Hemodynamic Mechanisms Initiating Salt-Sensitive Hypertension in Rat Model of Primary Aldosteronism
Physiol Res. 2024 Apr 18. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFew studies have investigated the hemodynamic mechanism whereby primary hyperaldosteronism causes hypertension. The traditional view holds that hyperaldosteronism initiates hypertension by amplifying salt-dependent increases in cardiac output (CO) by promoting increases in sodium retention and blood volume. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) is said to increase only as a secondary consequence of the increased CO and blood pressure. Recently, we investigated the primary hemodynamic mechanism whereby hyperaldosteronism promotes salt sensitivity and initiation of salt-de...
Source: Physiological Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: M Pravenec P Mlejnek M Šimáková J Šilhavý Source Type: research
Epitranscriptomic Regulations in the Heart
Physiol Res. 2024 Apr 18. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRNA modifications affect key stages of the RNA life cycle, including splicing, export, decay, and translation. Epitranscriptomic regulations therefore significantly influence cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Here, we selected some of the most abundant modifications and reviewed their roles in the heart and in cardiovascular diseases: N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), pseudouridine (?), 5 methylcytidine (m5C), and inosine (I). Dysregulation of epitranscriptomic machinery affecting these modifications vastly ch...
Source: Physiological Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: D Benak F Kolar M Hlavackova Source Type: research
Muscarinic Receptors in Cardioprotection and Vascular Tone Regulation
Physiol Res. 2024 Apr 18. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMuscarinic acetylcholine receptors are metabotropic G-protein coupled receptors. Muscarinic receptors in the cardiovascular system play a central role in its regulation. Particularly M2 receptors slow down the heart rate by reducing the impulse conductivity through the atrioventricular node. In general, activation of muscarinic receptors has sedative effects on the cardiovascular system, including vasodilation, negative chronotropic and inotropic effects on the heart, and cardioprotective effects, including antifibrillatory effects. First, we review the signaling of i...
Source: Physiological Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: E Dolej ší A Janou šková J Jakub ík Source Type: research
Circadian Disruption as a Risk Factor for Development of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders - From Animal Models to Human Population
Physiol Res. 2024 Apr 18. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe lifestyle of human society is drifting apart from the natural environmental cycles that have influenced it since its inception. These cycles were fundamental in structuring the daily lives of people in the pre-industrial era, whether they were seasonal or daily. Factors that disrupt the regularity of human behaviour and its alignment with solar cycles, such as late night activities accompanied with food intake, greatly disturb the internal temporal organization in the body. This is believed to contribute to the rise of the so-called diseases of civilization. In th...
Source: Physiological Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: A Sumov á M Sl ádek Source Type: research
Sixty Years of Heart Research in the Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences
The objective of this review is to succinctly illuminate the scientific trajectory of an experimental cardiological department over a 60-year span, from its inaugural publication to the present. The old truth - historia magistra vitae - is still valid. Keywords: Heart, Adaptation, Development, Hypoxia, Protection.PMID:38634652 (Source: Physiological Research)
Source: Physiological Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: B Ostadal F Kolar Source Type: research
Gliflozins in the Treatment of Non-diabetic Experimental Cardiovascular Diseases
Physiol Res. 2024 Apr 18. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA new class of antidiabetic drugs - gliflozins (inhibitors of sodium glucose cotransporter-2; SGLT-2i) stimulate glucose and sodium excretion, thereby contributing to improved glycemic control, weight loss and blood pressure reduction in diabetic patients. Large clinical trials in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with empagliflozin, canagliflozin or dapagliflozin have demonstrated their excellent efficacy in improving many cardiovascular outcomes, including the reduction of death from cardiovascular diseases, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke, and hospita...
Source: Physiological Research - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: I Van ěčková J Zicha Source Type: research
A new method for isolation and purification of fusion-competent inhibitory synaptic vesicles
Curr Res Physiol. 2024 Feb 23;7:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100121. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTSynaptic vesicles specific to inhibitory GABA-releasing neurons are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. To study the specific molecular composition, architecture, and function of inhibitory synaptic vesicles, we have developed a new method to isolate and purify GABA synaptic vesicles from mouse brains. GABA synaptic vesicles were immunoisolated from mouse brain tissue using an engineered fragment antigen-binding region (Fab) against the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and purified. Western blot analysis confirme...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nisha Gopal Jeremy Leitz Chuchu Wang Luis Esquivies Richard A Pfuetzner Axel T Brunger Source Type: research
Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases of terpenoid biosynthesis in rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens)
This study reports the characterization of isoprenyl disphosphate synthases (IDSs) involved in P. graveolens terpene biosynthesis. The six identified PgIDSs belonged to different classes of IDSs, comprising homomeric geranyl diphosphate synthases (GPPSs; PgGPPS1 and PgGPPS2), the large subunit of heteromeric GPPS or geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases (GGPPSs; PgGGPPS), the small subunit of heteromeric GPPS (PgGPPS.SSUI and PgGPPS.SSUII), and farnesyl diphosphate synthases (FPPS; PgFPPS).All IDSs exhibited maximal expression in glandular trichomes (GTs), the site of aroma formation, and their expression except PgGPPS.SSUI...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ajay Kumar Soumitra Patekar Soumyajit Mohapatra Devendra Kumar Patel N R Kiran Priyanka Jaiswal Dinesh A Nagegowda Ajit Kumar Shasany Source Type: research
A new method for isolation and purification of fusion-competent inhibitory synaptic vesicles
Curr Res Physiol. 2024 Feb 23;7:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100121. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTSynaptic vesicles specific to inhibitory GABA-releasing neurons are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. To study the specific molecular composition, architecture, and function of inhibitory synaptic vesicles, we have developed a new method to isolate and purify GABA synaptic vesicles from mouse brains. GABA synaptic vesicles were immunoisolated from mouse brain tissue using an engineered fragment antigen-binding region (Fab) against the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and purified. Western blot analysis confirme...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nisha Gopal Jeremy Leitz Chuchu Wang Luis Esquivies Richard A Pfuetzner Axel T Brunger Source Type: research
Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases of terpenoid biosynthesis in rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens)
This study reports the characterization of isoprenyl disphosphate synthases (IDSs) involved in P. graveolens terpene biosynthesis. The six identified PgIDSs belonged to different classes of IDSs, comprising homomeric geranyl diphosphate synthases (GPPSs; PgGPPS1 and PgGPPS2), the large subunit of heteromeric GPPS or geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases (GGPPSs; PgGGPPS), the small subunit of heteromeric GPPS (PgGPPS.SSUI and PgGPPS.SSUII), and farnesyl diphosphate synthases (FPPS; PgFPPS).All IDSs exhibited maximal expression in glandular trichomes (GTs), the site of aroma formation, and their expression except PgGPPS.SSUI...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ajay Kumar Soumitra Patekar Soumyajit Mohapatra Devendra Kumar Patel N R Kiran Priyanka Jaiswal Dinesh A Nagegowda Ajit Kumar Shasany Source Type: research
A new method for isolation and purification of fusion-competent inhibitory synaptic vesicles
Curr Res Physiol. 2024 Feb 23;7:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100121. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTSynaptic vesicles specific to inhibitory GABA-releasing neurons are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. To study the specific molecular composition, architecture, and function of inhibitory synaptic vesicles, we have developed a new method to isolate and purify GABA synaptic vesicles from mouse brains. GABA synaptic vesicles were immunoisolated from mouse brain tissue using an engineered fragment antigen-binding region (Fab) against the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and purified. Western blot analysis confirme...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nisha Gopal Jeremy Leitz Chuchu Wang Luis Esquivies Richard A Pfuetzner Axel T Brunger Source Type: research
Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases of terpenoid biosynthesis in rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens)
This study reports the characterization of isoprenyl disphosphate synthases (IDSs) involved in P. graveolens terpene biosynthesis. The six identified PgIDSs belonged to different classes of IDSs, comprising homomeric geranyl diphosphate synthases (GPPSs; PgGPPS1 and PgGPPS2), the large subunit of heteromeric GPPS or geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases (GGPPSs; PgGGPPS), the small subunit of heteromeric GPPS (PgGPPS.SSUI and PgGPPS.SSUII), and farnesyl diphosphate synthases (FPPS; PgFPPS).All IDSs exhibited maximal expression in glandular trichomes (GTs), the site of aroma formation, and their expression except PgGPPS.SSUI...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ajay Kumar Soumitra Patekar Soumyajit Mohapatra Devendra Kumar Patel N R Kiran Priyanka Jaiswal Dinesh A Nagegowda Ajit Kumar Shasany Source Type: research
A new method for isolation and purification of fusion-competent inhibitory synaptic vesicles
Curr Res Physiol. 2024 Feb 23;7:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100121. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTSynaptic vesicles specific to inhibitory GABA-releasing neurons are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. To study the specific molecular composition, architecture, and function of inhibitory synaptic vesicles, we have developed a new method to isolate and purify GABA synaptic vesicles from mouse brains. GABA synaptic vesicles were immunoisolated from mouse brain tissue using an engineered fragment antigen-binding region (Fab) against the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and purified. Western blot analysis confirme...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nisha Gopal Jeremy Leitz Chuchu Wang Luis Esquivies Richard A Pfuetzner Axel T Brunger Source Type: research
Isoprenyl diphosphate synthases of terpenoid biosynthesis in rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens)
This study reports the characterization of isoprenyl disphosphate synthases (IDSs) involved in P. graveolens terpene biosynthesis. The six identified PgIDSs belonged to different classes of IDSs, comprising homomeric geranyl diphosphate synthases (GPPSs; PgGPPS1 and PgGPPS2), the large subunit of heteromeric GPPS or geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases (GGPPSs; PgGGPPS), the small subunit of heteromeric GPPS (PgGPPS.SSUI and PgGPPS.SSUII), and farnesyl diphosphate synthases (FPPS; PgFPPS).All IDSs exhibited maximal expression in glandular trichomes (GTs), the site of aroma formation, and their expression except PgGPPS.SSUI...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ajay Kumar Soumitra Patekar Soumyajit Mohapatra Devendra Kumar Patel N R Kiran Priyanka Jaiswal Dinesh A Nagegowda Ajit Kumar Shasany Source Type: research
A new method for isolation and purification of fusion-competent inhibitory synaptic vesicles
Curr Res Physiol. 2024 Feb 23;7:100121. doi: 10.1016/j.crphys.2024.100121. eCollection 2024.ABSTRACTSynaptic vesicles specific to inhibitory GABA-releasing neurons are critical for regulating neuronal excitability. To study the specific molecular composition, architecture, and function of inhibitory synaptic vesicles, we have developed a new method to isolate and purify GABA synaptic vesicles from mouse brains. GABA synaptic vesicles were immunoisolated from mouse brain tissue using an engineered fragment antigen-binding region (Fab) against the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and purified. Western blot analysis confirme...
Source: Physiological Research - April 4, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nisha Gopal Jeremy Leitz Chuchu Wang Luis Esquivies Richard A Pfuetzner Axel T Brunger Source Type: research
