First report on molecular characterization of Oestrus ovis in sheep from India
The objective of the present study is to characterize the dipteran larvae species infesting the sheep being maintained at SRRC, Mannavanur, by means of COI gene based PCR. During the last week of May 2021, post mortem examination of the skull of an Avikalin male sheep (20 months old) revealed the presence of larvae in its nasal sinuses. The larvae were washed in PBS (pH 7.2) and preserved in 70% alcohol. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the larvae using an initial step of grinding with liquid Nitrogen in a sterile mortar and pestle. Using the isolated genomic DN A from the larvae as a template, Cytochrome c oxidase su...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 12, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Prevalence of haemoparasites infection in diseased bovine and canine of Bhatinda district of Punjab, India
AbstractInfections caused by tick-borne haemoparasites pose a significant global threat to both human and animal health. Within this category, various haemoparasites species belonging to genera likeAnaplasma sp.,Babesia sp.,Ehrlichia sp.,Hepatozoon sp., andTheileria sp., are particularly concerning due to their ability to cause diseases in a wide range of hosts, including mammals, birds, and reptiles. The present cross-sectional study involving 580 animals provides annual insights into the prevalence of major haemoparasites infections in the Bathinda region of Punjab. The observed trends indicate that haemoparasites infect...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 12, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Toxoplasmosis in animals and humans: a neglected zoonotic disease in Bangladesh
This article comprehensively reviews various aspects of toxoplasmosis, with a specific focus on the situation in Bangladesh. (Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 6, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as potential mechanical vectors of the protozoan cyst and helminthic eggs in Kashmir Himalaya, India
AbstractBlowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are an important group of non-biting flies that are potential mechanical vectors of protozoan and helminthic pathogens. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify protozoan cysts and helminthic eggs transmitted by blowflies. Surveys were carried out at six different sites, viz., butcher shops, fish markets, garbage piles, water bodies, and open vegetation in the Kashmir Himalaya. The flies were collected with the help of a sweeping net and using day-old beef liver as bait from March 2021 to February 2023. A total of 968 blowflies were collected, out of which 83 were...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 6, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
The antimalarial profiling of Mangifera indica ’s herbal formulation attenuated biochemical alterations and improved hepatocytes’ histoarchitecture in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice
AbstractPlasmodium parasite causes malaria and affects the biochemical, physiological, and histoarchitecture of the hepatocytes and blood. The resultant effect leads to alterations in the metabolic activities of the liver, erythrocytes, as well as the buffer system. Therefore, we investigated the antiplasmodial activity, histomorphological studies of the hepatocytes and alterations in biochemical parameters inPlasmodium berghei-infected mice administered with the herbal formulation of aqueous extracts ofMangifera indica stem bark and leaves. The plant coarse leaves (250.71 g) and stem bark (509.34 g) were weighed to obt...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 5, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Molecular characterization of cystic echinococcosis cysts isolated from cattle in Shiraz, Iran
AbstractCystic echinococcosis (CE), is one of the common parasitic infections of domestic animals and humans caused by the larval stages of the tapewormEchinococcus granulosus. This research aimed to identify of CE cysts in cattle isolates from Shiraz slaughterhouse using molecular technique. Thirty CE cysts isolates were collected and total DNA was extracted from protoscolices or the germinal layer of each cyst followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NADH-1) mitochondrial genes (~ 450 bp) and sequencing. The sequence results were compared with a...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - April 2, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Fatal coinfection of blastocystosis and intestinal trichomoniasis in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)
AbstractA 3-year-old male rhesus macaque was presented at Referral Veterinary Polyclinic-Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, with a chief complaint of chronic diarrhoea and swelling of dependent body parts. The patient's history indicates that the monkey had been experiencing diarrhoea for the past month, with 2 –3 episodes of vomiting in the last 2 days. Additionally, oedema has developed within the last 2 weeks. The clinical examination findings revealed dullness and depression, the mucus membrane appeared pale, with a temperature-102.1 °F, a respiration rate-28/min, and a heart rate-92/min. The cap illary refill...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 19, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Spatiotemporal and seasonal transmission dynamics of Schistosoma haematobium and snail infectivity in Ase River catchment, Delta State, Nigeria
AbstractBulinus are intermediate snail hosts ofSchistosoma haematobium. Despite their vectorial role, the transmission dynamics and infectivity of these intermediate snail hosts remain understudied in the Ase River. This longitudinal study evaluated the geospatial and seasonal transmission patterns and infectivity of threeS. haematobium vectors between November 2020 and October 2022 in the Ase River catchment, Delta State, Nigeria. Eleven (11) geospatial water contact coordinates were mapped for monthly spatiotemporal collection ofBulinus species along the Ase River and its catchment, for two years. Snail sampling was perf...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 11, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Correlation between the Fasciola hepatica infection rate (number of parasites in the liver parenchyma) and the antibody titration, detected by ELISA assay
This study aimed to demonstrate the existence of a possible correlation between the level of liver fluke infection in cattle caused byFasciola hepatica and the titers of anti-parasite antibodies in the blood. 113 blood samples were taken from non-dewormed pasture cattle in the communal slaughterhouse of the Jijel city in order to determine the serological titration of anti-fluke antibodies by the ELISA method. After slaughtering the animals studied, a count of parasites present in the inspected livers was carried out in order to assess the level of parasitic infection. The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis (due toFasciola h...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 11, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Seroepidemiological study on coinfection of toxoplasmosis and active tuberculosis in Northern Iran: a case control study
AbstractCoinfection of tuberculosis (TB) and human parasitic infections is common in developing countries. There is little information about the prevalence ofToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection among TB patients in Iran. In this case –control study, anti-toxoplasma antibodies were measured by ELISA method in 100 patients with active tuberculosis and 100 healthy individuals who were matched in terms of sex, age, and place of residence. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were diagnosed in 62% of TB patients (95% CI 53 –71%) and 70% of control subjects (95% CI 62–78%). Anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies were found in 1% of bo...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 7, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Anthelmintic and therapeutic effects of the biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles against acute kidney injury induced by Parascaris equorum Infection in rats
AbstractComplications of parasite infections, especially kidney disease, have been linked to poorer outcomes. Acute kidney damage, glomerulonephritis, and tubular dysfunction are the most prevalent renal consequences ofParascaris equorum infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacological effects of green-produced zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) onP. equorum infection in male Wistar rats. Thirty-six male rats were divided into two groups of 18 each: infected and non-infected. Both groups were separated into three subgroups, each of which received distilled water, 30 mg/kg ZnO NPs, and 60 mg/kg Z...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Comparative evaluation of silver nanoparticles and human platelet rich-plasma versus traditional therapy in the treatment of murine chronic toxoplasmosis
In conclusion, combination therapy of spiramycin and AgNPs may represent a unique possible adjuvant therapy for reducing the pathogenic, toxic, and inflammatory consequences of toxoplasmosis on the brain and liver tissues in immunocompetent mice, and the expression of EGFR in brain tissues of mice is a good tool for evaluating the therapeutic improvement of murine toxoplasmosis. (Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases)
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - March 1, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Antileishmanial effect of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin on Leishmania major in vitro and in vivo
AbstractTherapeutic research is very important in the prevention and treatment of leishmaniasis due to problems such as drug resistance, scarring and disease recurrence. The aim of this study was to determine howLeishmania major responds to the anti-leishmaniasis properties of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin. Cultured Leishmania promastigotes were exposed to different concentrations of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin for 24 and 48 h. Then, during the animal phase, Balb/c mice were experimentally injected with Leishmania promastigotes. After wounding, the effects of 0.5% podophyllotoxin and 25% podophyllin on reducing wou...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 25, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Evaluation of larvicidal potential of Eritrean medicinal plants against Aedes aegypti
AbstractLarvicidal activity of three Eritrean medicinal plants was evaluated againstAedes aegypti by conducting the bioassay using WHO methods. Efficacy of the plant extracts ofO. hadiense, R. officinalis andC. spinarum was evaluated against 3rd instarAedes aegypti larvae and mortality was recorded. LC50 and LC90 of the various plant extracts were also calculated using probit analysis. The morphological analysis of treated larvae was also performed. Extracts ofO. hadiense, C. spinarium andR. officinalis were prepared using different solvents viz chloroform, 70% ethanol and water. Of the screened extracts, the chloroform ex...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 22, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
Nematocidal activity of chitosan nanoparticles conjugated with albendazole against the enteral and parenteral phases of trichinosis in experimentally infected mice
This study was designed to assess the use of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) in conjugation with full and half dose albendazole (ABZ) in treatment of intestinal and muscular trichinosis. Albino mice (84 mice) were used to evaluate the efficacy of drugs and divided into seven groups; I: control, II: ABZ (50 mg/kg) treated, III: ABZ (25 mg/kg) treated, IV: ABZ (50 mg/kg) conjugated CSNPs treated, V: ABZ (25 mg/kg) conjugated CSNPs treated, VI: CS treated and VII: CSNPs treated. Parasitological and histopathological examinations were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the used drugs. Results showed significant reduct...
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - February 19, 2024 Category: Parasitology Source Type: research
