 9, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
What We Do Not Know About Stretching in Healthy Athletes: A Scoping Review with Evidence Gap Map from 300 Trials
ConclusionsThere is room for improvement, with many areas of research on stretching being underexplored and others currently too heterogeneous for reliable comparisons between studies. There is limited representation of elite-level athletes (~ 5% tier 4 and no tier 5) and underpowered sample sizes (≤ 20 participants). Research was biased toward adult male athletes of sports not requiring extreme ranges of motion, and mostly assessed the acute effects of static active stretching and dynamic stretching during the warm-up. Dose–resp onse relationships remain largely underexplored. Outcomes were mostly limited to gene...
Source: Sports Medicine - March 8, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
The Relationship Between Running Biomechanics and Running Economy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
ConclusionsRunning biomechanics can explain 4 –12% of the between-individual variation in RE when considered in isolation, with this magnitude potentially increasing when combining different variables. Implications for athletes, coaches, wearable technology, and researchers are discussed in the review.Protocol registrationhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/293ND (OpenScience Framework). (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - March 6, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Joining the Conversation on a Corresponsive Sport Science
(Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - March 6, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
Associations Between Physical Characteristics and Golf Clubhead Speed: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsThe findings from this meta-analysis highlight a range of physical characteristics are associated with CHS. Whilst significant associations ranged from trivial to large, noteworthy information is that jump impulse produced the strongest association, upper body explosive strength showed noticeably larger associations than upper body strength, and flexibility was not significant. These findings can be used to ensure practitioners prioritise appropriate fitness testing protocols for golfers. (Source: Sports Medicine)
Source: Sports Medicine - February 29, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research
