Biosynthetic potential of the sediment microbial subcommunities of an unexplored karst ecosystem and its ecological implications
This study employed an enrichment method and genome mining tools to uncover novel bacterial genomes and explore their biosynthetic potential. The research focused on microbial communities residing in the sediments of an uncharted karst environment, specifically the Polac sinkhole, located on the Yucat án Peninsula. AbstractMicrobial communities from various environments have been studied in the quest for new natural products with a broad range of applications in medicine and biotechnology. We employed an enrichment method and genome mining tools to examine the biosynthetic potential of microbial communities in the sedimen...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - April 10, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Pablo Su árez‐Moo,
Alejandra Prieto‐Davó Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Characterizing arginine, ornithine, and putrescine pathways in enteric pathobionts
The amino acid L-arginine is converted by bacteria into a variety of downstream metabolites, including citrulline, agmatine, ornithine, putrescine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Our study shows that both Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella aerogenes, Pseudomonas fluorescens, andAcinetobacter baumannii) and Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, andEnterococcus faecalis) consume arginine, glutamine, and glutamate, and generate citrulline, ornithine, and GABA. This suggests that these pathways are conserved and essenti...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - April 1, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ian M. Lillie,
Charles E. Booth,
Adelaide E. Horvath,
Matthew Mondragon,
Melinda A. Engevik,
Thomas D. Horvath Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
What is the role of microbial biotechnology and genetic engineering in medicine?
Microbial biotechnology, the technological application of microorganisms, has been instrumental in producing significant natural bioactive products. These include antibiotics, antifungals, anticancer drugs, antiparasitics, antivirals, immunosuppressants, toxoid vaccines, and therapeutic enzymes. Certain microbial components have proven invaluable in the creation of genetic tools, such as CRISPR-Cas systems and thermostable DNA polymerase enzymes. These tools are essential for the development of genetic engineering strategies. Genetic engineering, as a discipline, plays a crucial role in the rational and precise advancement...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - April 1, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Fernando Santos ‐Beneit Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Using meta ‐analysis to understand the impacts of dietary protein and fat content on the composition of fecal microbiota of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris): A pilot study
This meta-analysis investigates the impact of dietary crude protein and fat on the fecal microbiota composition in healthy dogs. While overall community changes were minimal, individual taxonomic alterations were observed with increasing levels of protein and fat. The study highlights the role of low-abundant genera likeSharpea in differentiating the microbiome based on dietary intake, suggesting a need for further research into their functional roles. AbstractThe interplay between diet and fecal microbiota composition is garnering increased interest across various host species, including domestic dogs. While the influence...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 22, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Francis D. Phimister,
Rachel C. Anderson,
David G. Thomas,
Michelle J. Farquhar,
Paul Maclean,
Ruy Jauregui,
Wayne Young,
Christina F. Butowski,
Emma N. Bermingham Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Genomic characterization of extended ‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing and carbapenem‐resistant Escherichia coli from urban wastewater in Australia
This study investigates extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistantEscherichia coli isolates from Sydney's wastewater. These isolates exhibit resistance to critical antibiotics and harbor novel resistance mechanisms. The findings highlight the importance of wastewater-based surveillance in monitoring resistance beyond the clinical setting. (Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 16, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Zillur Rahman,
Mary ‐Louise McLaws,
Torsten Thomas Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Effects of color variation and physiological state on ascidian microbiomes
This study demonstrates that microbial symbiont communities serve as reliable indicators of the taxonomic state of their host and are strongly influenced by the host's feeding condition. (Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 14, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Samantha K. Morrison,
Patrick M. Erwin,
Susanna L ópez‐Legentil Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Multidrug ‐resistant Enterococcus faecium strains enter the Norwegian marine environment through treated sewage
This study investigated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance inEnterococcus spp. from raw and treated sewage in Bergen, Norway. We analyzed 307 Enterococcus faecium isolates from raw sewage and 185E. faecium isolates from treated sewage for antibiotic sensitivity and sequenced selected isolates (n = 25). This study found that multidrug-resistantE. faecium clones from clonal complex 17 are entering the marine environment through treated sewage. AbstractThis study aimed to understand the antibiotic resistance prevalence amongEnterococcus spp. from raw and treated sewage in Bergen city, Norway. In total, 517Enterococ...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 6, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Vera Radisic,
Didrik H. Grevskott,
Nadja Junghardt,
Lise Øvreås,
Nachiket P. Marathe Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Complete nucleotide sequence and comparative genomic analysis of microcin B17 plasmid pMccB17
In this study, the plasmid was extracted from theE. coli K-12 strain RYC1000 [pMccB17] and sequenced twice using an Illumina short-read method. The first sequencing was conducted with the host bacterial chromosome, and the plasmid DNA was then purified and sequenced separately. After assembly into a single contig, polymerase chain reaction primers were designed to close the single remaining gap via Sanger sequencing. The resulting complete circular DNA sequence is 69,190 bp long and includes 81 predicted genes. These genes were initially identified by Prokka and subsequently manually reannotated using BLAST. The plasmid...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 5, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Mayokun Ajeigbe,
Stephen Childs,
Timothy A. Paget,
Lewis E. H. Bingle Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
The copy number of the eukaryotic rRNA gene can be counted comprehensively
In this study, we report an alternative approach that is more appropriate than the existing method of quantitative sequencing and demonstrate that the copy number of eukaryotic rRNA can be measured efficiently and comprehensively. By applying this approach widely, information on the eukaryotic rRNA copy number can be determined, and their community structures can be depicted and compared more efficiently. (Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - March 5, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Akinori Yabuki,
Tatsuhiko Hoshino,
Tamiko Nakamura,
Keiko Mizuno Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Ultrastructural and glycoproteomic characterization of Prevotella intermedia: Insights into O ‐glycosylation and outer membrane vesicles
Electron cryotomography analysis revealed ultrastructural details ofPrevotella intermedia, revealing an electron-dense surface layer surrounding both cells and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Mass spectrometry analysis enabled the identification of a single majorO-glycan [dHex-dHex-HexNAc(HPO3-C6H12O5)-dHex-Hex-HexA-Hex(dHex)] found in 443 unique sites within 224 glycoproteins. Bioinformatic analyses ofO-glycoprotein localization predicted 73 periplasmic proteins, 53 inner membrane proteins, 52 lipoproteins, 26 outer membrane proteins, and 14 proteins secreted by the type IX secretion system. AbstractPrevotella intermedia,...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - February 27, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Xi Ye,
Bindusmita Paul,
Joyce Mo,
Eric C. Reynolds,
Debnath Ghosal,
Paul D. Veith Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - February 26, 2024 Category: Microbiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Effect of the polysaccharide capsule and its heptose on the resistance of Campylobacter jejuni to innate immune defenses
This study shows that the wild-type capsule with its heptose is optimized to resist innate defenses in strain NCTC 11168 often via antagonistic effects of the capsule and its heptose. (Source: MicrobiologyOpen)
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - February 20, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Matthew Myles,
Heba Barnawi,
Mahmoud Mahmoudpour,
Sargon Shlimon,
Adrienne Chang,
Daniel Zimmermann,
Chiwon Choi,
Najwa Zebian,
Carole Creuzenet Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Characterizing living ocular bacterial communities and the effects of antibiotic perturbation in house finches
In this study, we manipulated bacterial communities on bird conjunctiva with a bacteriostatic antibiotic, reducing bacterial activity while preserving viability, to identify the living and active conjunctival communities using comparisons of 16S ribosomal DNA and RNA in paired samples. DNA amplicons included many more sequence variants than RNA amplicons from the same communities, with consequent differences in diversity. While we found that changes in communities in DNA samples broadly represent shifts in the living (RNA-amplicon) communities, assessments of community function may be better described by RNA samples, reduc...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - February 5, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Chava L. Weitzman,
Dana M. Hawley,
Bahman Rostama,
Meghan May,
Lisa K. Belden Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Genomic analyses of an Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract co ‐infection using long‐read nanopore sequencing
Two bacterial strains were recovered from the same catheter specimen of urine sample. TheEscherichia coli strain encoded 11 resistance genes on a plasmid, including the ESBL gene,blaCTX-M-15. TheKlebsiella pneumoniae strain encoded an additional 5 resistance genes on a plasmid, including 2 copies ofblaCTX-M-15. Resistance genes were flanked between IS26 in a multimeric array. Both plasmids were similar, suggesting horizontal transfer occurred during the course of infection. AbstractEscherichia coli andKlebsiella pneumoniae isolates presenting with the same antimicrobial susceptibility profile were recovered from the same c...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - January 18, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Stephen Mark Edward Fordham,
Magdalena Barrow,
Anna Mantzouratou,
Elizabeth Sheridan Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
Group A Streptococcus strains causing meningitis without distinct invasive phenotype
Group A streptococcal (GAS) meningitis causes high morbidity and mortality. To elucidate the invasiveness of GAS in meningitis, we compared five GAS meningitis isolates to otitis and colonizing isolates. Genetic and virulence traits were comparable for all strains suggesting that meningitis likely resulted from a continuous spread of the infection. AbstractGroup A streptococcal (GAS; akaStreptococcus pyogenes) meningitis is a fulminant disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the invasiveness of GAS in meningitis, we compared GAS isolates derived from five cases of mening...
Source: MicrobiologyOpen - January 5, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Laura Marquardt,
Federica Andreoni,
Mathilde Boumasmoud,
Tiziano A. Schweizer,
Dorothea M. Heuberger,
Elena Parietti,
Sanne Hertegonne,
Jana Epprecht,
Dario Mattle,
Anna K. Raez,
Ewerton Marques ‐Maggio,
Reto A. Schuepbach,
Barbara Hasse,
S Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research
