Neurological Care of Refugees and Other Forcibly Displaced Persons
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782495There are more than 100 million forcibly displaced persons (FDPs) in the world today, including a high number of people who experience neurologic symptoms and presentations. This review summarizes the conceptual frameworks for understanding neurological health risks and conditions across the migration journey (premigration, migration journey, and postmigration) and life span, including special attention to pediatric FDPs. The interaction with psychiatric illness is discussed, as well as the available published data on neurologic presentations in FDPs in the medical literature. A soci...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Saadi, Altaf Prabhu, Meha Snyder, Sara A. Daboul, Lynn Mateen, Farrah J. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Neurological Care within the Indian Health Service
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782517American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) are the Indigenous peoples of the United States. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, approximately 9.7 million people self-identified as AI/AN (alone or in combination with other races), representing 2.9% of the total U.S. population. These people represent diverse groups of discrete Tribes, each with their language, culture, and geographic home. As part of the conquest and settlement of North America, some Indigenous peoples signed treaties with the U.S. government, surrendering their lands in return for various government commitments, in...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Parko, Karen Stitzer, Michael Trimble, Brian Christensen, Loretta Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Underrepresented and Underserved Populations in Neurological Research
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782516Underserved and underrepresented populations have historically been excluded from neurological research. This lack of representation has implications for translation of research findings into clinical practice given the impact of social determinants of health on neurological disease risk, progression, and outcomes. Lack of inclusion in research is driven by individual-, investigator-, and study-level barriers as well as larger systemic injustices (e.g., structural racism, discriminatory practices). Although strategies to increase inclusion of underserved and underrepresented populati...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Windon, Charles C. Jackson, Ashley J. Aguirre, Gloria A. Tucker, Miwa Amuiri, Alinda Hill-Jarrett, Tanisha Chen, Miranda Pina Escuedro, Stefanie D. Lieu, Kevin Lopez, Lucia Mei, Diana Tee, Boon Lead Watson, Caitlin W. Agwu, Chidera Kramer, Joel Lanata, Se Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Neurological Health in Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778637Despite representing a significant proportion of the U.S. population, there is a paucity of population-based research on the health status and health needs of sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals in neurology. Compared with heterosexual peers, some SGM populations have a higher burden of chronic health conditions. In parallel, SGM individuals are more likely to experience stigma and discrimination producing psychological distress, which may contribute to and be compounded by reduced health care access and utilization. In this narrative review, we summarize the existing litera...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Simmasalam, Rubinee Zuniga, Mary C. Hinson, H.E. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Developing Systems of Emergency and Inpatient Neurologic Care in Resource-Limited Settings
This article explores strategies to enhance global capacity for inpatient neurologic care, emphasizing the importance of workforce development, context-specific protocols, telehealth solutions, advocacy efforts, and collaborations. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Shrestha, Gentle Sunder Nepal, Gaurav Prust, Morgan Lippitt Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Neurological Care in the United States
This article reviews the most current literature on racial and ethnic disparities in commonly encountered neurological conditions, including Stroke, Alzheimer's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Epilepsy, Parkinson's Disease, and Migraine. Disparities exist in disease incidence, diagnosis, access to care, treatment, outcomes, and representation in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials. Many of the disparities observed in neurological care in the United States are a consequence of longstanding racist and discriminatory policies and legislation that increase risk factors for the development of neurological disease or lead to ...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Perez, Michael A. Reyes-Esteves, Sahily Mendizabal, Adys Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Neurological Practice in the Time of War: Perspectives and Experiences from Ukraine
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782515The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine has significantly impacted the country's healthcare system. Insufficient infrastructure, destruction of medical facilities, and barriers to prevention and treatment efforts hinder the provision of timely, high-quality care to our patients. We aim to describe the impact of the war on neurological care across Ukraine. In this article, leading national experts in stroke, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and movement disorders describe their personal experience and efforts in organizing and providing care since the war started in February 2022. A n...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Flomin, Yuriy Dubenko, Andriy Dubenko, Olga Sokolova, Larysa Slobodin, Tatyana Shepotinnyk, Yevhen Guliaieva, Maryna Pezzella, Francesca Romana Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Building Equitable Neuroscience Research Collaborations in Resource-limited Settings
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778640The burden of noncommunicable neurological disorders, such as stroke, dementia, and headache disorders, are on the rise in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs), while neuroinfectious diseases remain a major concern. The development of neuroscience research aimed at defining the burden of neurological diseases across the lifespan, as well as optimizing diagnosis and treatment strategies, is fundamental to improving neurological health in resource-limited settings. One of the key factors to advancing neuroscience research in LMICs is the establishment of effective collaborations bas...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - March 14, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Asukile, Melody T. Zunt, Joseph R. Thakur, Kiran T. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Updates in the Management of Paraneoplastic Syndrome
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777353Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are defined as remote neurologic immune-mediated effects triggered by underlying systemic tumors. While recognizing specific syndromes can aid early cancer detection, overutilization of paraneoplastic assays in the absence of a classic syndrome can precipitate overdiagnosis and overtreatment. PNS involve autoantibodies targeting intracellular or extracellular antigens, with variable immunotherapy responses based on antigen type. Diagnosing PNS is challenging, requiring exclusion of other differential diagnoses. New diagnostic criteria class...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - January 6, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Verma, Neha Jaffer, Muhammad H. Kolli, Avinash S. Mokhtari, Sepideh Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Neurologic Complications in Adult Cancer Survivorship
This article describes the long-term neurologic complications cancer survivors commonly experience to increase awareness of these complications and discuss treatments when available. Further research is necessary to understanding of mechanisms of neurologic injury and advance diagnosis and treatment. Effective patient education, monitoring, and managing neurologic issues after cancer treatment may improve independence, functionality, and quality of life during survivorship. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abs...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - January 6, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: McGranahan, Tresa Michelle Figuracion, Karl Cristie Goldberg, Myron Sheppard, David P. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Headache Management in Individuals with Brain Tumor
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777423Headache occurs commonly in individuals diagnosed with cerebral neoplasm. Though the features of a brain tumor-associated headache may vary, a progressive nature of headache and a change in headache phenotype from a prior primary headache disorder often are identified. Pathophysiologic mechanisms proposed for headache associated with brain tumor include headache related to traction on pain-sensitive structures, activation of central and peripheral pain processes, and complications from surgical, chemotherapeutic and/or radiotherapy treatment(s). Optimization of headache management is...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - January 6, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Cuneo, Ami Murinova, Natalia Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Management of Neurologic Complications in Patients with Brain and Spine Tumors
We describe the signs and symptoms that should prompt concern for metastatic spinal cord compression, as well as both acute and definitive treatment options. Finally, we discuss the underappreciated incidence of venous thromboembolic events, particularly in patients with gliomas, and review the data on management. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Neurology)
Source: Seminars in Neurology - January 4, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: V. Bonm, Alipi Taylor, Lynne P. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Palliative Care in Neuro-Oncology
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777703Historically, the practice of neurology as an independent subspecialty from internal medicine began in Europe and the United States in the 1930s. The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) was founded 75 years ago in 1948, solidifying its emergence as a stand-alone discipline of medicine. In 1967, St. Christopher's Hospice, the first free standing hospice home, was opened in London by Dame Cicely Saunders. Dame Saunders is considered a pioneer in the development of the hospice movement, and she embodies the importance of the multi-disciplinary team in the care of the patient, as she beg...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - January 4, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Besbris, Jessica M. Taylor, Lynne P. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Evolving Barriers to Clinical Trial Enrollment and Clinical Care in Neuro-oncology in the Face of COVID-19
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777421The lack of treatments with durable response in neuro-oncology highlights the critical need for clinical trials to advance patient care. The intersection of relatively low incidence, evolving classification schema, and entrenched community, healthcare provider, and organizational factors have been historic challenges against successful trial enrollment and implementation. The additional need for multidisciplinary, often tertiary-level care, further magnifies latent national and international health inequities with rural and under-served populations. The COVID-19 pandemic both unveile...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - December 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Grandhi, Nikhil Zhou, Alice Y. Johnson, Margaret O. Butt, Omar H. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Cancer Predisposition Syndromes in Neuro-Oncology
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777702Although most primary central and peripheral nervous system (NS) tumors occur sporadically, there are a subset that may arise in the context of a cancer predisposition syndrome. These syndromes occur due to a pathogenic mutation in a gene that normally functions as a tumor suppressor. With increased understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these tumors, more people have been identified with a cancer predisposition syndrome. Identification is crucial, as this informs surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment options. Moreover, relatives can also be identified through genetic testin...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - December 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Na, Brian Shah, Shilp Nghiemphu, Phioanh Leia Tags: Review Article Source Type: research